About
The Brazilian Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics (RBGO), a scientific publication of the Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics Societies (FEBRASGO), is aimed at gynecologists, obstetricians and professionals in related fields, with the aim of publishing research results on relevant topics in the field of Gynecology, Obstetrics and related areas.
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Original Article06-09-2025
Epidemiological profile of breast cancer in a reference center in the north region of Brazil
- Daniele Carvalhais França
, - Agnaldo Lopes da Silva Filho ,
- Anisse Marques Chami ,
- Leticia da Conceição Braga
Abstract
Original ArticleEpidemiological profile of breast cancer in a reference center in the north region of Brazil
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2025;47:e-rbgo27
- Daniele Carvalhais França ,
- Agnaldo Lopes da Silva Filho ,
- Anisse Marques Chami ,
- Leticia da Conceição Braga
Views14See moreAbstract
Objective:
To describe the epidemiological data of women with breast cancer at a referral center in oncology in the northern region of Brazil.
Methods:
This is a retrospective cohort study. The study population consists of patients who were diagnosed with in situ or invasive BC (invasive carcinoma of no special type (ICNST) and invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC)) at the Hospital de Amor da Amazônia, in Porto Velho – Rondônia, between January 2012 and December 2021. The sampling plan adopted was of the convenience type. All patients who received the anatomopathological diagnosis of in situ or invasive BC at the Hospital de Amor da Amazônia from 2012 to 2021 and came from the North region were included. Exclusion criteria were non-origin from the North region and absence of diagnosis established by anatomopathological examination of breast cancer. Analysis of the database and medical records of the Hospital de Amor da Amazônia was carried out to collect information.
Results:
420 patients were included, 99.5% female, with complete elementary school (32,6%) and brown skin (68,1%). The mean age at diagnosis was 49 years. Forty-five percent were born in the northern region and 55% in other regions of Brazil. Eighty percent of tumors were invasive ductal carcinoma; 32.7% were luminal A-like, 25.1% luminal B-like, 19.4% HER2 enriched and 12.8% triple negative. When patients were subdivided by age ≤40 years and > 40 years, there was a statistically significant difference in the association with staging (p=0.000), histological type (p= 0.035), immunohistochemistry subtype (p=0.000), neoadjuvant chemotherapy (p=.000) and genetic counseling (p=0.001). The median survival was 7.99 years. The 5-year overall survival was 81%. The higher the stage, the lower the survival rate. Twenty-four distinct variants were described in patients undergoing genetic testing, 16 of uncertain significance and 8 pathogenic. Three new variants were described: ATM (c.8726G>C), BRCA2 (c.2232A>C) and ERCC5 (c.2164G>Ap).
Conclusion:
In this study, the age at diagnosis of breast cancer was lower, the tumor subtype was more aggressive, and patients were admitted in more advanced stages. Overall survival is lower compared to national and international data. Despite the small number of patients referred to genetic testing, it is important to search for germline mutations to improve patients’ diagnosis and treatment.
Views14
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract
Original ArticleEpidemiological profile of breast cancer in a reference center in the north region of Brazil
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2025;47:e-rbgo27
- Daniele Carvalhais França ,
- Agnaldo Lopes da Silva Filho ,
- Anisse Marques Chami ,
- Leticia da Conceição Braga
Views14See moreAbstract
Objective:
To describe the epidemiological data of women with breast cancer at a referral center in oncology in the northern region of Brazil.
Methods:
This is a retrospective cohort study. The study population consists of patients who were diagnosed with in situ or invasive BC (invasive carcinoma of no special type (ICNST) and invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC)) at the Hospital de Amor da Amazônia, in Porto Velho – Rondônia, between January 2012 and December 2021. The sampling plan adopted was of the convenience type. All patients who received the anatomopathological diagnosis of in situ or invasive BC at the Hospital de Amor da Amazônia from 2012 to 2021 and came from the North region were included. Exclusion criteria were non-origin from the North region and absence of diagnosis established by anatomopathological examination of breast cancer. Analysis of the database and medical records of the Hospital de Amor da Amazônia was carried out to collect information.
Results:
420 patients were included, 99.5% female, with complete elementary school (32,6%) and brown skin (68,1%). The mean age at diagnosis was 49 years. Forty-five percent were born in the northern region and 55% in other regions of Brazil. Eighty percent of tumors were invasive ductal carcinoma; 32.7% were luminal A-like, 25.1% luminal B-like, 19.4% HER2 enriched and 12.8% triple negative. When patients were subdivided by age ≤40 years and > 40 years, there was a statistically significant difference in the association with staging (p=0.000), histological type (p= 0.035), immunohistochemistry subtype (p=0.000), neoadjuvant chemotherapy (p=.000) and genetic counseling (p=0.001). The median survival was 7.99 years. The 5-year overall survival was 81%. The higher the stage, the lower the survival rate. Twenty-four distinct variants were described in patients undergoing genetic testing, 16 of uncertain significance and 8 pathogenic. Three new variants were described: ATM (c.8726G>C), BRCA2 (c.2232A>C) and ERCC5 (c.2164G>Ap).
Conclusion:
In this study, the age at diagnosis of breast cancer was lower, the tumor subtype was more aggressive, and patients were admitted in more advanced stages. Overall survival is lower compared to national and international data. Despite the small number of patients referred to genetic testing, it is important to search for germline mutations to improve patients’ diagnosis and treatment.
