Articles - Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia

Trabalhos Originais
Estimation of Fetal Weight: Comparison Between a Clinical Method and Ultrasonography
- Alexandre Faisal Cury,
- Sidney A. L. Garcia
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(10):551-555
04-05-1998

Views61

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Summary
Trabalhos Originais
Estimation of Fetal Weight: Comparison Between a Clinical Method and Ultrasonography
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(10):551-555
04-05-1998
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72031998001000002
Alexandre Faisal Cury,
Sidney A. L. Garcia
Views61
Purpose: to assess the validity of fetal weight estimation by a method based on uterine height — Johnson’s rule. Methods: one hundred and one pregnant women and their newborn children were studied. The fetal weight was estimated using an adaptation of Johnson’s rule, which consists of the clinical application of a mathematical model to calculate the fetal weight based on the uterine height and the height of fetal presentation. The estimated weight was obtained on the day of delivery and was compared to the weight observed after birth. This, in turn, was the control of the analysis of validity of the method used. On the same date, a detailed obstetrical ultrasonography (US) was conducted which included the fetal weight, calculated by the use of Sheppard’s tables. This weight, estimated by US, was compared to the birth weight. Results: the results have proven that the clinical estimate used in this study has a similar value to that of the US calculation of birth weight. The accuracy of the clinical method, with variations of 5%, 10% and 15% between estimated and observed weights, was 55.3%, 73% and 86.7%, respectively. Those of the US were 60.7%, 75.4% and 91.1%, respectively. When comparing both sets of figures, values were not different from a statistical standpoint. Conclusion: the clinical evaluation has shown to be accurate, similarly to the US, when calculating the birth weight.

Key-words Fetal weight Normal pregnancy Ultrasonography
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Resumos de Teses
Indice de líquido amniótico em gestantes diabéticas e a qualidade do controle glicêmico na gestação
- Fábio Sgarbosa
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(8):485-485
04-05-1998

Views39

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Summary
Resumos de Teses
Indice de líquido amniótico em gestantes diabéticas e a qualidade do controle glicêmico na gestação
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(8):485-485
04-05-1998
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72031998000800011
Fábio Sgarbosa
Views39
Indice de Líquido Amniótico em Gestantes Diabéticas e a Qualidade do Controle Glicêmico na Gestação.[…]
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Resumos de Teses
Avaliação do grau nuclear da célula maligna da mama como parâmetro de atividade proliferativa tumoral: comparação com a expressão do antígeno nuclear de proliferação celular (PCNA/ciclina)
- Luiz Ayrton Santos Júnior
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(8):485-485
04-05-1998

Views51

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Summary
Resumos de Teses
Avaliação do grau nuclear da célula maligna da mama como parâmetro de atividade proliferativa tumoral: comparação com a expressão do antígeno nuclear de proliferação celular (PCNA/ciclina)
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(8):485-485
04-05-1998
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72031998000800010
Luiz Ayrton Santos Júnior
Views51
Avaliação do Grau Nuclear da Célula Maligna da Mama como Parâmetro de Atividade Proliferativa Tumoral: Comparação com a Expressão do Antígeno Nuclear de Proliferação Celular (PCNA/ciclina).[…]
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Relato de Casos
Prenatal diagnosis of arthrogryposis multiplex congenita: a case report
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(8):481-484
04-05-1998

Views60

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Summary
Relato de Casos
Prenatal diagnosis of arthrogryposis multiplex congenita: a case report
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(8):481-484
04-05-1998
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72031998000800009
Carlos Augusto Alencar Júnior,
Francisco Edson de Lucena Feitosa,
Mac Gontei,
Sammya Bezerra Maia,
Dalgimar Beserra de Meneses
Views60
Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita is characterized by multiple joint contractures present at birth. Prenatal diagnosis is difficult. There are few reports in the literature. Fetal akinesia, abnormal limb position, intrauterine growth retardation, and polyhydramnios are the main findings of the ultrasonographic diagnosis. The authors describe a case of arthrogryposis multiplex congenita ultrasonographically diagnosed in the third gestational trimester. The main findings were absence of fetal movements, polyhydramnios, symmetrical and non-symmetrical fetal growth retardation with marked decrease of abdominal and thoracic circumference, low-set ears, micrognathia, continuous flexure contracture of limbs, internal rotation of the femur, and clubfoot on the right.

Key-words Fetal malformation prenatal diagnosis Ultrasonography
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Trabalhos Originais
Screening of breast cancer metastasis at preoperative work-up
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(8):475-479
04-05-1998

