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The Brazilian Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics (RBGO), a scientific publication of the Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics Societies (FEBRASGO), is aimed at gynecologists, obstetricians and professionals in related fields, with the aim of publishing research results on relevant topics in the field of Gynecology, Obstetrics and related areas.

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  • Review Article

    Breastfeeding and the Benefits of Lactation for Women’s Health

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2018;40(6):354-359

    Summary

    Review Article

    Breastfeeding and the Benefits of Lactation for Women’s Health

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2018;40(6):354-359

    DOI 10.1055/s-0038-1657766

    Views258

    Abstract

    The offer of the maternal breast to the baby is an unquestionable right of mothers and their children, and all efforts should bemade to promote, follow and maintain exclusive breastfeeding for up to 6months and supplement it until the child completes 2 years of age. Many publications are available in the literature about the qualities of breast milk, its benefits and health repercussions, stimulating the practice of breastfeeding and supporting campaigns for its implementation. However, although it is widely known that breastfeeding is an important step in the reproductive process of women and its practice offers benefits to both mother and child, most of the available information highlights the benefits of breast milk for children, while mention of the effects of breastfeeding on the health of the mother is usually neglected. Thus, the objective of the present study is to highlight the multiple benefits of breastfeeding for the physical and emotional health of the nursing mother. The authors consulted articles published in the databases PubMed, Virtual Health Library andWeb of Science using the keywords breastfeeding, breast milk, lactation and maternal health.

    Key-words breast milkbreastfeedingPostpartum period
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    Views258

    Summary

    Review Article

    Breastfeeding and the Benefits of Lactation for Women’s Health

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2018;40(6):354-359

    DOI 10.1055/s-0038-1657766

    Views258

    Abstract

    The offer of the maternal breast to the baby is an unquestionable right of mothers and their children, and all efforts should bemade to promote, follow and maintain exclusive breastfeeding for up to 6months and supplement it until the child completes 2 years of age. Many publications are available in the literature about the qualities of breast milk, its benefits and health repercussions, stimulating the practice of breastfeeding and supporting campaigns for its implementation. However, although it is widely known that breastfeeding is an important step in the reproductive process of women and its practice offers benefits to both mother and child, most of the available information highlights the benefits of breast milk for children, while mention of the effects of breastfeeding on the health of the mother is usually neglected. Thus, the objective of the present study is to highlight the multiple benefits of breastfeeding for the physical and emotional health of the nursing mother. The authors consulted articles published in the databases PubMed, Virtual Health Library andWeb of Science using the keywords breastfeeding, breast milk, lactation and maternal health.

    Key-words breast milkbreastfeedingPostpartum period
    See more
  • Artigos Originais

    Translation into Portuguese, cross-national adaptation and validation of the Female Sexual Function Index

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(10):504-510

    Summary

    Artigos Originais

    Translation into Portuguese, cross-national adaptation and validation of the Female Sexual Function Index

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(10):504-510

    DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032008001000005

    Views14

    PURPOSE: to translate from English into Portuguese, adapt culturally and validate the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). METHODS: knowing the objectives of this research, two Brazilian translators have prepared a version each from the FSFI into Portuguese. Both versions have then been retro-translated into English by two English translators. After harmonizing the differences, they have been pre-tested in a pilot study. The final versions from the FSFI and from another questionnaire, the Short-Form Health Survey, which had already been translated and published in Portuguese, have then been simultaneously administered to one hundred patients, to test the FSFI psychometric proprieties concerning reliability (internal consistency and testing-retesting) and construct validity. Retesting was done after four weeks from the first interview. RESULTS: the process of cultural adaptation has not altered the Portuguese version of the FSFI, as compared to the original. The FSFI standardized Cronbach alpha was 0.96, and the evaluation by domains has varied from 0.31 to 0.97. As a measure of test-retest confidentiality, it was applied the intra-class coefficient, which has been considered strong and identical (1.0). Pearson’s correlation coefficient between the FSFI and the Short-Form Health Survey was positive, but weak in most of the interrelated domains, varying from 0.017 to 0.036. CONCLUSIONS: the FSFI English version has been translated into Portuguese and culturally adapted, being reliable to evaluate the sexual response of Brazilian women.

