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Original Article
Gastrin-releasing peptide receptor: a promising new biomarker to identify cervical precursor lesions and cancer
- Martina Lichtenfels
, - Rafaella Almeida Lima Nunes ,
- Rossana Veronica Mendoza López ,
- Camila Alves da Silva ,
- Luiz Carlos Zeferino , [ … ],
- Lara Termini
03-18-2025
Views48
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Summary
Original ArticleGastrin-releasing peptide receptor: a promising new biomarker to identify cervical precursor lesions and cancer
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2025;47:e-rbgo4
03-18-2025- Martina Lichtenfels ,
- Rafaella Almeida Lima Nunes ,
- Rossana Veronica Mendoza López ,
- Camila Alves da Silva ,
- Luiz Carlos Zeferino ,
- Vanesca de Souza Lino ,
- Adhemar Longatto-Filho ,
- Louise De Brot ,
- Silvia Helena Rabelo-Santos ,
- Daniela Baumann Cornelio ,
- Enrique Boccardo ,
- Caroline Brunetto de Farias ,
- Lara Termini
Views48Abstract
Objective:
This study aimed to verify the relation between gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR), oncogenic Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical lesions severity.
Methods:
GRPR mRNA levels were evaluated in cervical cancer-derived cell lines and in primary keratinocytes expressing HPV16 oncogenes by RT-PCR. GRPR protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in organotypic cell cultures derived from keratinocytes transduced with HPV16 oncogenes and in 208 cervical samples, including 59 non-neoplastic tissue, 28 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN3), 44 squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and 77 adenocarcinomas (ADC). Generic primers (GP5+/GP6+) were used to identify HPV infection in tissue samples. Experiments involving cell lines were analyzed through non-parametric tests (Kruskal Wallis), and Fisher’s Exact Test for human tissues samples. All statistical tests were considered significant at p <0.05. Immunohistochemical evaluation was conducted independently and blindly by two observers (AD- LO). Any discordant findings were resolved through discussion to reach a consensus score.
Results:
GRPR mRNA levels were not increased in cells expressing HPV16 or HPV18 oncogenes. However, at the protein level, GRPR was upregulated in organotypic cell cultures containing HPV oncogenes. Besides, it was identified an association between GRPR expression and cervical lesion severity (p < 0.0001). The detection rate of high-risk HPV DNA was directly correlated with cervical disease. Nonetheless, HPV infection was not directly associated with GRPR in cervical samples.
Conclusion:
GRPR expression is highly predictive of cervical lesion severity, irrespective of HPV infection and might contribute to improving patient’s therapeutic management as well as being used a marker of disease progression.
Key-words AdenocarcinomaCarcinoma, squamous cellGastrin-releasing peptide receptorHuman papillomavirusOncogenesPapillomavirus infectionsUterine cervical dysplasiaUterine cervical neoplasmsSee moreThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 
- Martina Lichtenfels
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Review Article
Low-level laser therapy for nipple trauma and pain during breastfeeding: systematic review and meta-analysis
- Maria Victória Candida Gaitero ,
- Ticiana Aparecida Alves de Mira ,
- Edna Jéssica Lima Gondim ,
- Simony Lira do Nascimento ,
- Fernanda Garanhani Surita
03-18-2025
Summary
Review ArticleLow-level laser therapy for nipple trauma and pain during breastfeeding: systematic review and meta-analysis
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2025;47:e-rbgo3
03-18-2025- Maria Victória Candida Gaitero ,
- Ticiana Aparecida Alves de Mira ,
- Edna Jéssica Lima Gondim ,
- Simony Lira do Nascimento ,
- Fernanda Garanhani Surita
Views40Abstract
Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on nipple trauma and pain during breastfeeding through a systematic review with a meta-analysis of selected studies.
Source of the data:
A thorough search was conducted on March 22, 2022, using the databases PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, PEDro, CINAHL, EMBASE, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Google Scholar, MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, Clinical Trials, Web of Science, TRIP, DARE, and ProQuest. The search terms included various combinations of low-level laser therapy, nipple pain, nipple trauma, and breastfeeding.
Studies selection:
Out of 107 articles identified, only three controlled and randomized clinical trials was included. The extracted data encompassed breast and trauma characteristics, treatment types, outcomes (pain and healing process), evaluation tools, LLLT usage, laser brand, and parameters.
