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Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2018;40(3):115-120
To evaluate the quality of the sexual function of women with suspected deep infiltrating endometriosis.
A cross-sectional, observational and prospective study was conducted between May 2015 and August 2016, in which 67 patients with deep infiltrating endometriosis, suspected or diagnosed, were assessed for epidemiological and clinical characteristics, such as pain level through a visual analog scale (VAS), features of deep infiltrating endometriosis lesions and score on the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) before the onset of treatment. The statistical analysis was performed using the software STATA version 12.0 (StataCorp LLC, College Station, TX, USA) to compare the variables through multiple regression analysis.
The average age of the patients was 39.2 years old; most patients were symptomatic (92.5%); and the predominant location of the deep infiltrating lesions was on the rectosigmoid colon (50%), closely followed by the retrocervical region (48.3%). The medianoverallscoreontheFSFIwas23.4;in67.2%of thecasesthescorewas26.5(cutoff point for sexualdysfunction). Deepdyspareunia(p = 0.000,confidenceinterval [CI]:0.64- 0.83) and rectosigmoid endometriosis lesions (p = 0.008, CI: 0.72-0.95) showed significant correlation with lower FSFI scores, adjusted by bladder lesion, patients’ ageand size of lesions. Deep dyspareunia (p = 0.003, CI: 0.49-0.86) also exhibited significant correlation with FSFI pain domain, adjusted by cyclic bowel pain, vaginal lesion and use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analog. These results reflect the influence of deep dyspareunia on the sexual dysfunction of the analyzed population.
Most patients exhibited sexual dysfunction, and deep dyspareunia was the pelvic painful symptom that showed correlation with sexual dysfunction.
Summary
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2018;40(3):115-120
To evaluate the quality of the sexual function of women with suspected deep infiltrating endometriosis.
A cross-sectional, observational and prospective study was conducted between May 2015 and August 2016, in which 67 patients with deep infiltrating endometriosis, suspected or diagnosed, were assessed for epidemiological and clinical characteristics, such as pain level through a visual analog scale (VAS), features of deep infiltrating endometriosis lesions and score on the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) before the onset of treatment. The statistical analysis was performed using the software STATA version 12.0 (StataCorp LLC, College Station, TX, USA) to compare the variables through multiple regression analysis.
The average age of the patients was 39.2 years old; most patients were symptomatic (92.5%); and the predominant location of the deep infiltrating lesions was on the rectosigmoid colon (50%), closely followed by the retrocervical region (48.3%). The medianoverallscoreontheFSFIwas23.4;in67.2%of thecasesthescorewas26.5(cutoff point for sexualdysfunction). Deepdyspareunia(p = 0.000,confidenceinterval [CI]:0.64- 0.83) and rectosigmoid endometriosis lesions (p = 0.008, CI: 0.72-0.95) showed significant correlation with lower FSFI scores, adjusted by bladder lesion, patients’ ageand size of lesions. Deep dyspareunia (p = 0.003, CI: 0.49-0.86) also exhibited significant correlation with FSFI pain domain, adjusted by cyclic bowel pain, vaginal lesion and use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analog. These results reflect the influence of deep dyspareunia on the sexual dysfunction of the analyzed population.
Most patients exhibited sexual dysfunction, and deep dyspareunia was the pelvic painful symptom that showed correlation with sexual dysfunction.
Summary
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2014;36(4):170-175
DOI 10.1590/S0100-720320140050.0001
To examine the aspect of the uterine cavity after hysteroscopic endometrial ablation, to determine the prevalence of synechiae after the procedure, and to analyze the importance of hysteroscopy during the postoperative period.
The results of the hysteroscopic exams of 153 patients who underwent outpatient hysteroscopy after endometrial ablation due to abnormal uterine bleeding of benign etiology during the period from January 2006 to July 2011 were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were divided into two groups: HIST≤60 (n=90) consisting of patients undergoing the exam 40-60 days after the ablation procedure, and the group HIST>60 (n=63) consisting of patients undergoing the exam between 61 days and 12 months after the procedure.