    Key-words QuestionnairesReproducibility of resultsSexual dysfunctions, psychologicalTranslationsValidation studiesWomen’s health
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    Views14

    Summary

    Artigos Originais

    Translation into Portuguese, cross-national adaptation and validation of the Female Sexual Function Index

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(10):504-510

    DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032008001000005

    Views14

    PURPOSE: to translate from English into Portuguese, adapt culturally and validate the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). METHODS: knowing the objectives of this research, two Brazilian translators have prepared a version each from the FSFI into Portuguese. Both versions have then been retro-translated into English by two English translators. After harmonizing the differences, they have been pre-tested in a pilot study. The final versions from the FSFI and from another questionnaire, the Short-Form Health Survey, which had already been translated and published in Portuguese, have then been simultaneously administered to one hundred patients, to test the FSFI psychometric proprieties concerning reliability (internal consistency and testing-retesting) and construct validity. Retesting was done after four weeks from the first interview. RESULTS: the process of cultural adaptation has not altered the Portuguese version of the FSFI, as compared to the original. The FSFI standardized Cronbach alpha was 0.96, and the evaluation by domains has varied from 0.31 to 0.97. As a measure of test-retest confidentiality, it was applied the intra-class coefficient, which has been considered strong and identical (1.0). Pearson’s correlation coefficient between the FSFI and the Short-Form Health Survey was positive, but weak in most of the interrelated domains, varying from 0.017 to 0.036. CONCLUSIONS: the FSFI English version has been translated into Portuguese and culturally adapted, being reliable to evaluate the sexual response of Brazilian women.

    Key-words QuestionnairesReproducibility of resultsSexual dysfunctions, psychologicalTranslationsValidation studiesWomen’s health
    See more
  • Review Article

    Preeclampsia

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2017;39(9):496-512

    Summary

    Review Article

    Preeclampsia

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2017;39(9):496-512

    DOI 10.1055/s-0037-1604471

    Views98

    Abstract

    The authors review hypertensive disease during pregnancy with an academic and practical view, and using the best evidence available. This disease, which is the most important clinical disease in Brazilian pregnant women, may have its incidence reduced with prevention through the use of calcium and aspirin in pregnant women at risk. Previously, it was a disease that presented with hypertension with proteinuria, but it has now been classified with new clinical parameters besides proteinuria. Morbidity and mortality should be reduced in a continental country such as Brazil using protocols for the early treatment of complications by calculating severe outcomes in preeclampsia. The early treatment of acute hypertension, use of magnesium sulfate and early hospitalization in cases of preeclampsia are concepts to pursue the reduction of our pregnant women’s mortality.

    Key-words HELLP syndromeHigh-risk pregnancyPreeclampsiapregnancy arterial hypertensionPregnancy complications
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    Views98

    Summary

    Review Article

    Preeclampsia

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2017;39(9):496-512

    DOI 10.1055/s-0037-1604471

    Views98

    Abstract

    The authors review hypertensive disease during pregnancy with an academic and practical view, and using the best evidence available. This disease, which is the most important clinical disease in Brazilian pregnant women, may have its incidence reduced with prevention through the use of calcium and aspirin in pregnant women at risk. Previously, it was a disease that presented with hypertension with proteinuria, but it has now been classified with new clinical parameters besides proteinuria. Morbidity and mortality should be reduced in a continental country such as Brazil using protocols for the early treatment of complications by calculating severe outcomes in preeclampsia. The early treatment of acute hypertension, use of magnesium sulfate and early hospitalization in cases of preeclampsia are concepts to pursue the reduction of our pregnant women’s mortality.

    Key-words HELLP syndromeHigh-risk pregnancyPreeclampsiapregnancy arterial hypertensionPregnancy complications
    See more
    Preeclampsia
  • Review Article