- Daniele Carvalhais França
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Original Article06-09-2025
Evaluation of chronic radiation proctitis in patients with cervical cancer treated with pelvic radiotherapy: a cross-sectional study
- Renata Silva Aragão ,
- Candice Lima Santos ,
- Ariani Impieri Souza ,
- Ana Luiza Fassizoli da Fonte ,
- Beatriz Ximenes Bandeira de Moraes , [ … ],
- Jurema Telles Oliveira Lima
Abstract
Original ArticleEvaluation of chronic radiation proctitis in patients with cervical cancer treated with pelvic radiotherapy: a cross-sectional study
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2025;47:e-rbgo26
- Renata Silva Aragão ,
- Candice Lima Santos ,
- Ariani Impieri Souza ,
- Ana Luiza Fassizoli da Fonte ,
- Beatriz Ximenes Bandeira de Moraes ,
- Lucas Sandes de Lima ,
- Luiza Dias Aguiar ,
- Jurema Telles Oliveira Lima
Views13See moreAbstract
Objective:
A combination of chemotherapy and pelvic radiotherapy is recommended to treat locally advanced cervical cancer (CC), which has been associated with acute and chronic toxicities, especially radiation proctitis (RP). The objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency of RP and treatment management in females with CC who underwent pelvic radiotherapy at an oncology referral hospital.
Methods:
This cross-sectional study analyzed the medical records of patients treated with radiotherapy for CC between 2015–2017. We assessed sociodemographic, lifestyle, cancer, treatment, and clinical variables. We identified 298 records of females with CC who underwent pelvic radiotherapy during the defined period. Of these, 14 records were duplicates, 25 were excluded for lacking essential information, and 33 were missing in the archive. Accordingly, 226 relevant medical records were analyzed, with data regarding sociodemographic, clinical, cancer-related, treatment-related, and RP-related variables collected. Pearson’s chi-square test was used to compare symptomatic and non-symptomatic patients. Fisher’s exact test was used to compare chemotherapy doses. Statistical analysis was performed with Stata V12.1. A P-value less than 0.05 was considered significant.
Results:
The median patient age was 48 years (interquartile range 38–61). Patients predominantly had CC stages IIB and IIIB (>70%). Of the 226 females analyzed, 87(38.5%) experienced RP symptoms, represented by rectal bleeding; of these, 59 underwent colonoscopy, confirming RP in 58(98.3%). Accordingly, of the 226 females analyzed, 58(25.7%) had a confirmed diagnosis of RP. There was a statistically significant association between rectal bleeding and cumulative radiation dose (P < 0.001) and the presence of systemic arterial hypertension (P = 0.036). Regarding treatment, 38(65.5%) participants underwent argon plasma coagulation (APC), and of these, 22(57.9%) had no post-treatment macroscopic bleeding.
Conclusion:
Patients with CC who received radiotherapy at an oncology referral service had a high frequency of RP, and APC helped control bleeding in certain patients.
Views13This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract
Original ArticleEvaluation of chronic radiation proctitis in patients with cervical cancer treated with pelvic radiotherapy: a cross-sectional study
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2025;47:e-rbgo26
- Renata Silva Aragão ,
- Candice Lima Santos ,
- Ariani Impieri Souza ,
- Ana Luiza Fassizoli da Fonte ,
- Beatriz Ximenes Bandeira de Moraes ,
- Lucas Sandes de Lima ,
- Luiza Dias Aguiar ,
- Jurema Telles Oliveira Lima
Views13See moreAbstract
Objective:
A combination of chemotherapy and pelvic radiotherapy is recommended to treat locally advanced cervical cancer (CC), which has been associated with acute and chronic toxicities, especially radiation proctitis (RP). The objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency of RP and treatment management in females with CC who underwent pelvic radiotherapy at an oncology referral hospital.
Methods:
This cross-sectional study analyzed the medical records of patients treated with radiotherapy for CC between 2015–2017. We assessed sociodemographic, lifestyle, cancer, treatment, and clinical variables. We identified 298 records of females with CC who underwent pelvic radiotherapy during the defined period. Of these, 14 records were duplicates, 25 were excluded for lacking essential information, and 33 were missing in the archive. Accordingly, 226 relevant medical records were analyzed, with data regarding sociodemographic, clinical, cancer-related, treatment-related, and RP-related variables collected. Pearson’s chi-square test was used to compare symptomatic and non-symptomatic patients. Fisher’s exact test was used to compare chemotherapy doses. Statistical analysis was performed with Stata V12.1. A P-value less than 0.05 was considered significant.
Results:
The median patient age was 48 years (interquartile range 38–61). Patients predominantly had CC stages IIB and IIIB (>70%). Of the 226 females analyzed, 87(38.5%) experienced RP symptoms, represented by rectal bleeding; of these, 59 underwent colonoscopy, confirming RP in 58(98.3%). Accordingly, of the 226 females analyzed, 58(25.7%) had a confirmed diagnosis of RP. There was a statistically significant association between rectal bleeding and cumulative radiation dose (P < 0.001) and the presence of systemic arterial hypertension (P = 0.036). Regarding treatment, 38(65.5%) participants underwent argon plasma coagulation (APC), and of these, 22(57.9%) had no post-treatment macroscopic bleeding.
Conclusion:
Patients with CC who received radiotherapy at an oncology referral service had a high frequency of RP, and APC helped control bleeding in certain patients.
- Renata Silva Aragão
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Original Article06-09-2025
Impact of the Zero Maternal Death by Hemorrhage Strategy on health professionals’ self-perceived knowledge in managing postpartum hemorrhage
- Gilson Geraldo de Oliveira ,
- Mariana Larissa Oliveira dos Santos ,
- Gabriel Costa Osanan ,
- George Dantas de Azevedo ,
- Reginaldo Antônio de Oliveira Freitas Júnior
Abstract
Original ArticleImpact of the Zero Maternal Death by Hemorrhage Strategy on health professionals’ self-perceived knowledge in managing postpartum hemorrhage
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2025;47:e-rbgo25
- Gilson Geraldo de Oliveira ,
- Mariana Larissa Oliveira dos Santos ,
- Gabriel Costa Osanan ,
- George Dantas de Azevedo ,
- Reginaldo Antônio de Oliveira Freitas Júnior
Views16Abstract
Objective:
This study aimed to evaluate the results of the Obstetric Hemorrhage Prevention and Management Course – Zero Maternal Death by Hemorrhage Strategy (0MMxH) among healthcare professionals before and after participation.