In the HIST≤60 group, 30% of the patients presented some degree of synechiae: synechiae grade I in 4.4% of patients, grade II in 6.7% , grade IIa in 4.4%, grade III in 7.8%, and grade IV in 2.2%. In the HIST>60 group, 53.9% of all cases had synechiae, 3.2% were grade I, 11.1% grade II, 7.9% grade IIa, 15.9% grade III, and 4.8% grade IV. Hematometra was detected in 2.2 % of all cases in group HIST≤60 and in 6.3% of all cases in group HIST>60.
The uterine cavity of the patients submitted to diagnostic hysteroscopy up to 60 days after endometrial ablation showed significantly fewer synechiae compared to the uterine cavity of patients who underwent the exam after 60 days. Long-term follow-up is necessary to fully evaluate the importance of outpatient hysteroscopy after endometrial ablation regarding menstrual patterns, risk of cancer and prevalence of treatment failure.
Summary
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2014;36(4):170-175
DOI 10.1590/S0100-720320140050.0001
To examine the aspect of the uterine cavity after hysteroscopic endometrial ablation, to determine the prevalence of synechiae after the procedure, and to analyze the importance of hysteroscopy during the postoperative period.
The results of the hysteroscopic exams of 153 patients who underwent outpatient hysteroscopy after endometrial ablation due to abnormal uterine bleeding of benign etiology during the period from January 2006 to July 2011 were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were divided into two groups: HIST≤60 (n=90) consisting of patients undergoing the exam 40-60 days after the ablation procedure, and the group HIST>60 (n=63) consisting of patients undergoing the exam between 61 days and 12 months after the procedure.
In the HIST≤60 group, 30% of the patients presented some degree of synechiae: synechiae grade I in 4.4% of patients, grade II in 6.7% , grade IIa in 4.4%, grade III in 7.8%, and grade IV in 2.2%. In the HIST>60 group, 53.9% of all cases had synechiae, 3.2% were grade I, 11.1% grade II, 7.9% grade IIa, 15.9% grade III, and 4.8% grade IV. Hematometra was detected in 2.2 % of all cases in group HIST≤60 and in 6.3% of all cases in group HIST>60.
The uterine cavity of the patients submitted to diagnostic hysteroscopy up to 60 days after endometrial ablation showed significantly fewer synechiae compared to the uterine cavity of patients who underwent the exam after 60 days. Long-term follow-up is necessary to fully evaluate the importance of outpatient hysteroscopy after endometrial ablation regarding menstrual patterns, risk of cancer and prevalence of treatment failure.
Summary
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2010;32(1):26-32
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032010000100005
PURPOSE: to compare the pain reported by patients submitted to hysteroscopy by the standard technique with carbon dioxide (CO2) and to vaginal hysteroscopy with physiological saline (0.9% NaCl). METHODS: this was a prospective cohort study conducted at an ambulatory hysteroscopy service. A total of 117 patients with indication for the exam were included, being randomly assigned to one of the groups. All patients answered an epidemiological questionnaire and scored the pain expected before the exam and that felt after the end of the procedure on a verbal pain scale from 0 to 10. A speculum, traction of the cervix, insertion of a 30º light source and a diagnostic shirt with a total diameter of 5 mm were used for the standard technique. The cavity was distended with CO2 under a pressure of 100 mmHg controlled with a hysteroflator, and a biopsy was obtained with a Novak curette. Vaginoscopy was performed without a touch by distention of the vagina with fluid, direct visualization of the cervix and introduction of the light source with two continuous-flow shirts, with an accessory channel with an oval profile, the whole set measuring 5 mm in diameter. The medium distention was 0.9% NaCl and the pressure used was that considered to be necessary for an adequate visualization of the canal and of the cavity with an external pneumatic pressurizer. The biopsy was obtained in a directed manner using an endoscopic clamp. The mean and standard deviation were calculated for the quantitative variables and the frequency was calculated for the qualitative variables. The Student's t-test was used to compare the means, and the chi-square or exact Fisher test was used (when n<5) for the categorical analysis using the SPSS 15.0 software. The study was designed for a 95% test power, with the level of significance set at p<0.05. RESULTS: the groups were similar regarding age, parity, previous uterine surgeries, menopausal status, and the need for a biopsy. In comparison to the group submitted to the standard technique, the vaginoscopy group involved a lower technical difficulty (5.1 versus 17.2%, p=0.03), a higher rate of exams considered to be satisfactory (98.3 versus 89.7%, p=0.04) and a lower pain index (4.8 versus 6.1; p=0.01), as the difference were more evident when patients who never had a previous normal delivery were compared (4.9 versus 7.1; p=0.0001). When the pain scale was stratified as mild (0-4), moderate (5-7) or intense (8-10), the vaginoscopy technique was found to be associated with a 52% reduction of the frequency of intense pain (p=0.005). CONCLUSIONS: vaginohysteroscopy was proved to be a less painful procedure than the technique based on the use of a speculum and CO2, regardless of age, menopause or parity, with more satisfactory results and lower technical difficulty.