    Primary Dysmenorrhea: Assessment and Treatment

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2020;42(8):501-507

    Summary

    Review Article

    Primary Dysmenorrhea: Assessment and Treatment

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2020;42(8):501-507

    DOI 10.1055/s-0040-1712131

    Views196

    Abstract

    Primary dysmenorrhea is defined asmenstrual pain in the absence of pelvic disease. It is characterized by overproduction of prostaglandins by the endometrium, causing uterine hypercontractility that results in uterine muscle ischemia, hypoxia, and, subsequently, pain. It is the most common gynecological illness in women in their reproductive years and one of the most frequent causes of pelvic pain; however, it is underdiagnosed, undertreated, and even undervalued by women themselves, who accept it as part of themenstrual cycle. It hasmajor implications for quality of life, such as limitation of daily activities and psychological stress, being one of themain causes of school and work absenteeism. Its diagnosis is essentially clinical, based on the clinical history and normal physical examination. It is important to exclude secondary causes of dysmenorrhea. The treatment may have different approaches (pharmacological, nonpharmacological and surgical), but the first line of treatment is the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and, in cases of women who want contraception, the use of hormonal contraceptives. Alternative treatments, such as topical heat, lifestyle modification, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, dietary supplements, acupuncture, and acupressure, may be an option in cases of conventional treatments’ contraindication. Surgical treatment is only indicated in rare cases of women with severe dysmenorrhea refractory to treatment.

    Key-words Dysmenorrheahormonal contraceptionMenstrual cycleNSAIDsPain
    See more
    Views196

    Summary

    Review Article

    Primary Dysmenorrhea: Assessment and Treatment

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2020;42(8):501-507

    DOI 10.1055/s-0040-1712131

    Views196

    Abstract

    Primary dysmenorrhea is defined asmenstrual pain in the absence of pelvic disease. It is characterized by overproduction of prostaglandins by the endometrium, causing uterine hypercontractility that results in uterine muscle ischemia, hypoxia, and, subsequently, pain. It is the most common gynecological illness in women in their reproductive years and one of the most frequent causes of pelvic pain; however, it is underdiagnosed, undertreated, and even undervalued by women themselves, who accept it as part of themenstrual cycle. It hasmajor implications for quality of life, such as limitation of daily activities and psychological stress, being one of themain causes of school and work absenteeism. Its diagnosis is essentially clinical, based on the clinical history and normal physical examination. It is important to exclude secondary causes of dysmenorrhea. The treatment may have different approaches (pharmacological, nonpharmacological and surgical), but the first line of treatment is the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and, in cases of women who want contraception, the use of hormonal contraceptives. Alternative treatments, such as topical heat, lifestyle modification, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, dietary supplements, acupuncture, and acupressure, may be an option in cases of conventional treatments’ contraindication. Surgical treatment is only indicated in rare cases of women with severe dysmenorrhea refractory to treatment.

    Key-words Dysmenorrheahormonal contraceptionMenstrual cycleNSAIDsPain
    See more
    Primary Dysmenorrhea: Assessment and Treatment
  • Artigos Originais

    Coverage of the Pap smear in Brazil and its determining factors: a systematic literature review

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2005;27(8):485-492

    Summary

    Artigos Originais

    Coverage of the Pap smear in Brazil and its determining factors: a systematic literature review

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2005;27(8):485-492

    DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032005000800009

    Views4

    PURPOSE: to present an overview of the coverage of the Pap smear in Brazil, emphasizing the determinant factors associated with failure of women to submit to the test. METHODS: the literature was reviewed using the LILACS (Latin-American and Caribbean Literature in Sciences of the Health), MEDLINE – 1966 to 2004 (International Literature in Sciences of the Health), PAHO (Collection of the Library of the Pan-American Organization of Health), and WHOLIS (System of Information of the Library of OMS) databases. The review was enlarged through the search of bibliographical references of relevant studies, request for published and unpublished studies by specialists, and other sources. Articles that fulfilled the following criteria were selected: to be a cross-sectional study, carried out in Brazil, including information about periodicity of the Pap test (some time in life or in the last three years) and/or containing information about factors associated with failure of women to submit to the test. Duplicates and articles without summary were excluded. A total of 13 articles fulfilling these criteria were selected. RESULTS: there are few studies on the coverage of Pap smear in Brazil. Most of them are concentrated in the big cities of the South and Southeast regions of the country. Besides the shortage, little methodological standardization exists in relation to the sampling and profile of the investigated women, which turns difficult the comparison among them. These methodological differences must have contributed to the great variability found in the coverage. However, in spite of all of the problems, a trend of time series increase is observed in the percentage of women who had at least one Pap smear in life. The two studies accomplished in the eighties showed coverage of 55.0 and 68.9% some time in life, while a household survey carried out in 2002 and 2003 presented values that varied from 73.4 to 92.9%; however, two studies of national inclusion presented estimates below 70.0% in the last three years. On the other hand, some variables were associated with the women’s failure to submit to the Pap smear: low socioeconomic level, low education, low family income, and to belong to the younger age groups. CONCLUSION: the data here presented point to regional inequalities in the coverage of the Pap smear in the Brazilian female population and to the need of intervention targeted to those factors associated with women’s failure to submit to the Pap smear.