Data collection:
Data extraction was performed using RAYYAN for systematic reviews. The risk of bias in the studies was evaluated.
Data synthesis:
Pain was measured using the visual analog scale (VAS). The included studies did not use validated tools for assessing physical conditions. All studies employed LLLT with a 660-nm wavelength, though there were variations in equipment power, energy dose, and application methods. The meta-analysis revealed an average difference of −0.60 points (95% CI: −1.52 to 0.31) in the VAS pain scores between the LLLT and control groups. No heterogeneity was observed among the studies (I2=0%), indicating no significant difference in pain relief between LLLT (red light) and control groups.
Conclusion:
LLLT may offer a promising option for managing breastfeeding-related complications, though further research is required.
Key-words Breast feedingLaser therapyLow level light therapyLow-level laserNipple painNipple traumaNipplesSee moreThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 
- Maria Victória Candida Gaitero
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Review Article
Clinical repercussions of statin use during pregnancy: a review of the literature
- Joan Lins Serafim ,
- Pedro Lucas Santos de Menezes Teles ,
- Amanda Katharinne Souza Lima ,
- Jéssica dos Santos Coelho ,
- Paloma Luna Maranhão Conrado , [ … ],
- George Alessandro Maranhão Conrado
03-18-2025
Summary
Review ArticleClinical repercussions of statin use during pregnancy: a review of the literature
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2025;47:e-rbgo2
03-18-2025- Joan Lins Serafim ,
- Pedro Lucas Santos de Menezes Teles ,
- Amanda Katharinne Souza Lima ,
- Jéssica dos Santos Coelho ,
- Paloma Luna Maranhão Conrado ,
- Valda Lúcia Moreira Luna ,
- Pauliana Valéria Machado Galvão ,
- George Alessandro Maranhão Conrado
Views27Abstract
Statins are the most widely used pharmacological class for treating hyperlipidemia, although they are contraindicated during pregnancy. This study aims to demonstrate the clinical effects of statins in pregnant women through an interactive review. Fifteen original articles were selected, in English or Portuguese, within of five years. Statins have not been associated with the development of fetal malformations and their use may be useful in preventing unfavorable cardiovascular outcomes, with the potential to reduce oxidative stress and angiogenic dysfunction. However, the use of statins to prevent pre-eclampsia in humans has not been properly clarified and further studies are needed. Pravastatin is considered safer than statins for use during pregnancy.
Key-words Antihypertensive agentsHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase inhibitorsPravastatinPre-eclampsiaPregnancyPregnant womanSee moreThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 
- Joan Lins Serafim
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Review Article
Efficacy of vitamin C supplementation during pregnancy in the prevention of preterm birth: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Ana Gabriela Alves Pereira ,
- Gabriela Oliveira Gonçalves Molino ,
- Ana Clara Felix de Farias Santos ,
- Maírla Marina Ferreira Dias ,
- Nicole dos Santos Pimenta , [ … ],
- Pedro Henrique Costa Matos da Silva
03-18-2025
Summary
Review ArticleEfficacy of vitamin C supplementation during pregnancy in the prevention of preterm birth: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2025;47:e-rbgo1
03-18-2025- Ana Gabriela Alves Pereira ,
- Gabriela Oliveira Gonçalves Molino ,
- Ana Clara Felix de Farias Santos ,
- Maírla Marina Ferreira Dias ,
- Nicole dos Santos Pimenta ,
- Pedro Henrique Costa Matos da Silva
Views32Abstract
Objective:
Preterm birth is a leading global cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity, with oxidative stress playing a role in its pathogenesis. Vitamin C, a powerful antioxidant, may help reduce this risk. This study assessed the effectiveness of vitamin C supplementation, both alone and with vitamin E, in preventing preterm birth compared to a placebo.
Data source:
Databases were systematically searched in PubMed, Cochrane and Embase in December 2023 and updated in May 2024.
Study Selection:
Included RCTs evaluated vitamin C’s effect on preterm birth and related neonatal outcomes.
Data collect:
Statistical analyses used a random-effects model for pooled risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Heterogeneity was assessed with the I² statistic.
Data synthesis:
Seventeen RCTs (21,567 patients) were analyzed. Vitamin C supplementation showed no significant difference compared to placebo for preterm birth (RR 1.04; 95% CI 0.96, 1.14). No significant differences were observed for neonatal death (RR 0.77; 95% CI 0.55, 1.08), NICU admission (RR 1.03; 95% CI 0.95, 1.13), preterm PROM (RR 1.04; 95% CI 0.63, 1.71), or birth weight (MD 52.41; 95% CI −19.65, 124.47). A slight decrease in gestational age was observed (MD 0.26; 95% CI −0.02, 0.55).