Views108

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Summary
Trabalhos Originais
Screening of breast cancer metastasis at preoperative work-up
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(8):475-479
04-05-1998
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72031998000800008
Maria Bethânia da Costa Chein,
Luciane Maria Oliveira Brito,
Simão Rotstein,
Luiz Henrique Gebrim,
Aldo Franklin F Reis,
Luciana Dessen Padilha
Views108
Purpose: to analyze the frequency of preoperative bilateral synchronic cancer and occult metastases in 454 operable breast cancer patients, at Instituto Nacional de Câncer (Brazil). Methods: the preoperative evaluation consisted of mammography, bone scan with X-ray if necessary, and chest X-ray. 260 (57.3 %) of 454 patients underwent liver echography. We calculated the cost X effectiveness ratio considering only the direct costs (monetary value) and the effectiveness was analyzed based on the number of metastases identifid by the screening tests. Results: we did not find any case of bilateral synchronic cancer, and the frequency of patients with metastasis was 2% (9/454). The diagnosis of bone metastasis was 1.5 % (7/454). The percentage of lung (2/454) and liver (1/260) metastasis was the same, 0.4 %. Most of the patients with metastases were in stage IIIb (44.5 %). The results of the screening tests showed the alteration of the initial clinical stage in 9 patients only (2%). The total cost of the screening tests for the diagnosis of systemic disease in 9 patients, was US$ 131,020.00. The cost of each diagnosed metastasise, for a total of 10 (two were found in one of the patients), was US$ 29,221.85 and the cost/effectiveness ratio was 22.3%. Conclusious: the results showed that screening for metastases in the preoperative clinical staging of breast cancer should be limited to patients symptomatic for systemic disease or in clinical stage III and that the cost/effectiveness ratio of the tests demonstrated a reduced benefit in the preoperative evaluation.

Key-words Breast cancer Health care costs Metastasis Ultrasonography
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Trabalhos Originais
Second-degree family history as a risk factor for breast cancer
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(8):469-473
04-05-1998

Views109

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Summary
Trabalhos Originais
Second-degree family history as a risk factor for breast cancer
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(8):469-473
04-05-1998
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72031998000800007
Rafael Marques de Souza,
Anderson Rech Lazzaron,
Rafael Defferrari,
Álvaro A. Borba,
Luciana Scherer,
Antônio L. Frasson
Views109
Purpose: to evaluate the association between second-degree family history of breast cancer and the risk to develop the disease. Methods: case-control study of incident cases. Sixty-six incident breast cancer cases and 198 controls were selected among women who were submitted to mammography in a private clinic between January 1994 and July 1997. Cases and controls were paired regarding age, age at menarche, at first live birth, at menopause, parity, oral contraceptives and use of hormonal replacement therapy. Results: there was no significant difference between cases and controls regarding all risk factors evaluated, besides second-degree family history. Patients with breast cancer were more likely to have second-degree relatives with breast cancer when compared to controls (OR=2.77; 95% CI, 1.03-7.38; p=0.039). Conclusions: malignant neoplasm of the breast is significantly associated with a second-degree family history of this disease.

Key-words Breast neoplasms Heredity Risk factors
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Trabalhos Originais
Fine needle aspiration biopsy: performance in the differential diagnosis of palpable breast masses
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(8):463-467
04-05-1998

Views42

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Summary
Trabalhos Originais
Fine needle aspiration biopsy: performance in the differential diagnosis of palpable breast masses
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(8):463-467
04-05-1998
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72031998000800006
Orlando José de Almeida,
Marcelo Alvarenga,
José Guilherme Cecatti,
Jessé de Paula Neves Jorge,
Júlia Kawamura Tambascia
Views42
Purpose: to evaluate, in a prospective way, the performance of the fine needle aspiration biopsy in the differential diagnosis of palpable breast masses. Method: the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values for this test were evaluated in 102 women with age above 30 years and a palpable breast mass, who were attended at the University of Campinas. All punctures were performed by the same examiner. Results: the procedure had a sensitivity of 97%, specificity of 87%, positive predictive value of 94% and negative predictive value of 93%. The insufficient or unsatisfactory sample rate was 16% for the first aspiration, decreasing to 2% with a new procedure. Conclusions: this test showed to be highly sensitive and specific for the differential diagnosis of palpable breast masses, reassuring its great importance for the clinical approach of palpable masses.

Key-words Breast cancer Fine needle aspiration biopsy
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Trabalhos Originais
A randomized trial of misoprostol and placebo for cervical ripening and induction of labor
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(8):457-462
04-05-1998

Views86

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Summary
Trabalhos Originais
A randomized trial of misoprostol and placebo for cervical ripening and induction of labor
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(8):457-462
04-05-1998
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72031998000800005
Renata Murad Macedo,
Ivete de Ávila,
Manuel Maurício Gonçalves
Views86
Objective: to determine the efficacy and safety of misoprostol for cervical ripening and induction of labor in pregnant women at term when compared with placebo. Patients and Methods: fifty-one high-risk pregnant women at term, with unripe cervix, were allocated in a double-blind trial for treatment with intravaginal misoprostol (40 mg, 4/4 h) or intravaginal placebo. Results: thirty-two patients received misoprostol and 19 received placebo. The groups were homogeneous concerning maternal age, gestacional age, parity, and indication for induction (p > 0.05). In the misoprostol group the efficacy was 87.5% and in the placebo group 21.1% (p = 0.0000087). Regarding delivery, in the misoprostol group 75% had vaginal delivery and 25% abdominal delivery, and in the placebo group only 32% had vaginal delivery and 68% abdominal delivery (p = 0.0059).The Apgar score was similar. Conclusion: in this study misoprostol was effective and safe for cervical ripening and induction of labor.