    Key-words BrazilCervix neoplasmscross-sectional studiesVaginal smears
    See more
    Views4

    Summary

    Artigos Originais

    Coverage of the Pap smear in Brazil and its determining factors: a systematic literature review

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2005;27(8):485-492

    DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032005000800009

    Views4

    PURPOSE: to present an overview of the coverage of the Pap smear in Brazil, emphasizing the determinant factors associated with failure of women to submit to the test. METHODS: the literature was reviewed using the LILACS (Latin-American and Caribbean Literature in Sciences of the Health), MEDLINE – 1966 to 2004 (International Literature in Sciences of the Health), PAHO (Collection of the Library of the Pan-American Organization of Health), and WHOLIS (System of Information of the Library of OMS) databases. The review was enlarged through the search of bibliographical references of relevant studies, request for published and unpublished studies by specialists, and other sources. Articles that fulfilled the following criteria were selected: to be a cross-sectional study, carried out in Brazil, including information about periodicity of the Pap test (some time in life or in the last three years) and/or containing information about factors associated with failure of women to submit to the test. Duplicates and articles without summary were excluded. A total of 13 articles fulfilling these criteria were selected. RESULTS: there are few studies on the coverage of Pap smear in Brazil. Most of them are concentrated in the big cities of the South and Southeast regions of the country. Besides the shortage, little methodological standardization exists in relation to the sampling and profile of the investigated women, which turns difficult the comparison among them. These methodological differences must have contributed to the great variability found in the coverage. However, in spite of all of the problems, a trend of time series increase is observed in the percentage of women who had at least one Pap smear in life. The two studies accomplished in the eighties showed coverage of 55.0 and 68.9% some time in life, while a household survey carried out in 2002 and 2003 presented values that varied from 73.4 to 92.9%; however, two studies of national inclusion presented estimates below 70.0% in the last three years. On the other hand, some variables were associated with the women’s failure to submit to the Pap smear: low socioeconomic level, low education, low family income, and to belong to the younger age groups. CONCLUSION: the data here presented point to regional inequalities in the coverage of the Pap smear in the Brazilian female population and to the need of intervention targeted to those factors associated with women’s failure to submit to the Pap smear.

    Key-words BrazilCervix neoplasmscross-sectional studiesVaginal smears
    See more
    Coverage of the Pap smear in Brazil and its determining factors: a systematic literature review
  • Review Article

    Multiple Pregnancy: Epidemiology and Association with Maternal and Perinatal Morbidity

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2018;40(9):554-562

    Summary

    Review Article

    Multiple Pregnancy: Epidemiology and Association with Maternal and Perinatal Morbidity

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2018;40(9):554-562

    DOI 10.1055/s-0038-1668117

    Views61

    Abstract

    Twin pregnancy accounts for 2 to 4% of total births, with a prevalence ranging from 0.9 to 2.4% in Brazil. It is associated with worse maternal and perinatal outcomes. Many conditions, such as severe maternal morbidity (SMM) (potentially life-threatening conditions and maternal near-miss) and neonatal near-miss (NNM) still have not been properly investigated in the literature. The difficulty in determining the conditions associated with twin pregnancy probably lies in its relatively low occurrence and the need for larger population studies. The use of the whole population and of databases from large multicenter studies, therefore, may provide unprecedented results. Since it is a rare condition, it ismore easily evaluated using vital statistics from birth e-registries. Therefore, we have performed a literature review to identify the characteristics of twin pregnancy in Brazil and worldwide. Twin pregnancy has consistently been associated with SMM, maternal near-miss (MNM) and perinatal morbidity, with still worse results for the second twin, possibly due to some characteristics of the delivery, including safety and availability of appropriate obstetric care to women at a high risk of perinatal complications.