Summary
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2010;32(1):26-32
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032010000100005
PURPOSE: to compare the pain reported by patients submitted to hysteroscopy by the standard technique with carbon dioxide (CO2) and to vaginal hysteroscopy with physiological saline (0.9% NaCl). METHODS: this was a prospective cohort study conducted at an ambulatory hysteroscopy service. A total of 117 patients with indication for the exam were included, being randomly assigned to one of the groups. All patients answered an epidemiological questionnaire and scored the pain expected before the exam and that felt after the end of the procedure on a verbal pain scale from 0 to 10. A speculum, traction of the cervix, insertion of a 30º light source and a diagnostic shirt with a total diameter of 5 mm were used for the standard technique. The cavity was distended with CO2 under a pressure of 100 mmHg controlled with a hysteroflator, and a biopsy was obtained with a Novak curette. Vaginoscopy was performed without a touch by distention of the vagina with fluid, direct visualization of the cervix and introduction of the light source with two continuous-flow shirts, with an accessory channel with an oval profile, the whole set measuring 5 mm in diameter. The medium distention was 0.9% NaCl and the pressure used was that considered to be necessary for an adequate visualization of the canal and of the cavity with an external pneumatic pressurizer. The biopsy was obtained in a directed manner using an endoscopic clamp. The mean and standard deviation were calculated for the quantitative variables and the frequency was calculated for the qualitative variables. The Student's t-test was used to compare the means, and the chi-square or exact Fisher test was used (when n<5) for the categorical analysis using the SPSS 15.0 software. The study was designed for a 95% test power, with the level of significance set at p<0.05. RESULTS: the groups were similar regarding age, parity, previous uterine surgeries, menopausal status, and the need for a biopsy. In comparison to the group submitted to the standard technique, the vaginoscopy group involved a lower technical difficulty (5.1 versus 17.2%, p=0.03), a higher rate of exams considered to be satisfactory (98.3 versus 89.7%, p=0.04) and a lower pain index (4.8 versus 6.1; p=0.01), as the difference were more evident when patients who never had a previous normal delivery were compared (4.9 versus 7.1; p=0.0001). When the pain scale was stratified as mild (0-4), moderate (5-7) or intense (8-10), the vaginoscopy technique was found to be associated with a 52% reduction of the frequency of intense pain (p=0.005). CONCLUSIONS: vaginohysteroscopy was proved to be a less painful procedure than the technique based on the use of a speculum and CO2, regardless of age, menopause or parity, with more satisfactory results and lower technical difficulty.