Key-words Cervical ripening High risk pregnancy Induction of labor Pregnancy interruption Prostaglandin
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Original Article
Skeletal muscle mass obtained by anthropometric equation and presence of sarcopenia in postmenopausal women
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgo9
00-00-2024

Views392

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Summary
Original Article
Skeletal muscle mass obtained by anthropometric equation and presence of sarcopenia in postmenopausal women
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgo9
00-00-2024
DOI 10.61622/rbgo/2024AO09
Thaís Loureiro Felipe ,
Patrícia Paula da Fonseca Grili ,
Camila Vilarinho Vidigal ,
Ben-Hur Albergaria ,
Geise Ferreira da Cruz ,
José Luiz Marques-Rocha ,
Valdete Regina Guandalini
Views392
Abstract

Objective:

To analyze the amount of muscle and the presence of sarcopenia in postmenopausal women using different methods, verifying the agreement between them as to skeletal muscle mass (SMM).

Methods:

This cross-sectional observational study was conducted with postmenopausal women aged ≥ 50 years. SMM was obtained from a predictive equation, Bioelectrical Impedance (BIA), and Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA). The skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) and the appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) were calculated. The cut-off point of SMI was determined for the population itself. The agreement between the SMI obtained using the different methods was verified. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the criteria proposed by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2). The significance level adopted for all tests was 5.0%.

Results:

A total of 112 women were evaluated, with an average age of 66.1 ± 5.65 years. Among them, 51.8% were sufficiently active and 43.8% were overweight and obese. The SMI cut-offs were 6.46 kg/m² for the predictive equation and 7.66 kg/m² for BIA, with high sensitivity and specificity. There was an excellent agreement in the identification of SMM by the predictive equation (0.89 [0.824-0.917], p < 0.001) and BIA (0.92 [0.883-0.945], p < 0.001), in reference to DXA. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 0.9%, 1.8%, and 2.7% according to BIA, DXA, and the predictive equation, respectively.

Conclusion:

The predictive equation showed the expected agreement in estimating skeletal muscle mass in postmenopausal women, offering a viable and accurate alternative.

Key-words Anthropometry Bioelectrical impedance Body composition Muscle mass Obesity Overweight Postmenopause sarcopenia Skeletal Muscle
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Original Article
Sociodemographic and reproductive risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome in a population of Brazilian women from the city of Ribeirão Preto: a cross-sectional study
- Ênio Luis Damaso ,
- Heloisa Bettiol ,
- Viviane Cunha Cardoso ,
- Mariane Nunes de Nadai ,
- Elaine Christine Dantas Moisés ,
- Ricardo Carvalho Cavalli
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgo8
00-00-2024

Views384

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Summary
Original Article
Sociodemographic and reproductive risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome in a population of Brazilian women from the city of Ribeirão Preto: a cross-sectional study
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgo8
00-00-2024
DOI 10.61622/rbgo/2024AO08
Ênio Luis Damaso ,
Heloisa Bettiol ,
Viviane Cunha Cardoso ,
Mariane Nunes de Nadai ,
Elaine Christine Dantas Moisés ,
Carolina Sales Vieira ,
Ricardo Carvalho Cavalli
Views384
Abstract

Objective:

To identify sociodemographic and reproductive risk factors associated with MetS in women in their fourth decade of life.

Methods:

Cohort study conducted on women born from June 1978 to May 1979 in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. Sociodemographic, clinical, and obstetric data were collected by interview and clinical evaluation. Univariable and multivariable binomial logistic regression models were constructed to identify the risk factors of metabolic syndrome and the adjusted relative risk (RR) was calculated.

Results:

The cohort included 916 women, and 286 (31.2%) of them have metabolic syndrome. MetS was associated with lack of paid work (RR 1.49; 95% CI 1.14-1.95), marital status of without a partner (RR 1.33; 95% CI 1.03-1.72), low educational level (less than 8 years of schooling [RR 1.72; 95% CI 1.23-2.41], 8 to 12 years of schooling [RR 1.37; 95% CI 1.06-1.76], when compared with more than 12 years of schooling), and teenage pregnancy (RR 2.00; 95% CI 1.45-2.77). There was no association between MetS, and the other covariates studied.

Conclusion:

Metabolic syndrome in a population of women in the fourth decade of life was associated with lack of employment, lack of a partner, low educational level, and teenage pregnancy.

Key-words cohort study metabolic syndrome Obesity Risk factors
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Original Article
Impact of doula’s continuous support on serotonin release in parturients: a pilot randomized clinical trial
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgo27
04-09-2024

Views382

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Summary
Original Article
Impact of doula’s continuous support on serotonin release in parturients: a pilot randomized clinical trial
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgo27
04-09-2024
DOI 10.61622/rbgo/2024rbgo27
Eleonora de Deus Vieira de Moraes ,
Mayara Segundo Ribeiro ,
Cíntia Erbert ,
Caio Antonio de Campos Prado ,
Elaine Christine Dantas Moisés
Views382
Abstract

Objective:

To evaluate whether the continuous support provided by doulas influences the endogenous release of serotonin in parturients.