Methods:
A quasi-experimental design was employed, assessing the educational intervention in a convenience sample of healthcare professionals who had participated in the 0MMxH at least one year prior. Participants completed a retrospective pre-post questionnaire sent via email, focusing on self-perceived knowledge levels and the adoption of best practices in postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) management.
Results:
Out of 129 professionals who completed the 0MMxH training, 85 (65.9%) responded to the questionnaire. The percentages of respondents reporting no or low knowledge before and after the course were: shock index (52.8% to 0%, before and after, respectively), blood loss estimation (35.2% to 1.1%), care sequence for PPH (44.6% to 0%), rational use of crystalloids (37.5% to 1.1%), non-pneumatic anti-shock garment (83.5% to 3.4%), and damage control surgery (74.1% to 8.1%). These results indicate a significant improvement in self-perceived knowledge. After the course, the highest adoption rates of best practices were for shock index (83.5%), blood loss estimation (67.1%), and use of warm crystalloids (58.8%). However, gaps remained regarding non-pharmacological interventions for PPH management.
Conclusion:
Participants reported improved knowledge on most topics covered by the 0MMxH. The program was recognized as a crucial factor in adopting effective PPH management practices, underscoring the importance of training in enhancing obstetric care.
Key-words Health strategiesHealthcare professionalsMaternal mortalityMedical EducationPostpartum hemorrhageSee moreViews16This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract
Original ArticleImpact of the Zero Maternal Death by Hemorrhage Strategy on health professionals’ self-perceived knowledge in managing postpartum hemorrhage
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2025;47:e-rbgo25
- Gilson Geraldo de Oliveira ,
- Mariana Larissa Oliveira dos Santos ,
- Gabriel Costa Osanan ,
- George Dantas de Azevedo ,
- Reginaldo Antônio de Oliveira Freitas Júnior
Views16Abstract
Objective:
This study aimed to evaluate the results of the Obstetric Hemorrhage Prevention and Management Course – Zero Maternal Death by Hemorrhage Strategy (0MMxH) among healthcare professionals before and after participation.
Methods:
A quasi-experimental design was employed, assessing the educational intervention in a convenience sample of healthcare professionals who had participated in the 0MMxH at least one year prior. Participants completed a retrospective pre-post questionnaire sent via email, focusing on self-perceived knowledge levels and the adoption of best practices in postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) management.
Results:
Out of 129 professionals who completed the 0MMxH training, 85 (65.9%) responded to the questionnaire. The percentages of respondents reporting no or low knowledge before and after the course were: shock index (52.8% to 0%, before and after, respectively), blood loss estimation (35.2% to 1.1%), care sequence for PPH (44.6% to 0%), rational use of crystalloids (37.5% to 1.1%), non-pneumatic anti-shock garment (83.5% to 3.4%), and damage control surgery (74.1% to 8.1%). These results indicate a significant improvement in self-perceived knowledge. After the course, the highest adoption rates of best practices were for shock index (83.5%), blood loss estimation (67.1%), and use of warm crystalloids (58.8%). However, gaps remained regarding non-pharmacological interventions for PPH management.
Conclusion:
Participants reported improved knowledge on most topics covered by the 0MMxH. The program was recognized as a crucial factor in adopting effective PPH management practices, underscoring the importance of training in enhancing obstetric care.
Key-words Health strategiesHealthcare professionalsMaternal mortalityMedical EducationPostpartum hemorrhageSee more - Gilson Geraldo de Oliveira
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Review Article06-09-2025
Prophylactic internal iliac artery balloon occlusion in the management of placenta accreta spectrum disorders: a meta-analysis
- Nicole dos Santos Pimenta ,
- Ana Clara Felix de Farias Santos ,
- Maírla Marina Ferreira Dias ,
- Gabriela Oliveira Gonçalves Molino ,
- Ana Gabriela Alves Pereira , [ … ],
- Pedro Henrique Costa Matos da Silva
Abstract
Review ArticleProphylactic internal iliac artery balloon occlusion in the management of placenta accreta spectrum disorders: a meta-analysis
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2025;47:e-rbgo19
- Nicole dos Santos Pimenta ,
- Ana Clara Felix de Farias Santos ,
- Maírla Marina Ferreira Dias ,
- Gabriela Oliveira Gonçalves Molino ,
- Ana Gabriela Alves Pereira ,
- Pedro Henrique Costa Matos da Silva
Views21See moreAbstract
Objective:
Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) describes the failure of placental detachment. PAS is a pregnancy-associated life-threatening condition which increases hemorrhage risk. We evaluated safety and efficacy of internal iliac artery balloon occlusion (IIABOC) on bleeding volume among pregnant women with diagnosis or suspicion of PAS.
Data source:
We searched PubMed, Embase and Cochrane databases.
Study selection:
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies comparing the efficacy of preoperative prophylactic balloon catheters to a control group with standard care in patients with a prenatal screening of PAS.
Data collect:
We computed odds ratio (OR) for binary endpoints and mean difference (MD) for continuous endpoints, with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We performed random effects models and assessed I2 heterogeneity statistics.