Conclusion:
Vitamin C supplementation alone or in combination with vitamin E does not significantly prevent preterm birth or improve related neonatal outcomes.
Key-words Ascorbic acidFetal membranes, premature ruptureGestational ageIntensive care units, neonatalPregnancyPremature birthVitamin C supplementationVitamin ESee moreThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 
- Ana Gabriela Alves Pereira
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FEBRASGO POSITION STATEMENT
Use of synthetic slings in the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence: Number 2 – 2025
- Marair Gracio Ferreira Sartori ,
- Marilene Vale de Castro Monteiro ,
- Cássia Raquel Teatin Juliato ,
- Luiz Gustavo Oliveira Brito ,
- Sergio Brasileiro Martins , [ … ],
- Emerson de Oliveira
03-18-2025
Summary
FEBRASGO POSITION STATEMENTUse of synthetic slings in the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence: Number 2 – 2025
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2025;47:e-FPS2
03-18-2025- Marair Gracio Ferreira Sartori ,
- Marilene Vale de Castro Monteiro ,
- Cássia Raquel Teatin Juliato ,
- Luiz Gustavo Oliveira Brito ,
- Sergio Brasileiro Martins ,
- José Miguel de Deus ,
- Ana Selma Bertelli Picoloto ,
- Jorge Milhem Haddad ,
- Andreisa Paiva Monteiro Bilhar ,
- Leticia Maria de Oliveira ,
- Rafael Mendes Moroni ,
- Lucas Schreiner ,
- Aljerry Dias do Rego ,
- Daniela Siqueira Prado ,
- Emerson de Oliveira
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. - Marair Gracio Ferreira Sartori
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Original Article
Anemia levels in the preconception period and the first trimester of pregnancy: a national, multicentric and cross-sectional study
- Aytaj Jafarzade ,
- Veli Mi̇hmanli ,
- And Yavuz ,
- Murat Akbaş ,
- Gürcan Türkyilmaz , [ … ],
- Muhittin Tamer Mungan
02-13-2025
Summary
Original ArticleAnemia levels in the preconception period and the first trimester of pregnancy: a national, multicentric and cross-sectional study
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2025;47:-e-rbgo1001
02-13-2025DOI 10.61622/rbgo/2025rbgo10001
- Aytaj Jafarzade ,
- Veli Mi̇hmanli ,
- And Yavuz ,
- Murat Akbaş ,
- Gürcan Türkyilmaz ,
- Esra Nur Özkan ,
- Murat İbrahim Toplu ,
- Yücel Kaya ,
- Damla Yasemin Yenli̇k Kaya ,
- Mustafa Yildiz ,
- Ali Emre Ati̇k ,
- Elif İlgazi̇ Kiliç ,
- Burcu Özata ,
- Sehtap Nazlı Kiliç Çeti̇n ,
- Berk Bulut ,
- Halide Gül Okuducu Aydin ,
- Lale Aslanova ,
- Çağdaş Nurettin Emekli̇oğlu ,
- Melike Eren ,
- Elif Uçar ,
- Kaan Eray Uzun ,
- Osman Ufuk Eki̇z ,
- Muhittin Tamer Mungan
Views143Abstract
Objective
The study aimed to determine the level of anemia in pregnant women in the first trimester and in the preconception period by conducting nationwide research.
Methods
The study was designed as retrospective, cross-sectional, and multicenter research. A total of 17 centers from 13 provinces were included in the study. The study was conducted with the participation of two groups of patients who applied to the obstetrics polyclinic between 1 January 2023 and 1 July 2023, who were in the first trimester of pregnancy and who were in the preconception period planning pregnancy.
Results
In total 4,265 women were included in the study. Of these women, 3,884 (91%) were in the first trimester of their pregnancy and 381 (9%) were in the preconception period. Anemia was detected in 24.1% (n=1030) of the patients. Of these patients, 20.6% (n=877) were pregnant women in the first trimester and 3.6% (n=153) were in the preconception period. A statistically significant and positive relationship was found between anemia and meat consumption frequency, educational status, and socioeconomic status of the patients (p=0.000, p=0.000, p=0.000). In addition, a statistically significant and negative correlation was determined between anemia and the number of pregnancies and the parity number (p=0.001, p=0.000) in both groups.