Methods:

This pilot study included 24 primigravidae at term. Of these, 12 women received continuous doula support (Experimental Group), whereas the other 12 received the usual assistance without doula support (Control Group). Blood samples were collected from all the women at the active and expulsion stages of labor and at the fourth period of labor (Greenberg period) for evaluation of their serotonin levels using high-performance liquid chromatography.

Results:

The average serotonin concentrations in the control and experimental groups were respectively 159.33 and 150.02 ng/mL at the active stage, 179.13 and 162.65 ng/mL at the expulsion stage, and 198.94 and 221.21 ng/mL at the Greenberg period. There were no statistically significant differences in serotonin concentrations between the two groups at the active and expulsion stages of labor. By contrast, within the experimental group, a significant increase in serotonin concentration was observed in the Greenberg period compared with the levels in the active and expulsion stages (p < 0.05).

Conclusion:

The novelty of this study relies on the ability to correlate the influence of the continuous support offered by doulas with the release of serotonin in parturients, with the results suggesting that the assistance received during labor can modulate the levels of hormone release in the Greenberg period.

Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials:

RBR-4zjjm4h

Key-words Doulas Humanized delivery Labor Pregnant women Serotonin
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Editorial
RBGO – A journal to support gynecology and obstetrics research in Latin America
- Marcos Felipe Silva de Sá
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgoedt1
00-00-2024

Views377

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Summary
Editorial
RBGO – A journal to support gynecology and obstetrics research in Latin America
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgoedt1
00-00-2024
DOI 10.61622/rbgo/2024EDT01
Marcos Felipe Silva de Sá
Views377
In 2016, the Brazilian Federation of the Gynecology and Obstetrics Associations – FEBRASGO began a major restructuring process of the RBGO – Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia with significant changes in its editorial policy. Since that date, after the editorial board was reformulated, the articles began to be published in English with absolute regularity […]
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Original Article
Outcomes after elevation of serratus anterior fascia flap versus serratus muscle flap in direct-to-implant breast reconstruction following mastectomy: a prospective study
- Lilian de Sá Paz Ramos ,
- Jorge Villanova Biazús
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgo13
00-00-2024

Views368

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Summary
Original Article
Outcomes after elevation of serratus anterior fascia flap versus serratus muscle flap in direct-to-implant breast reconstruction following mastectomy: a prospective study
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgo13
00-00-2024
DOI 10.61622/rbgo/2024AO13
Lilian de Sá Paz Ramos ,
Jorge Villanova Biazús
Views368
Abstract

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to compare postoperative pain between SF flap and serratus anterior muscle (SM) in direct-to-implant breast reconstruction.

Methods:

This is a prospective cohort study that included 53 women diagnosed with breast cancer who underwent mastectomy and one-stage implant-based breast reconstruction from January 2020 to March 2021. Twenty-nine patients (54.7%) had SF elevation, and 24 patients (45.3%) underwent SM elevation. We evaluated patient-reported early postoperative pain on the first day after surgery. Also, it was reported that all surgical complications in the first month and patient reported outcomes (PROs) were measured with the BRECON 23 questionnaire.

Results:

The serratus fascia group used implants with larger volumes, 407.6 ± 98.9 cc (p < 0.01). There was no significant difference between the fascial and muscular groups regarding the postoperative pain score reported by the patients (2 versus 3; p = 0.30). Also, there was no difference between the groups regarding early surgical complications and PROs after breast reconstruction.

Conclusion:

The use of SF seems to cause less morbidity, which makes the technique an alternative to be considered in breast reconstruction. Although there was no statistical difference in postoperative pain scores between the fascia and serratus muscle groups.

Key-words Breast implants Breast neoplasms breast reconstruction Fascia Mastectomy Pain Postoperative period
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Original Article/Infertility
The Role of Thyroid Hormones, Vitamins, and Microelements in Female Infertility
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2023;45(11):683-688
12-05-2023

Views364

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Summary
Original Article/Infertility
The Role of Thyroid Hormones, Vitamins, and Microelements in Female Infertility
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2023;45(11):683-688
12-05-2023
DOI 10.1055/s-0043-1772478
Aghayeva Sveta ,
Murat Sonmezer ,
Yavuz Emre Şükür ,
Aytaj Jafarzade
Views364
Abstract

Objective

It is well known that female infertility is multifactorial. Therefore, we aimed to compare the effects of thyroid dysfunction, vitamin deficiency, and microelement deficiency in fertile and infertile patients.

Materials and Methods

Between May 1st, 2017, and April 1st, 2019, we conducted a retrospective case-control study with of 380 infertile and 346 pregnant patients (who normally fertile and able to conceive spontaneously). The fertile patients were selected among those who got pregnant spontaneously without treatment, had a term birth, and did not have systemic or obstetric diseases. The levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO), vitamin D, vitamin B12, folic acid, ferritin, and zinc of both groups were compared.

Results

There was no difference between patients in the infertile and pregnant groups in terms of low normal and high serum T3 and T4 levels (p = 0.938; p > 0.05) respectively, nor in terms of normal and high anti-TPO levels (p = 0.182; p > 0.05) respectively. There was no significant difference regarding patients with low, insufficient, and sufficient vitamin D levels in the infertile and pregnant groups (p = 0.160; p >0.05) respectively. The levels of folic acid, ferritin, and zinc of the infertile group were significantly lower than those of the pregnant group.