Data synthesis:
Twenty-four studies were included, of whom 1,023 (51%) received balloons and 983 (49%) did not undergo balloon management. Patients receiving IIABOC had a greater decrease in estimated blood loss (MD −0.33; 95% CI −0.55, 0.11) and increase in operation time (MD 17.21; 95% CI 3.43, 30.99). Apgar score at fifth minute (MD −0.22; 95% CI −0.36,−0.07) significantly decreased. There were no significant differences between groups regarding hysterectomy rates (OR 1.35; 95% CI 0.88, 2.09) and maternal intensive care unit admission (OR 0.81; 95% CI 0.51,1.29).
Conclusion:
While IIABOC have demonstrated a significant reduction in estimated blood loss, these findings have not been consistently replicated in RCTs and the surgeon’s level of experience must be taken into account since it biases the analysis.
Views21This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract
Review ArticleProphylactic internal iliac artery balloon occlusion in the management of placenta accreta spectrum disorders: a meta-analysis
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2025;47:e-rbgo19
- Nicole dos Santos Pimenta ,
- Ana Clara Felix de Farias Santos ,
- Maírla Marina Ferreira Dias ,
- Gabriela Oliveira Gonçalves Molino ,
- Ana Gabriela Alves Pereira ,
- Pedro Henrique Costa Matos da Silva
Views21See moreAbstract
Objective:
Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) describes the failure of placental detachment. PAS is a pregnancy-associated life-threatening condition which increases hemorrhage risk. We evaluated safety and efficacy of internal iliac artery balloon occlusion (IIABOC) on bleeding volume among pregnant women with diagnosis or suspicion of PAS.
Data source:
We searched PubMed, Embase and Cochrane databases.
Study selection:
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies comparing the efficacy of preoperative prophylactic balloon catheters to a control group with standard care in patients with a prenatal screening of PAS.
Data collect:
We computed odds ratio (OR) for binary endpoints and mean difference (MD) for continuous endpoints, with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We performed random effects models and assessed I2 heterogeneity statistics.
Data synthesis:
Twenty-four studies were included, of whom 1,023 (51%) received balloons and 983 (49%) did not undergo balloon management. Patients receiving IIABOC had a greater decrease in estimated blood loss (MD −0.33; 95% CI −0.55, 0.11) and increase in operation time (MD 17.21; 95% CI 3.43, 30.99). Apgar score at fifth minute (MD −0.22; 95% CI −0.36,−0.07) significantly decreased. There were no significant differences between groups regarding hysterectomy rates (OR 1.35; 95% CI 0.88, 2.09) and maternal intensive care unit admission (OR 0.81; 95% CI 0.51,1.29).
Conclusion:
While IIABOC have demonstrated a significant reduction in estimated blood loss, these findings have not been consistently replicated in RCTs and the surgeon’s level of experience must be taken into account since it biases the analysis.
- Nicole dos Santos Pimenta
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FEBRASGO POSITION STATEMENT05-16-2025
Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2025;47:e-FPS4
Abstract
FEBRASGO POSITION STATEMENTMayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2025;47:e-FPS4
Views138See moreKey points
•Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome (MRKH) is the leading cause of vaginal agenesis.
•It is characterized by primary amenorrhea with typical adrenarche and telarche and may be associated with congenital urological and skeletal conditions that should be investigated.
•Differential diagnoses include: vaginal obstructions (imperforate hymen, distal vaginal atresia, transverse vaginal septum), uterine obstructions (cervical atresia), and differences in sexual development (gonadal dysgenesis, complete androgen insensitivity and congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to CYP17 deficiency).
•Laboratory tests (testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone [FSH] and karyotype) and radiological tests (pelvic ultrasound and MRI) are necessary.
•Vaginal dilation is the first line of treatment with high success rates.
Views138This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract
FEBRASGO POSITION STATEMENTMayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2025;47:e-FPS4
Views138See moreKey points
•Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome (MRKH) is the leading cause of vaginal agenesis.
•It is characterized by primary amenorrhea with typical adrenarche and telarche and may be associated with congenital urological and skeletal conditions that should be investigated.
•Differential diagnoses include: vaginal obstructions (imperforate hymen, distal vaginal atresia, transverse vaginal septum), uterine obstructions (cervical atresia), and differences in sexual development (gonadal dysgenesis, complete androgen insensitivity and congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to CYP17 deficiency).
•Laboratory tests (testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone [FSH] and karyotype) and radiological tests (pelvic ultrasound and MRI) are necessary.
•Vaginal dilation is the first line of treatment with high success rates.
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Original Article04-30-2025
Hysterectomy rates per resident in final year of training in teaching hospitals: an ecologic study
- Luiza Nestori Chiozzotto ,
- Nino José Wilson Moterani Júnior ,
- Laura Bresciani Bento Gonçalves Moterani ,
- Vinicius César Moterani ,
- Francisco José Candido dos Reis
Abstract
Original ArticleHysterectomy rates per resident in final year of training in teaching hospitals: an ecologic study
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2025;47:e-rbgo24
- Luiza Nestori Chiozzotto ,
- Nino José Wilson Moterani Júnior ,
- Laura Bresciani Bento Gonçalves Moterani ,
- Vinicius César Moterani ,
- Francisco José Candido dos Reis
Views160Abstract
Objective:
Analyze the hysterectomy rates per resident in graduation year in teaching hospitals in the state of São Paulo (Brazil).
Methods:
We selected teaching hospitals in the state of São Paulo and gathered information from two public databases to estimate the hysterectomy rates per resident in their final year of training between 2009 and 2019.