Conclusion
Anemia is a public health problem. Anemia has been determined to be an important problem both in the preconception period and early periods of pregnancy. It is necessary to revise the programs and interventions to reduce the prevalence of anemia and redesign them in line with current conditions.
Key-words Anemia, iron-deficiencypreconception carePregnancy complications, hematologicPregnancy trimester, firstSee moreThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 
- Aytaj Jafarzade
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FEBRASGO POSITION STATEMENT
Menopause in gynecologic cancer survivors: evidence for decision-making
- Agnaldo Lopes da Silva Filho ,
- Mariana Seabra Leite Praça ,
- Rívia Mara Lamaita ,
- Eduardo Batista Cândido ,
- Lucia Helena Simões da Costa Paiva , [ … ],
- Maria Celeste Osório Wender
02-06-2025
Summary
FEBRASGO POSITION STATEMENTMenopause in gynecologic cancer survivors: evidence for decision-making
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2025;47:e-FPS1
02-06-2025- Agnaldo Lopes da Silva Filho ,
- Mariana Seabra Leite Praça ,
- Rívia Mara Lamaita ,
- Eduardo Batista Cândido ,
- Lucia Helena Simões da Costa Paiva ,
- José Maria Soares Júnior ,
- Renato Moretti Marques ,
- Maria Celeste Osório Wender
Views171See moreKey points
• Although advances in the treatment of gynecological cancer have improved survival rates, they may also increase the effects of induced menopause, especially in young women.
• Cancer treatments such as oophorectomy, gonadotoxic chemotherapy, and pelvic radiotherapy can induce menopause.
• Gonadotoxic chemotherapy, especially alkylating-containing regimens, often damages ovarian function and may result in permanent menopause.
• Pelvic radiotherapy usually results in permanent loss of ovarian function unless ovarian transposition is performed.
• Diagnosing menopause after cancer is challenging, and common diagnostic criteria such as 12 months or more of amenorrhea and elevated follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels are not entirely reliable, since ovarian function may return years after treatment.
• A multidisciplinary approach to post-cancer menopause is essential and should include an appropriate line of care, since hormone replacement therapy after treatment of gynecologic malignancy is controversial.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 
- Agnaldo Lopes da Silva Filho
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Original Article
A comparison of the efficacy of the effect of online versus face-to-face group counseling based on positive-approach on sexual intimacy of women after benign abdominal hysterectomy: a clinical trial
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2025;47:e-rbgo102
01-23-2025
Summary
Original ArticleA comparison of the efficacy of the effect of online versus face-to-face group counseling based on positive-approach on sexual intimacy of women after benign abdominal hysterectomy: a clinical trial
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2025;47:e-rbgo102
01-23-2025Views197See moreAbstract
Objective
The study investigates the influence of positive-approach counseling through both online and face-to-face group therapy on the sexual intimacy of women after benign complete abdominal hysterectomy, addressing challenges such as the loss of femininity and other psychosexual complications that disrupt the couple’s relationship post-surgery.
Methods
This is a parallel clinical trial, conducted in 2023 in Yazd, Iran; with sixty-six participants post- benign complete abdominal hysterectomy were randomly assigned to online and face-to-face counseling groups. Each group had eight 90-minute sessions, and data were collected using demographic and intimacy scale (IS) questionnaires at baseline, eighth week, and twelfth week follow-up. Statistical analysis used SPSS version 23 (P < 0.05).
Results
In the Online Group, the mean sexual intimacy score significantly increased from 72.42 ± 9.05 to 87.06 ± 7.98 at eight weeks and 90.30 ± 8.23 at twelve weeks (P < 0.001). In the Face-to-Face Group, the mean score increased from 70.21 ± 6.75 to 81.24 ± 5.55 at eight weeks and 85.03 ± 5.40 at twelve weeks (P < 0.001). Online counseling proved more effective than face-to-face counseling in enhancing sexual intimacy (P = 0.043).
Conclusion
Online and face-to-face counseling based on the positive approach improved sexual intimacy in women with a history of benign hysterectomy. Moreover, it seems that online counseling was more effective, so it is recommended that this method be employed in follow-up sessions after hysterectomy. Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials – IRCT20230209057373N1
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 
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