Conclusion

The serum levels of folic acid, ferritin, and zinc in infertile patients presenting to our outpatient clinic were lower than those o the fertile patients.

Key-words ferritin Folic acid Infertility thyroid hormones Vitamin B12 vitamin D zinc
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Review Article
Timing of semen cryopreservation: before or after processing?
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgo36
04-09-2024

Views355

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Summary
Review Article
Timing of semen cryopreservation: before or after processing?
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgo36
04-09-2024
DOI 10.61622/rbgo/2024rbgo36
Ana Paula de Souza Kussler ,
Ivan Cunha Bustamante Filho ,
Elisa Negri ,
Edison Capp ,
Helena von Eye Corleta
Views355
Abstract

Objective:

Seminal cryopreservation causes significant damage to the sperm; therefore, different methods of cryopreservation have been studied. The aim of the study was to compare the effects of density gradient processing and washing/centrifugation with seminal plasma removal for cryopreservation in semen parameters.

Methods:

Seminal samples of 26 normozoospermic patients were divided into 3 parts: with seminal plasma; after washing/centrifugation; and after selection through density gradient. The samples were cryopreserved for at least two weeks. Motility, sperm count, morphology and viability were evaluated before cryopreservation and after thawing.

Results:

Density gradient processing selected motile and viable sperm with normal morphology in fresh samples (p<0.05). Cryopreservation negatively affected all sperm parameters regardless of the processing performed, and even if the sperm recovery was lower in the density gradient after the thawing, progressive motility, total motility, viability and morphology remained higher (p<0.05).

Conclusion:

Cryopreservation significantly compromises sperm parameters (motility, morphology, viability). In normozoospermic patients, the density gradients select better quality spermatozoa compared to other processing methods; this benefit was kept after thawing.

Key-words Centrifugation Cryopreservation Density gradient Semen Seminal plasma Sperm count Sperm wash Spermatozoa
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Original Article
Comparison of medical image interpretation time between conventional and automated methods of breast ultrasound
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgo15
00-00-2024

Views352

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Summary
Original Article
Comparison of medical image interpretation time between conventional and automated methods of breast ultrasound
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgo15
00-00-2024
DOI 10.61622/rbgo/2024AO15
Katyane Larissa Alves ,
Ruffo Freitas Junior ,
Régis Resende Paulinelli ,
Marcus Nascimento Borges
Views352
Abstract

Objective:

To compare the medical image interpretation’s time between the conventional and automated methods of breast ultrasound in patients with breast lesions. Secondarily, to evaluate the agreement between the two methods and interobservers.

Methods:

This is a cross-sectional study with prospective data collection. The agreement’s degrees were established in relation to the breast lesions’s ultrasound descriptors. To determine the accuracy of each method, a biopsy of suspicious lesions was performed, considering the histopathological result as the diagnostic gold standard.

Results:

We evaluated 27 women. Conventional ultrasound used an average medical time of 10.77 minutes (± 2.55) greater than the average of 7.38 minutes (± 2.06) for automated ultrasound (p<0.001). The degrees of agreement between the methods ranged from 0.75 to 0.95 for researcher 1 and from 0.71 to 0.98 for researcher 2. Among the researchers, the degrees of agreement were between 0.63 and 1 for automated ultrasound and between 0.68 and 1 for conventional ultrasound. The area of the ROC curve for the conventional method was 0.67 (p=0.003) for researcher 1 and 0.72 (p<0.001) for researcher 2. The area of the ROC curve for the automated method was 0. 69 (p=0.001) for researcher 1 and 0.78 (p<0.001) for researcher 2.

Conclusion:

We observed less time devoted by the physician to automated ultrasound compared to conventional ultrasound, maintaining accuracy. There was substantial or strong to perfect interobserver agreement and substantial or strong to almost perfect agreement between the methods.

Key-words Breast neoplasms breast ultrasound Diagnostic imaging three-dimensional imaging
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Review Article
Pregestational Diabetes and Congenital Heart Defects
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2022;44(10):953-961
01-23-2022

Views246

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Summary
Review Article
Pregestational Diabetes and Congenital Heart Defects
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2022;44(10):953-961
01-23-2022
DOI 10.1055/s-0042-1755458
Catarina Maduro ,
Luís Ferreira de Castro ,
Maria Lúcia Moleiro ,
Luís Guedes-Martins
Views246
Abstract

Studies have consistently shown a significant increase in the risk of congenital heart defects in the offspring of diabetic mothers compared with those of nondiabetic pregnancies. Evidence points that all types of pregestational diabetes have the capacity of generating cardiac malformations in a more accentuated manner than in gestational diabetes, and there seems to be an increased risk for all congenital heart defects phenotypes in the presence of maternal diabetes. Currently, the application of some therapies is under study in an attempt to reduce the risks inherent to diabetic pregnancies; however, it has not yet been possible to fully prove their effectiveness. The present review aims to better understand the mechanisms that govern the association between pregestational diabetes and congenital heart defects and how maternal diabetes interferes with fetal cardiac development, as there is still a long way to go in the investigation of this complex process.