Results:
Between 2009 and 2019, there was a 37.5% increase in the number of residents in their final year of training, a 4.31% increase in the number of hysterectomies, and a drop in the hysterectomy rates per resident of 24.1%. The reduction of the rate of hysterectomy per resident was more pronounced for vaginal route (46.4%) followed by abdominal route (23.3%). The ratio of laparoscopic hysterectomy per resident increased 264% during the period, however, this route was used in only 7% of the surgeries in 2019.
Conclusions:
The hysterectomy rates per resident in their final year of training showed a notable reduction. This trend, particularly pronounced in vaginal and abdominal routes, signals a shift towards minimally invasive techniques.
Key-words Clinical competenceEducation, medicalHospitals, teachingHysterectomylearning curveMedical staff, hospitalPhysiciansStudents, medicalSurgical procedures, operativeSee moreViews160This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract
Original ArticleHysterectomy rates per resident in final year of training in teaching hospitals: an ecologic study
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2025;47:e-rbgo24
- Luiza Nestori Chiozzotto ,
- Nino José Wilson Moterani Júnior ,
- Laura Bresciani Bento Gonçalves Moterani ,
- Vinicius César Moterani ,
- Francisco José Candido dos Reis
Views160Abstract
Objective:
Analyze the hysterectomy rates per resident in graduation year in teaching hospitals in the state of São Paulo (Brazil).
Methods:
We selected teaching hospitals in the state of São Paulo and gathered information from two public databases to estimate the hysterectomy rates per resident in their final year of training between 2009 and 2019.
Results:
Between 2009 and 2019, there was a 37.5% increase in the number of residents in their final year of training, a 4.31% increase in the number of hysterectomies, and a drop in the hysterectomy rates per resident of 24.1%. The reduction of the rate of hysterectomy per resident was more pronounced for vaginal route (46.4%) followed by abdominal route (23.3%). The ratio of laparoscopic hysterectomy per resident increased 264% during the period, however, this route was used in only 7% of the surgeries in 2019.
Conclusions:
The hysterectomy rates per resident in their final year of training showed a notable reduction. This trend, particularly pronounced in vaginal and abdominal routes, signals a shift towards minimally invasive techniques.
Key-words Clinical competenceEducation, medicalHospitals, teachingHysterectomylearning curveMedical staff, hospitalPhysiciansStudents, medicalSurgical procedures, operativeSee more
- Luiza Nestori Chiozzotto
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Original Article04-30-2025
Prevalence of antiphospholipid syndrome among women with recurrent pregnancy loss: a cohort study
- Elaine Cristina Fontes de Oliveira ,
- Daniel Dias Ribeiro ,
- Janaína Campos Senra ,
- Fernando Marcos dos Reis
Abstract
Original ArticlePrevalence of antiphospholipid syndrome among women with recurrent pregnancy loss: a cohort study
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2025;47:e-rbgo23
- Elaine Cristina Fontes de Oliveira ,
- Daniel Dias Ribeiro ,
- Janaína Campos Senra ,
- Fernando Marcos dos Reis
Views159Abstract
Objective:
This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) among women experiencing recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL).
Methods:
A cross-sectional was conducted, reviewing the medical records of 134 women with a history of two or more miscarriages, treated between January 2014 and May 2024 at a tertiary university center in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. APS screening was performed by assessing anticardiolipin (IgG and IgM), lupus anticoagulant, and anti-β2-glycoprotein-1 (IgG and IgM) antibodies, based on Sapporo criteria. All tests were performed during non-pregnant periods and at least 12 weeks after the last miscarriage.
Results:
The study included 134 women with a mean age of 33.8 ± 5.7 years. The number of prior miscarriages ranged from 2 to 11 per couple. Among the patients who presented the lupus anticoagulant, only two (1.49%) tested positive in two samples, as per revised Sapporo criteria. Considering IgG and IgM anticardiolipin antibodies, four patients (2.98%) tested positive in two samples according to old Sapporo criteria, with one patient having a positive IgG test in two samples, two having positive IgM in two samples and a single patient having both positive tests. None of the 56 patients tested positive for anti-β2-glycoprotein-1 antibodies in two samples.
Conclusion:
The prevalence of antiphospholipid antibodies, in line with revised Sapporo criteria, is low among Brazilian women with recurrent pregnancy loss, consistent with recent studies in literature. Ensuring the appropriateness of diagnostic criteria is crucial to avoid unnecessary treatment with platelet anticoagulants and heparin in this population.
Key-words Abortion, habitualAbortion, spontaneousAntibodiesAnticardiolipinAntiphospholipid syndromePrevalenceThrombophiliaSee moreViews159This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract
Original ArticlePrevalence of antiphospholipid syndrome among women with recurrent pregnancy loss: a cohort study
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2025;47:e-rbgo23
- Elaine Cristina Fontes de Oliveira ,
- Daniel Dias Ribeiro ,
- Janaína Campos Senra ,
- Fernando Marcos dos Reis
Views159Abstract
Objective:
This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) among women experiencing recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL).
Methods:
A cross-sectional was conducted, reviewing the medical records of 134 women with a history of two or more miscarriages, treated between January 2014 and May 2024 at a tertiary university center in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. APS screening was performed by assessing anticardiolipin (IgG and IgM), lupus anticoagulant, and anti-β2-glycoprotein-1 (IgG and IgM) antibodies, based on Sapporo criteria. All tests were performed during non-pregnant periods and at least 12 weeks after the last miscarriage.
Results:
The study included 134 women with a mean age of 33.8 ± 5.7 years. The number of prior miscarriages ranged from 2 to 11 per couple. Among the patients who presented the lupus anticoagulant, only two (1.49%) tested positive in two samples, as per revised Sapporo criteria. Considering IgG and IgM anticardiolipin antibodies, four patients (2.98%) tested positive in two samples according to old Sapporo criteria, with one patient having a positive IgG test in two samples, two having positive IgM in two samples and a single patient having both positive tests. None of the 56 patients tested positive for anti-β2-glycoprotein-1 antibodies in two samples.