    Key-words High-risk pregnancymaternal morbiditymultiple pregnanciesperinatal morbidity
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    Views61

    Summary

    Review Article

    Multiple Pregnancy: Epidemiology and Association with Maternal and Perinatal Morbidity

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2018;40(9):554-562

    DOI 10.1055/s-0038-1668117

    Views61

    Abstract

    Twin pregnancy accounts for 2 to 4% of total births, with a prevalence ranging from 0.9 to 2.4% in Brazil. It is associated with worse maternal and perinatal outcomes. Many conditions, such as severe maternal morbidity (SMM) (potentially life-threatening conditions and maternal near-miss) and neonatal near-miss (NNM) still have not been properly investigated in the literature. The difficulty in determining the conditions associated with twin pregnancy probably lies in its relatively low occurrence and the need for larger population studies. The use of the whole population and of databases from large multicenter studies, therefore, may provide unprecedented results. Since it is a rare condition, it ismore easily evaluated using vital statistics from birth e-registries. Therefore, we have performed a literature review to identify the characteristics of twin pregnancy in Brazil and worldwide. Twin pregnancy has consistently been associated with SMM, maternal near-miss (MNM) and perinatal morbidity, with still worse results for the second twin, possibly due to some characteristics of the delivery, including safety and availability of appropriate obstetric care to women at a high risk of perinatal complications.

    Key-words High-risk pregnancymaternal morbiditymultiple pregnanciesperinatal morbidity
    See more
    Multiple Pregnancy: Epidemiology and Association with Maternal and Perinatal Morbidity
  • Trabalhos Originais

    Pré-natal Care Profile among Public Health Service (“Sistema Único de Saúde”) Users from Caxias do Sul

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2002;24(5):293-299

    Summary

    Trabalhos Originais

    Pré-natal Care Profile among Public Health Service (“Sistema Único de Saúde”) Users from Caxias do Sul

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2002;24(5):293-299

    DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032002000500002

    Views3

    Purpose: to study the prenatal care among Public Health Service (“Sistema Único de Saúde”) users from Caxias do Sul – RS. Methods: a transversal study of 702 pregnancies attended at the Hospital Geral -Universidade de Caxias do Sul from March 2000 to March 2001 based on the criteria set by the “Programa Nacional de Humanização do Pré-natal e Nascimento (PNHPN)” of the Brazilian Ministry of Health. Results: the observed prenatal coverage was 95.4%, whereas the average of visits was 6.2. The main reported reason for not following prenatal care was the lack of information about its importance (65.6%). In 51.5% of the cases, prenatal care started in the third month of pregnancy, whereas 44.3% of the pregnant women carried out all the proposed complementary tests. Prenatal care was considered inappropriate in 64.8% and appropriate in 35.2% of the cases. The quality of prenatal attention was significantly associated with the mother’s education, as well as with the number of previous deliveries. The higher the educational level, the better the quality of observed prenatal care (p=0.0148). In addition, the higher number of previous deliveries showed to be associated with a later beginning of prenatal care and a lower number of visits (p=0.0008). Conclusions: the prenatal care available at Caxias do Sul in spite of its good coverage, should be reviewed in terms of quality. Special attention should be given to education in health along the prenatal assistance.

    Key-words Maternal mortalityPerinatal mortalityPrenatal careprimary health care
    See more
    Views3

    Summary

    Trabalhos Originais

    Pré-natal Care Profile among Public Health Service (“Sistema Único de Saúde”) Users from Caxias do Sul

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2002;24(5):293-299

    DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032002000500002

    Views3

    Purpose: to study the prenatal care among Public Health Service (“Sistema Único de Saúde”) users from Caxias do Sul – RS. Methods: a transversal study of 702 pregnancies attended at the Hospital Geral -Universidade de Caxias do Sul from March 2000 to March 2001 based on the criteria set by the “Programa Nacional de Humanização do Pré-natal e Nascimento (PNHPN)” of the Brazilian Ministry of Health. Results: the observed prenatal coverage was 95.4%, whereas the average of visits was 6.2. The main reported reason for not following prenatal care was the lack of information about its importance (65.6%). In 51.5% of the cases, prenatal care started in the third month of pregnancy, whereas 44.3% of the pregnant women carried out all the proposed complementary tests. Prenatal care was considered inappropriate in 64.8% and appropriate in 35.2% of the cases. The quality of prenatal attention was significantly associated with the mother’s education, as well as with the number of previous deliveries. The higher the educational level, the better the quality of observed prenatal care (p=0.0148). In addition, the higher number of previous deliveries showed to be associated with a later beginning of prenatal care and a lower number of visits (p=0.0008). Conclusions: the prenatal care available at Caxias do Sul in spite of its good coverage, should be reviewed in terms of quality. Special attention should be given to education in health along the prenatal assistance.