Key-words congenital heart defects Diabetes mellitus Hyperglycemia pregestational diabetes
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Review Article
Prevalence of Preeclampsia in Brazil: An Integrative Review
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2022;44(7):686-691
02-09-2022

Views247

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Summary
Review Article
Prevalence of Preeclampsia in Brazil: An Integrative Review
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2022;44(7):686-691
02-09-2022
DOI 10.1055/s-0042-1742680
José Paulo de Siqueira Guida ,
Beatriz Gadioli de Andrade ,
Luis Gabriel Ferreira Pissinatti ,
Bruna Fagundes Rodrigues ,
Caio Augusto Hartman ,
Maria Laura Costa
Views247
Abstract

Objective

To review literature and estimate the occurrence of preeclampsia and its complications in Brazil.

Methods

We performed an integrative review of the literature, and included observational studies published until August 2021 on the SciELO and PubMed databases that evaluated preeclampsia among pregnant women in Brazil. Other variables of interests were maternal death, neonatal death, hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count (HELLP) syndrome, and eclampsia. Three independent reviewers evaluated all retrieved studies and selected those that met inclusion criteria. A metanalysis of the prevalence of preeclampsia and eclampsia was also performed, to estimate a pooled frequency of those conditions among the studies included.

Results

We retrieved 304 studies after the initial search; of those, 10 were included in the final analysis, with a total of 52,986 women considered. The pooled prevalence of preeclampsia was of 6.7%, with a total of 2,988 cases reported. The frequency of eclampsia ranged from 1.7% to 6.2%, while the occurrence of HELLP syndrome was underreported. Prematurity associated to hypertensive disorders ranged from 0.5% to 1.72%.

Conclusion

The frequency of preeclampsia was similar to that reported in other international studies, and it is increasing in Brazil, probably due to the adoption of new diagnostic criteria. The development of a national surveillance network would be essential to understand the problem of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in Brazil.

Key-words Brazil Epidemiology Preeclampsia
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Original Article
Increased Cesarean Section Rates during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Looking for Reasons through the Robson Ten Group Classification System
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2023;45(7):371-376
09-08-2023

Views133

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Summary
Original Article
Increased Cesarean Section Rates during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Looking for Reasons through the Robson Ten Group Classification System
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2023;45(7):371-376
09-08-2023
DOI 10.1055/s-0043-1772182
Cassia Elane Berbel da Silva ,
Jose Paulo Siqueira Guida ,
Maria Laura Costa
Views133
Abstract

Objective

To compare cesarean section (CS) rates according to the Robson Ten Group Classification System (RTGCS) and its indications in pregnant women admitted for childbirth during the first wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic with those of the previous year.

Materials and Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional study to compare women admitted for childbirth from April to October 2019 (before the pandemic) and from March to September 2020 (during the pandemic). The CSs and their indications were classified on admission according to the RTGCS, and we also collected data on the route of delivery (vaginal or CS). Both periods were compared using the Chi-squared (χ²) test or the Fisher exact test.

Results

In total, 2,493 women were included, 1,291 in the prepandemic and 1,202 in the pandemic period. There was a a significant increase in the CS rate (from 39.66% to 44.01%; p = 0.028), mostly due to maternal request (from 9.58% to 25.38%; p < 0.01). Overall, groups 5 and 2 contributed the most to the CS rates. The rates decreased among group 1 and increased among group 2 during the pandemic, with no changes in group 10.

Conclusion

There was an apparent change in the RTGSC comparing both periods, with a significant increase in CS rates, mainly by maternal request, most likely because of changes during the pandemic and uncertainties and fear concerning COVID-19.

Key-words cesarean section rates COVID-19 robson classification
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Original Article
Sexual Function and Associated Factors in Postmenopausal Women
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2021;43(7):522-529
10-18-2021

Views183

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Summary
Original Article
Sexual Function and Associated Factors in Postmenopausal Women
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2021;43(7):522-529
10-18-2021
DOI 10.1055/s-0041-1735128
Socorro Rejany Sales Silva Trento ,
Alberto Madeiro ,
Andréa Cronemberger Rufino
Views183
Abstract

Objective

To assess the sexual function and associated factors in postmenopausal women.

Methods

This a descriptive, cross-sectional study with 380 women aged 40 to 65 years, users of public health services in 2019. Questionnaires were applied on demographic characteristics, on climacteric symptoms (menopause rating scale) and on sexual function (sexual quotient, female version). Bivariate andmultiple analyses by logistic regression were performed, with adjusted odds ratios (OR_ad) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs).

Results

More than half (243/64%) of the participating women were at risk of sexual dysfunction, with lower scores in the domains of sexual desire and interest, comfort, orgasm, and satisfaction. Women with a partner (OR_ad 2.07; 95%CI 1.03-4.17) and those who reported sleep problems (OR_ad 2.72; 95%CI 1.77-4.19), depressed mood (OR_ad 2.03; 95%CI 1.32-3.10), sexual complaints (OR_ad 8.16; 95%CI 5.06-13.15), and vaginal dryness (OR_ad 3.44; 95%CI 2.22-5.32) showed greater chance of sexual dysfunction.