Conclusion:
The prevalence of antiphospholipid antibodies, in line with revised Sapporo criteria, is low among Brazilian women with recurrent pregnancy loss, consistent with recent studies in literature. Ensuring the appropriateness of diagnostic criteria is crucial to avoid unnecessary treatment with platelet anticoagulants and heparin in this population.
Key-words Abortion, habitualAbortion, spontaneousAntibodiesAnticardiolipinAntiphospholipid syndromePrevalenceThrombophiliaSee more - Elaine Cristina Fontes de Oliveira
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Original Article04-30-2025
An assessment of total antioxidant and oxidant parameters and their correlation with embryo quality in in-vitro fertilization patients
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2025;47:e-rbgo22
Abstract
Original ArticleAn assessment of total antioxidant and oxidant parameters and their correlation with embryo quality in in-vitro fertilization patients
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2025;47:e-rbgo22
Views153Abstract
Objective:
In vitro, fertilization is the primary treatment method for infertility. Follicular fluid analysis is an approach used to optimize the results of assisted reproductive techniques. Oxidative stress represents the imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species and their detoxification. Total Antioxidant and Oxidant Status, and Oxidative Stress Index levels are the main oxidative stress markers. This study investigated the effects of oxidative stress markers on infertility etiology, embryo quality, and success of In vitro fertilization.
Methods:
Before enrolling in the ICSI-ET cycle, participants had their FSH and LH levels assessed on the second day of the cycle. The ovarian degrees of the participants were evaluated by transvaginal ultrasonography. Participants underwent controlled ovarian stimulation using the GnRH antagonist protocol. TV-USG and serial E2 measurements were performed at appropriate intervals to follow follicular development. Follicle sizes, quantity, and endometrial thickness were recorded. Total Antioxidant and Oxidant Status, and Oxidative analyses were conducted using Rel Assay Diagnostics Assay Kits.
Results:
The average number of total oocytes in the participants was 10.25±6.66, and the average of mature M2 stage oocytes was 6.71±3.72. The average number of fertilized oocytes was 4.65±2.81. Fertilization rates were calculated as approximately 54.75±25.58%. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between embryo quality and serum Total Antioxidant Status levels (p=0.004). Similarly, a significant positive correlation was observed between embryo quality and follicular Total Antioxidant Status values (r = 0.42, p = 0.01).
Conclusion:
This study concluded that oxidative stress markers affect certain stages of the IVF treatment process.
Key-words AntioxidantsFertilization in vitroFollicular fluidInfertilityOocytesOxidantsOxidative stressSee moreViews153This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract
Original ArticleAn assessment of total antioxidant and oxidant parameters and their correlation with embryo quality in in-vitro fertilization patients
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2025;47:e-rbgo22
Views153Abstract
Objective:
In vitro, fertilization is the primary treatment method for infertility. Follicular fluid analysis is an approach used to optimize the results of assisted reproductive techniques. Oxidative stress represents the imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species and their detoxification. Total Antioxidant and Oxidant Status, and Oxidative Stress Index levels are the main oxidative stress markers. This study investigated the effects of oxidative stress markers on infertility etiology, embryo quality, and success of In vitro fertilization.
Methods:
Before enrolling in the ICSI-ET cycle, participants had their FSH and LH levels assessed on the second day of the cycle. The ovarian degrees of the participants were evaluated by transvaginal ultrasonography. Participants underwent controlled ovarian stimulation using the GnRH antagonist protocol. TV-USG and serial E2 measurements were performed at appropriate intervals to follow follicular development. Follicle sizes, quantity, and endometrial thickness were recorded. Total Antioxidant and Oxidant Status, and Oxidative analyses were conducted using Rel Assay Diagnostics Assay Kits.
Results:
The average number of total oocytes in the participants was 10.25±6.66, and the average of mature M2 stage oocytes was 6.71±3.72. The average number of fertilized oocytes was 4.65±2.81. Fertilization rates were calculated as approximately 54.75±25.58%. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between embryo quality and serum Total Antioxidant Status levels (p=0.004). Similarly, a significant positive correlation was observed between embryo quality and follicular Total Antioxidant Status values (r = 0.42, p = 0.01).
Conclusion:
This study concluded that oxidative stress markers affect certain stages of the IVF treatment process.