    Key-words Maternal mortalityPerinatal mortalityPrenatal careprimary health care
    See more
  • Artigos Originais

    Validation of a quality of life questionnaire (King’s Health Questionnaire) in Brazilian women with urinary incontinence

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2005;27(5):235-242

    Summary

    Artigos Originais

    Validation of a quality of life questionnaire (King’s Health Questionnaire) in Brazilian women with urinary incontinence

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2005;27(5):235-242

    DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032005000500002

    Views4

    PURPOSE: the proposal of the present study was to translate and to validate King’s Health Questionnaire (KHQ) for Brazilian women with urinary incontinence. METHODS: a hundred and thirty-four patients with urinary incontinence, confirmed by urodynamic study, were enrolled from the outpatient clinic of Uroginecology. Initially, we translated the KHQ into the Brazilian Portuguese language in agreement with international criteria. Due to language and cultural differences we performed a cultural, structural, conceptual, and semantic adaptation of the KHQ, in order to make sure that patients were able to fully understand the questions. All patients answered the KHQ twice on the same day, within an interval of 30 min, applied by two different interviewers. After 7 to 14 days, on a second visit, the questionnaire was applied again. Reliability (intra- and interobserver internal consistency), construct and discriminative validity were tested. RESULTS: several cultural adaptations were necessary until we reached the final version. The intra-observer internal consistency (alpha of Cronbach) of the several dimensions varied from moderate to high (0.77-0.90), and the interobserver internal consistency varied from 0.66 to 0.94. Moderate to strong correlation was detected among the specific KHQ urinary incontinence dominions and clinical urinary incontinence manifestations known to affect the quality of life of these patients. CONCLUSION: KHQ was adapted to the Portuguese language and to the Brazilian culture, showing great reliability and validity. It should be included and used in any Brazilian urinary incontinence clinical trial.

    Key-words Quality of lifeQuestionnairesurinary incontinenceValidityWomen’s health
    See more
    Views4

    Summary

    Artigos Originais

    Validation of a quality of life questionnaire (King’s Health Questionnaire) in Brazilian women with urinary incontinence

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2005;27(5):235-242

    DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032005000500002

    Views4

    PURPOSE: the proposal of the present study was to translate and to validate King’s Health Questionnaire (KHQ) for Brazilian women with urinary incontinence. METHODS: a hundred and thirty-four patients with urinary incontinence, confirmed by urodynamic study, were enrolled from the outpatient clinic of Uroginecology. Initially, we translated the KHQ into the Brazilian Portuguese language in agreement with international criteria. Due to language and cultural differences we performed a cultural, structural, conceptual, and semantic adaptation of the KHQ, in order to make sure that patients were able to fully understand the questions. All patients answered the KHQ twice on the same day, within an interval of 30 min, applied by two different interviewers. After 7 to 14 days, on a second visit, the questionnaire was applied again. Reliability (intra- and interobserver internal consistency), construct and discriminative validity were tested. RESULTS: several cultural adaptations were necessary until we reached the final version. The intra-observer internal consistency (alpha of Cronbach) of the several dimensions varied from moderate to high (0.77-0.90), and the interobserver internal consistency varied from 0.66 to 0.94. Moderate to strong correlation was detected among the specific KHQ urinary incontinence dominions and clinical urinary incontinence manifestations known to affect the quality of life of these patients. CONCLUSION: KHQ was adapted to the Portuguese language and to the Brazilian culture, showing great reliability and validity. It should be included and used in any Brazilian urinary incontinence clinical trial.