Conclusion

There was a high prevalence of sexual dysfunction, with the influence of conjugality and climacteric symptoms on sexual function.

Key-words climateric Postmenopause psychological sexual dysfunctions Sexuality Women's health
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Systematic Review
Vertical Transmission of SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2021;43(3):207-215
05-24-2021

Views186

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Summary
Systematic Review
Vertical Transmission of SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2021;43(3):207-215
05-24-2021
DOI 10.1055/s-0040-1722256
Ionara Diniz Evangelista Santos Barcelos ,
Ivan Andrade de Araújo Penna ,
Adriana de Góes Soligo ,
Zelma Bernardes Costa ,
Wellington Paula Martins
Views186
Abstract

Objective

The evaluation of the available evidence on vertical transmission by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV)-2.

Data Sources

An electronic search was performed on June 13, 2020 on the Embase, PubMed and Scopus databases using the following search terms: (Coronavirus OR COVID-19 OR COVID19 OR SARS-CoV-2 OR SARS-CoV2 OR SARSCoV2) AND (vertical OR pregnancy OR fetal).

Selection of Studies

The electronic search resulted in a total of 2,073 records. Titles and abstracts were reviewed by two authors (WPM, IDESB), who checked for duplicates using the pre-established criteria for screening (studies published in English without limitation regarding the date or the status of the publication).

Data Collection

Data extraction was performed in a standardized way, and the final eligibility was assessed by reading the full text of the articles. We retrieved data regarding the delivery of the potential cases of vertical transmission, as well as themain findings and conclusions of systematic reviews.

Data Synthesis

The 2,073 records were reviewed; 1,000 duplicates and 896 clearly not eligible records were excluded. We evaluated the full text of 177 records, and identified only 9 suspected cases of possible vertical transmission. The only case with sufficient evidence of vertical transmission was reported in France.

Conclusion

The risk of vertical transmission by SARS-CoV-2 is probably very low. Despite several thousands of affected pregnant women, we have identified only one case that has fulfilled sufficient criteria to be confirmed as a case of vertical transmission. Well-designed observational studies evaluating large samples are still necessary to determine the risk of vertical transmission depending on the gestational age at infection.

Key-words COVID-19 Maternal morbidity Perinatal outcomes SARS-CoV-2 Vertical transmission
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Original Article
The COVID-19 Pandemic Impact on Breast Cancer Diagnosis: A Retrospective Study
- Erika Marina Solla Negrao ,
- Cesar Cabello ,
- Livia Conz ,
- Edmundo Carvalho Mauad ,
- Luiz Carlos Zeferino ,
- Diama Bhadra Vale
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2022;44(9):871-877
06-06-2022

Views208

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Summary
Original Article
The COVID-19 Pandemic Impact on Breast Cancer Diagnosis: A Retrospective Study
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2022;44(9):871-877
06-06-2022
DOI 10.1055/s-0042-1749207
Erika Marina Solla Negrao ,
Cesar Cabello ,
Livia Conz ,
Edmundo Carvalho Mauad ,
Luiz Carlos Zeferino ,
Diama Bhadra Vale
Views208
Abstract

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic profile of breast cancer cases during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic compared with the previous year.

Methods

It is a retrospective study of cases diagnosed by a reference service in the public health system of Campinas, SP, Brazil. Two periods were analyzed: March to October 2019 (preCOVID period) and March to October 2020 (COVID-period). All women diagnosed during the periods were included. The Chi-Squared or Fisher exact and Mann-Whitney tests were used.

Results

In the preCOVID and COVID periods, breast cancers were diagnosed, respectively, in 115 vs 59 women, and the mean ages at diagnosis were 55 and 57 years (p = 0.339). In the COVID period, the family history of breast cancer was more observed (9.6% vs 29.8%, p < 0.001), cases were more frequently symptomatic (50.4% vs 79.7%, p < 0.001) and had more frequently palpable masses (56.5% vs 79.7%, p = 0.003). In symptomatic women, the mean number of days from symptom to mammography were 233.6 (458.3) in 2019 and 152.1 (151.5) in 2020 (p = 0.871). Among invasive tumors, the proportion of breast cancers in stages I and II was slightly higher in the COVID period, although not significantly (76.7% vs 82.4%, p = 0.428). Also in the COVID period, the frequency of luminal A-like tumors was lower (29.2% vs 11.8%, p = 0.018), of triple-negative tumors was twice as high (10.1% vs 21.6%, p = 0.062), and of estrogen receptor-positive tumors was lower (82.2% vs 66.0%, p = 0.030).

Conclusion

During the COVID-19 pandemic, breast cancer diagnoses were reduced. Cases detected were suggestive of a worse prognosis: symptomatic women with palpable masses and more aggressive subtypes. Indolent tumors were those more sensitive to the interruption in screening.