Key-words AntioxidantsFertilization in vitroFollicular fluidInfertilityOocytesOxidantsOxidative stressSee more
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Featured Articles
- FEBRASGO POSITION STATEMENT03-18-2025
Use of synthetic slings in the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence: Number 2 – 2025
- Marair Gracio Ferreira Sartori ,
- Marilene Vale de Castro Monteiro ,
- Cássia Raquel Teatin Juliato ,
- Luiz Gustavo Oliveira Brito ,
- Sergio Brasileiro Martins ,
- José Miguel de Deus ,
- Ana Selma Bertelli Picoloto ,
- Jorge Milhem Haddad ,
- Andreisa Paiva Monteiro Bilhar ,
- Leticia Maria de Oliveira ,
- Rafael Mendes Moroni ,
- Lucas Schreiner ,
- Aljerry Dias do Rego ,
- Daniela Siqueira Prado ,
- Emerson de Oliveira
Abstract
FEBRASGO POSITION STATEMENTUse of synthetic slings in the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence: Number 2 – 2025
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2025;47:e-FPS2
- Marair Gracio Ferreira Sartori ,
- Marilene Vale de Castro Monteiro ,
- Cássia Raquel Teatin Juliato ,
- Luiz Gustavo Oliveira Brito ,
- Sergio Brasileiro Martins ,
- José Miguel de Deus ,
- Ana Selma Bertelli Picoloto ,
- Jorge Milhem Haddad ,
- Andreisa Paiva Monteiro Bilhar ,
- Leticia Maria de Oliveira ,
- Rafael Mendes Moroni ,
- Lucas Schreiner ,
- Aljerry Dias do Rego ,
- Daniela Siqueira Prado ,
- Emerson de Oliveira
Views228This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract
FEBRASGO POSITION STATEMENTUse of synthetic slings in the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence: Number 2 – 2025
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2025;47:e-FPS2
- Marair Gracio Ferreira Sartori ,
- Marilene Vale de Castro Monteiro ,
- Cássia Raquel Teatin Juliato ,
- Luiz Gustavo Oliveira Brito ,
- Sergio Brasileiro Martins ,
- José Miguel de Deus ,
- Ana Selma Bertelli Picoloto ,
- Jorge Milhem Haddad ,
- Andreisa Paiva Monteiro Bilhar ,
- Leticia Maria de Oliveira ,
- Rafael Mendes Moroni ,
- Lucas Schreiner ,
- Aljerry Dias do Rego ,
- Daniela Siqueira Prado ,
- Emerson de Oliveira
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. - Marair Gracio Ferreira Sartori
- Original Article03-18-2025
The experience of pregnancy in the COVID-19 pandemic
- Mariana Corniani Lopes ,
- Cheryl Tatano Beck ,
- Zelina Hilária de Souza Rosa ,
- Erika de Sá Vieira Abuchaim
Abstract
Original ArticleThe experience of pregnancy in the COVID-19 pandemic
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2025;47:e-rbgo8
- Mariana Corniani Lopes ,
- Cheryl Tatano Beck ,
- Zelina Hilária de Souza Rosa ,
- Erika de Sá Vieira Abuchaim
Views254See moreAbstract
Objective:
To describe women’s experience of pregnancy during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods:
A qualitative study conducted in a private maternity hospital, from May, 2020 to November, 2021, with women aged ≥ 18 years, gestational age ≥ 36 weeks at birth and ≥ 24 hours post-partum. Data collected through semi-structured interviews, recorded, transcribed, and analyzed adopting Krippendorff’s Content Analysis as theoretical-methodological framework.
Results:
Four main themes emerged: Fear, Taking care and celebrating pregnancy: adjusting to the new reality, Harms of Isolation, and Benefits of Isolation. The fear of contamination and its impact on the health of mother and child resulted in the adoption of severe social isolation, including from those considered sources of support by the expecting mother. Overwhelmed, some of the participants reported loneliness and psychic suffering. The opportunity to focus on the pregnancy, the preparations for the arrival of the child, and the family made isolation a beneficial and positive period for other women.
Conclusion:
The experience of pregnancy in the Pandemic was an event outside of the ordinary and common. The expecting mother faced her worst fears on a daily basis and attended prenatal care, in order to ensure her child would be born healthy. The celebration of the baby’s life, amid so many deaths, had to be adjusted to the virtual environment. It was a tense, solitary, and ambiguous period, which demanded a lot from the mental health of some participants, but to others, brought advantages that would not have been possible in different times.
Views254This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract
Original ArticleThe experience of pregnancy in the COVID-19 pandemic
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2025;47:e-rbgo8
- Mariana Corniani Lopes ,
- Cheryl Tatano Beck ,
- Zelina Hilária de Souza Rosa ,
- Erika de Sá Vieira Abuchaim
Views254See moreAbstract
Objective:
To describe women’s experience of pregnancy during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods:
A qualitative study conducted in a private maternity hospital, from May, 2020 to November, 2021, with women aged ≥ 18 years, gestational age ≥ 36 weeks at birth and ≥ 24 hours post-partum. Data collected through semi-structured interviews, recorded, transcribed, and analyzed adopting Krippendorff’s Content Analysis as theoretical-methodological framework.
Results:
Four main themes emerged: Fear, Taking care and celebrating pregnancy: adjusting to the new reality, Harms of Isolation, and Benefits of Isolation. The fear of contamination and its impact on the health of mother and child resulted in the adoption of severe social isolation, including from those considered sources of support by the expecting mother. Overwhelmed, some of the participants reported loneliness and psychic suffering. The opportunity to focus on the pregnancy, the preparations for the arrival of the child, and the family made isolation a beneficial and positive period for other women.