    Key-words Quality of lifeQuestionnairesurinary incontinenceValidityWomen’s health
    See more
    Validation of a quality of life questionnaire (King’s Health Questionnaire) in Brazilian women with urinary incontinence
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breast (42) breast cancer (42) Breast neoplasms (102) Cesarean section (76) Endometriosis (69) infertility (54) Maternal mortality (44) Menopause (86) Obesity (59) Polycystic ovary syndrome (41) Postpartum period (44) Pregnancy (244) Pregnancy complications (99) Prenatal care (71) prenatal diagnosis (51) Quality of life (52) Risk factors (102) Ultrasonography (82) Uterine cervical neoplasms (41) Women’s health (48)

Featured Articles

  • Febrasgo Position Statement

    Syphilis and pregnancy

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-FPS09

    Summary

    Febrasgo Position Statement

    Syphilis and pregnancy

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-FPS09

    DOI 10.61622/rbgo/2024FPS09

    Views127

    Key points

    •Although congenital syphilis has a known etiological agent, accessible diagnosis and low-cost, effective treatment with low fetal toxicity, it continues to challenge obstetric and antenatal care services.

    •The increasing rates of syphilis in the general population have direct repercussions on the increase in cases of congenital syphilis, a situation of objective interest for public health.

    •Although transforming the recording of syphilis and congenital syphilis into notifiable diseases improved the records and has made it possible to measure the occurrence of these diseases and create solutions, no effects on reducing their frequency have been reached yet.

    •The failure to control syphilis/congenital syphilis is multifactorial, and associates variables that range from the deficiency in teaching about these diseases in schools and in the training system of the various health professional segments, as well as the lack of rigid policies for quality control from antenatal care until the clinical follow-up of children exposed to Treponema pallidum during pregnancy.

    •To date, benzathine penicillin is the only antimicrobial accepted as effective by the main health authorities on the planet for the treatment of syphilis in pregnant women.

    •The fear of anaphylaxis in response to the treatment of syphilis with benzathine penicillin is an important factor hindering the prompt and correct treatment of pregnant women with syphilis, even though health authorities have made efforts to face the problem with solid arguments, still insufficient to resolve the question.

    •Although specific protocols are published, the failure to control the treatment of syphilis in pregnant women is still observed with high frequency, indicating and reinforcing a failure in the quality control of these care principles.

    The National Specialized Commission on Infectious Diseases of the Brazilian Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics Associations (Febrasgo) endorses this document. Content production is based on scientific evidence on the proposed topic and the results presented contribute to clinical practice.

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    Views127

    Summary

    Febrasgo Position Statement

    Syphilis and pregnancy

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-FPS09

    DOI 10.61622/rbgo/2024FPS09

    Views127

    Key points

    •Although congenital syphilis has a known etiological agent, accessible diagnosis and low-cost, effective treatment with low fetal toxicity, it continues to challenge obstetric and antenatal care services.

    •The increasing rates of syphilis in the general population have direct repercussions on the increase in cases of congenital syphilis, a situation of objective interest for public health.

    •Although transforming the recording of syphilis and congenital syphilis into notifiable diseases improved the records and has made it possible to measure the occurrence of these diseases and create solutions, no effects on reducing their frequency have been reached yet.

    •The failure to control syphilis/congenital syphilis is multifactorial, and associates variables that range from the deficiency in teaching about these diseases in schools and in the training system of the various health professional segments, as well as the lack of rigid policies for quality control from antenatal care until the clinical follow-up of children exposed to Treponema pallidum during pregnancy.

    •To date, benzathine penicillin is the only antimicrobial accepted as effective by the main health authorities on the planet for the treatment of syphilis in pregnant women.

    •The fear of anaphylaxis in response to the treatment of syphilis with benzathine penicillin is an important factor hindering the prompt and correct treatment of pregnant women with syphilis, even though health authorities have made efforts to face the problem with solid arguments, still insufficient to resolve the question.

    •Although specific protocols are published, the failure to control the treatment of syphilis in pregnant women is still observed with high frequency, indicating and reinforcing a failure in the quality control of these care principles.

    The National Specialized Commission on Infectious Diseases of the Brazilian Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics Associations (Febrasgo) endorses this document. Content production is based on scientific evidence on the proposed topic and the results presented contribute to clinical practice.

    See more
  • Review Article

    Neonatal and maternal outcomes of mRNA versus Non-mRNA COVID-19 vaccines in pregnant patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgo69

    Summary

    Review Article

    Neonatal and maternal outcomes of mRNA versus Non-mRNA COVID-19 vaccines in pregnant patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgo69

    DOI 10.61622/rbgo/2024rbgo69

    Views107

    Abstract

    Objective

    To compare the effectiveness and safety of non-mRNA versus mRNA COVID-19 vaccines on pregnant women and their newborns in a systematic review with meta-analysis.