Key-words Breast neoplasms COVID-19 early detection of cancer Mammography Quality of health care
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Review Article
Morphology and Biochemistry of Ovulation Morfologia e bioquímica da ovulação
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2021;43(6):480-486
07-27-2021

Views210

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Summary
Review Article
Morphology and Biochemistry of Ovulation Morfologia e bioquímica da ovulação
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2021;43(6):480-486
07-27-2021
DOI 10.1055/s-0041-1731379
Sebastião Freitas de Medeiros ,
Bruna Barcelo Barbosa ,
Matheus Antonio Souto de Medeiros ,
Márcia Marly Winck Yamamoto
Views210
Abstract

The process of ovulation involves multiple and iterrelated genetic, biochemical, and morphological events: cessation of the proliferation of granulosa cells, resumption of oocyte meiosis, expansion of cumulus cell-oocyte complexes, digestion of the follicle wall, and extrusion of the metaphase-II oocyte. The present narrative review examines these interrelated steps in detail. The combined or isolated roles of the folliclestimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) are highlighted. Genes indiced by the FSH genes are relevant in the cumulus expansion, and LH-induced genes are critical for the resumption ofmeiosis and digestion of the follicle wall. A nonhuman model for follicle-wall digestion and oocyte release was provided.

Key-words Follicle stimulating hormone granulosa cells Luteinizing hormone Oocytes Ovarian follicle
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Case Report
Lipschütz Ulcer: An Unusual Diagnosis that Should Not be Neglected
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2021;43(5):414-416
07-30-2021

Views184

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Summary
Case Report
Lipschütz Ulcer: An Unusual Diagnosis that Should Not be Neglected
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2021;43(5):414-416
07-30-2021
DOI 10.1055/s-0041-1729147
Daniela Alexandra Gonçalves Pereira ,
Eliana Patrícia Pereira Teixeira ,
Ana Cláudia Martins Lopes ,
Ricardo José Pina Sarmento ,
Ana Paula Calado Lopes
Views184
Abstract

The diagnosis of genital ulcers remains a challenge in clinical practice. Lipschütz ulcer is a non-sexually transmitted rare and, probably, underdiagnosed condition, characterized by the sudden onset of vulvar edema along with painful necrotic ulcerations. Despite its unknown incidence, this seems to be an uncommon entity, with sparse cases reported in the literature. We report the case of an 11-year-old girl who presented at the emergency department with vulvar ulcers. She denied any sexual intercourse. The investigation excluded sexually transmitted infections, so, knowledge of different etiologies of non-venereal ulcers became essential. The differential diagnoses are extensive and include inflammatory processes, drug reactions, trauma, and malignant tumors. Lipschütz ulcer is a diagnosis of exclusion. With the presentation of this case report, the authors aim to describe the etiology, clinical course, and outcomes of this rare disease, to allow differential diagnosis of genital ulceration.

Key-words Adolescent non-venereal lesions vulvar ulcer
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Estimation of Fetal Weight: Comparison Between a Clinical Method and Ultrasonography

Indice de líquido amniótico em gestantes diabéticas e a qualidade do controle glicêmico na gestação

Avaliação do grau nuclear da célula maligna da mama como parâmetro de atividade proliferativa tumoral: comparação com a expressão do antígeno nuclear de proliferação celular (PCNA/ciclina)

Prenatal diagnosis of arthrogryposis multiplex congenita: a case report

Screening of breast cancer metastasis at preoperative work-up

Second-degree family history as a risk factor for breast cancer

Fine needle aspiration biopsy: performance in the differential diagnosis of palpable breast masses

A randomized trial of misoprostol and placebo for cervical ripening and induction of labor

Skeletal muscle mass obtained by anthropometric equation and presence of sarcopenia in postmenopausal women

Abstract

Objective:

Methods:

Results:

Conclusion:

Sociodemographic and reproductive risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome in a population of Brazilian women from the city of Ribeirão Preto: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

Objective:

Methods:

Results:

Conclusion:

Impact of doula’s continuous support on serotonin release in parturients: a pilot randomized clinical trial

Abstract

Objective:

Methods:

Results:

Conclusion:

Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials:

RBGO – A journal to support gynecology and obstetrics research in Latin America

Outcomes after elevation of serratus anterior fascia flap versus serratus muscle flap in direct-to-implant breast reconstruction following mastectomy: a prospective study

Abstract

Objective:

Methods:

Results:

Conclusion:

The Role of Thyroid Hormones, Vitamins, and Microelements in Female Infertility

Abstract

Objective

Materials and Methods

Results

Conclusion

Timing of semen cryopreservation: before or after processing?

Abstract

Objective:

Methods:

Results:

Conclusion:

Comparison of medical image interpretation time between conventional and automated methods of breast ultrasound

Abstract

Objective:

Methods:

Results:

Conclusion:

Pregestational Diabetes and Congenital Heart Defects

Abstract

Prevalence of Preeclampsia in Brazil: An Integrative Review

Abstract

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Increased Cesarean Section Rates during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Looking for Reasons through the Robson Ten Group Classification System

Abstract

Objective

Materials and Methods

Results

Conclusion

Sexual Function and Associated Factors in Postmenopausal Women

Abstract

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Vertical Transmission of SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Objective

Data Sources

Selection of Studies

Data Collection

Data Synthesis

Conclusion