Conclusion:
The experience of pregnancy in the Pandemic was an event outside of the ordinary and common. The expecting mother faced her worst fears on a daily basis and attended prenatal care, in order to ensure her child would be born healthy. The celebration of the baby’s life, amid so many deaths, had to be adjusted to the virtual environment. It was a tense, solitary, and ambiguous period, which demanded a lot from the mental health of some participants, but to others, brought advantages that would not have been possible in different times.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 
- Mariana Corniani Lopes
- Original Article02-13-2025
Anemia levels in the preconception period and the first trimester of pregnancy: a national, multicentric and cross-sectional study
- Aytaj Jafarzade ,
- Veli Mi̇hmanli ,
- And Yavuz ,
- Murat Akbaş ,
- Gürcan Türkyilmaz ,
- Esra Nur Özkan ,
- Murat İbrahim Toplu ,
- Yücel Kaya ,
- Damla Yasemin Yenli̇k Kaya ,
- Mustafa Yildiz ,
- Ali Emre Ati̇k ,
- Elif İlgazi̇ Kiliç ,
- Burcu Özata ,
- Sehtap Nazlı Kiliç Çeti̇n ,
- Berk Bulut ,
- Halide Gül Okuducu Aydin ,
- Lale Aslanova ,
- Çağdaş Nurettin Emekli̇oğlu ,
- Melike Eren ,
- Elif Uçar ,
- Kaan Eray Uzun ,
- Osman Ufuk Eki̇z ,
- Muhittin Tamer Mungan
Abstract
Original ArticleAnemia levels in the preconception period and the first trimester of pregnancy: a national, multicentric and cross-sectional study
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2025;47:-e-rbgo1001
DOI 10.61622/rbgo/2025rbgo10001
- Aytaj Jafarzade ,
- Veli Mi̇hmanli ,
- And Yavuz ,
- Murat Akbaş ,
- Gürcan Türkyilmaz ,
- Esra Nur Özkan ,
- Murat İbrahim Toplu ,
- Yücel Kaya ,
- Damla Yasemin Yenli̇k Kaya ,
- Mustafa Yildiz ,
- Ali Emre Ati̇k ,
- Elif İlgazi̇ Kiliç ,
- Burcu Özata ,
- Sehtap Nazlı Kiliç Çeti̇n ,
- Berk Bulut ,
- Halide Gül Okuducu Aydin ,
- Lale Aslanova ,
- Çağdaş Nurettin Emekli̇oğlu ,
- Melike Eren ,
- Elif Uçar ,
- Kaan Eray Uzun ,
- Osman Ufuk Eki̇z ,
- Muhittin Tamer Mungan
Views343Abstract
Objective
The study aimed to determine the level of anemia in pregnant women in the first trimester and in the preconception period by conducting nationwide research.
Methods
The study was designed as retrospective, cross-sectional, and multicenter research. A total of 17 centers from 13 provinces were included in the study. The study was conducted with the participation of two groups of patients who applied to the obstetrics polyclinic between 1 January 2023 and 1 July 2023, who were in the first trimester of pregnancy and who were in the preconception period planning pregnancy.
Results
In total 4,265 women were included in the study. Of these women, 3,884 (91%) were in the first trimester of their pregnancy and 381 (9%) were in the preconception period. Anemia was detected in 24.1% (n=1030) of the patients. Of these patients, 20.6% (n=877) were pregnant women in the first trimester and 3.6% (n=153) were in the preconception period. A statistically significant and positive relationship was found between anemia and meat consumption frequency, educational status, and socioeconomic status of the patients (p=0.000, p=0.000, p=0.000). In addition, a statistically significant and negative correlation was determined between anemia and the number of pregnancies and the parity number (p=0.001, p=0.000) in both groups.
Conclusion
Anemia is a public health problem. Anemia has been determined to be an important problem both in the preconception period and early periods of pregnancy. It is necessary to revise the programs and interventions to reduce the prevalence of anemia and redesign them in line with current conditions.
Key-words Anemia, iron-deficiencypreconception carePregnancy complications, hematologicPregnancy trimester, firstSee moreViews343This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract
Original ArticleAnemia levels in the preconception period and the first trimester of pregnancy: a national, multicentric and cross-sectional study
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2025;47:-e-rbgo1001
DOI 10.61622/rbgo/2025rbgo10001
- Aytaj Jafarzade ,
- Veli Mi̇hmanli ,
- And Yavuz ,
- Murat Akbaş ,
- Gürcan Türkyilmaz ,
- Esra Nur Özkan ,
- Murat İbrahim Toplu ,
- Yücel Kaya ,
- Damla Yasemin Yenli̇k Kaya ,
- Mustafa Yildiz ,
- Ali Emre Ati̇k ,
- Elif İlgazi̇ Kiliç ,
- Burcu Özata ,
- Sehtap Nazlı Kiliç Çeti̇n ,
- Berk Bulut ,
- Halide Gül Okuducu Aydin ,
- Lale Aslanova ,
- Çağdaş Nurettin Emekli̇oğlu ,
- Melike Eren ,
- Elif Uçar ,
- Kaan Eray Uzun ,
- Osman Ufuk Eki̇z ,
- Muhittin Tamer Mungan
Views343Abstract
Objective
The study aimed to determine the level of anemia in pregnant women in the first trimester and in the preconception period by conducting nationwide research.
Methods
The study was designed as retrospective, cross-sectional, and multicenter research. A total of 17 centers from 13 provinces were included in the study. The study was conducted with the participation of two groups of patients who applied to the obstetrics polyclinic between 1 January 2023 and 1 July 2023, who were in the first trimester of pregnancy and who were in the preconception period planning pregnancy.
Results
In total 4,265 women were included in the study. Of these women, 3,884 (91%) were in the first trimester of their pregnancy and 381 (9%) were in the preconception period. Anemia was detected in 24.1% (n=1030) of the patients. Of these patients, 20.6% (n=877) were pregnant women in the first trimester and 3.6% (n=153) were in the preconception period. A statistically significant and positive relationship was found between anemia and meat consumption frequency, educational status, and socioeconomic status of the patients (p=0.000, p=0.000, p=0.000). In addition, a statistically significant and negative correlation was determined between anemia and the number of pregnancies and the parity number (p=0.001, p=0.000) in both groups.
Conclusion
Anemia is a public health problem. Anemia has been determined to be an important problem both in the preconception period and early periods of pregnancy. It is necessary to revise the programs and interventions to reduce the prevalence of anemia and redesign them in line with current conditions.
Key-words Anemia, iron-deficiencypreconception carePregnancy complications, hematologicPregnancy trimester, firstSee moreThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 
- Aytaj Jafarzade
Objectives and Vision
The Brazilian Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics (RBGO) aims to publish basic and clinical research in gynecology, obstetrics and other related specialties and to be a reference to support and promote the professional education of residents, researchers and university professors. As a VISION, RBGO aims to become an internationally recognized reference among the main global journals in Gynecology and Obstetrics.