    Data sources

    We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central in May 2023.

    Study selection

    The search strategy yielded 4451 results, 16 studies were fully reviewed. We selected case-control studies analysing non-mRNA versus mRNA vaccines. Data collection and analysis: we assessed the risk of bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool. Standardised mean differences were pooled using random-effect models.

    Data synthesis

    We identified 8 prospective and retrospective studies with a total of 32,153 patients. Non-mRNA vaccines were associated with a higher incidence of fever (OR 2.67; 95% CI 2.08-3.43; p<0.001), and a lower incidence of fetal or neonatal death (OR 0.16; 95% CI 0.08-0.33; p<0.001). In subgroup analyses, the Jansen vaccine (Ad26.COV2.S) was found to have a higher rate of premature labor/delivery (OR 4.48; 95% CI 1.45-13.83; p=0.009) and missed/spontaneous abortion (OR 1.90; 95% CI 1.09-3.30; p=0.02), as compared with the Pfizer (BNT162b2) vaccine.

    Conclusion

    non-mRNA vaccines are associated with a lower incidence of fetal or neonatal death among pregnant women who receive a Covid19 vaccine, although at an increased rate of pyrexia compared with mRNA vaccines. Other studies are required for better assessment.

    PROSPERO

    CRD42023421814

    Key-words Coronavirus infectionsCOVID-19COVID-19 vaccinesInfant, newbornmRNA vaccinesPregnancy complicationsPregnant womenSARS-CoV-2
    See more
    Views107

    Summary

    Review Article

    Neonatal and maternal outcomes of mRNA versus Non-mRNA COVID-19 vaccines in pregnant patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgo69

    DOI 10.61622/rbgo/2024rbgo69

    Views107

    Abstract

    Objective

    To compare the effectiveness and safety of non-mRNA versus mRNA COVID-19 vaccines on pregnant women and their newborns in a systematic review with meta-analysis.

    Data sources

    We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central in May 2023.

    Study selection

    The search strategy yielded 4451 results, 16 studies were fully reviewed. We selected case-control studies analysing non-mRNA versus mRNA vaccines. Data collection and analysis: we assessed the risk of bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool. Standardised mean differences were pooled using random-effect models.

    Data synthesis

    We identified 8 prospective and retrospective studies with a total of 32,153 patients. Non-mRNA vaccines were associated with a higher incidence of fever (OR 2.67; 95% CI 2.08-3.43; p<0.001), and a lower incidence of fetal or neonatal death (OR 0.16; 95% CI 0.08-0.33; p<0.001). In subgroup analyses, the Jansen vaccine (Ad26.COV2.S) was found to have a higher rate of premature labor/delivery (OR 4.48; 95% CI 1.45-13.83; p=0.009) and missed/spontaneous abortion (OR 1.90; 95% CI 1.09-3.30; p=0.02), as compared with the Pfizer (BNT162b2) vaccine.

    Conclusion

    non-mRNA vaccines are associated with a lower incidence of fetal or neonatal death among pregnant women who receive a Covid19 vaccine, although at an increased rate of pyrexia compared with mRNA vaccines. Other studies are required for better assessment.

    PROSPERO

    CRD42023421814

    Key-words Coronavirus infectionsCOVID-19COVID-19 vaccinesInfant, newbornmRNA vaccinesPregnancy complicationsPregnant womenSARS-CoV-2
    See more
  • Febrasgo Position Statement

    Breech birth care: Number 1 – 2024

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgofps1

    Summary

    Febrasgo Position Statement

    Breech birth care: Number 1 – 2024

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgofps1

    DOI 10.61622/rbgo/2024FPS01

    Views643
    Key points[…]
    See more
    Views643

    Summary

    Febrasgo Position Statement

    Breech birth care: Number 1 – 2024

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgofps1

    DOI 10.61622/rbgo/2024FPS01

    Views643
    Key points[…]
    See more

Objectives and Vision

The Brazilian Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics (RBGO) aims to publish basic and clinical research in gynecology, obstetrics and other related specialties and to be a reference to support and promote the professional education of residents, researchers and university professors. As a VISION, RBGO aims to become an internationally recognized reference among the main global journals in Gynecology and Obstetrics.

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