Summary
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2013;35(6):274-280
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032013000600007
PURPOSE: To analyze the perinatal and pediatric outcome of fetuses that showed nuchal translucency (NT) above the 95th percentile (P95) and a normal karyotype in order to obtain data allowing better maternal prenatal counseling. METHODS: fetuses from a tertiary obstetric service with an NT above P95 and a normal karyotype were analyzed between 2005 and 2011. We analyzed gestational ultrasound follow-up, fetal and postnatal echocardiography (ECHO), weight, length and Apgar score at birth, and neuropsychomotor development by the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) up to July 2012. RESULTS: During this period, there were 116 cases of nuchal translucency above the 95th percentile, and the fetal karyotype was determined in 79 of them (68%). Forty-three analyses were normal (54.4%) and 36 were altered (45.6%). Among the fetuses with a normal karyotype, one was miscarried at 15 weeks of gestation with Cantrel pentalogy and one died at 24 weeks with several structural abnormalities. There was one neonatal death of unknown cause and two cases of intraventricular communication (IVC) detected by fetal ECHO. Postnatal echocardiography revealed the persistence of IVC in one case and one case of atrial septal defect (ASD) and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Of the 40 surviving children, only 1 showed delayed speech development and another presented autism. The remaining cases resulted in normal neurodevelopment. CONCLUSION: During the monitoring of fetuses with increased NT and a normal karyotype, parents can be best advised that when a 2nd trimester morphological-echocardiography ultrasound study is normal, the probability of the child being born alive and well is high (93.5%).
Summary
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2013;35(6):274-280
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032013000600007
PURPOSE: To analyze the perinatal and pediatric outcome of fetuses that showed nuchal translucency (NT) above the 95th percentile (P95) and a normal karyotype in order to obtain data allowing better maternal prenatal counseling. METHODS: fetuses from a tertiary obstetric service with an NT above P95 and a normal karyotype were analyzed between 2005 and 2011. We analyzed gestational ultrasound follow-up, fetal and postnatal echocardiography (ECHO), weight, length and Apgar score at birth, and neuropsychomotor development by the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) up to July 2012. RESULTS: During this period, there were 116 cases of nuchal translucency above the 95th percentile, and the fetal karyotype was determined in 79 of them (68%). Forty-three analyses were normal (54.4%) and 36 were altered (45.6%). Among the fetuses with a normal karyotype, one was miscarried at 15 weeks of gestation with Cantrel pentalogy and one died at 24 weeks with several structural abnormalities. There was one neonatal death of unknown cause and two cases of intraventricular communication (IVC) detected by fetal ECHO. Postnatal echocardiography revealed the persistence of IVC in one case and one case of atrial septal defect (ASD) and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Of the 40 surviving children, only 1 showed delayed speech development and another presented autism. The remaining cases resulted in normal neurodevelopment. CONCLUSION: During the monitoring of fetuses with increased NT and a normal karyotype, parents can be best advised that when a 2nd trimester morphological-echocardiography ultrasound study is normal, the probability of the child being born alive and well is high (93.5%).
Summary
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2007;29(6):285-290
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032007000600002
PURPOSE: to evaluate the spreading of endometrial cells to the peritoneal cavity during diagnostic hysteroscopy. METHODS: a prospective, descriptive study involving 76 patients divided in two groups: one with 61 patients without malignant endometrial cancer, and the other with 15 patients with endometrial cancer. Two samples of peritoneal fluid were collected, one before (PF-1) and the other immediately after (PF-2) the diagnostic hysteroscopy. Spread to the peritoneal cavity was defined by the presence of endometrial cells in PF-2, with the absence of such cells in PF-1. The 5 mm diameter Storz’s hysteroscopy was used. Distention was obtained by CO2 with electronically controlled flow pressure of 80 mmHg. The PF was fixated in absolute alcohol (ratio1:1). The PF samples were centrifuged and aliquots were smeared and stained using the Papanicolaou method. Analyses were performed by the same observer. RESULTS: during the study, four patients (5.26%) were excluded for presenting endometrial cells in PF-1. In the remaining 72 patients, there was no spread of cells to the peritoneal cavity. In the non-endometrial cancer group, 88.1% (52/59) presented secretory endometrial phase, with correlation of 80% between the hysteroscopy and the biopsy. In the group with endometrial cancer, most of the patients were in stage I (92.3%). There was a 100% correlation between the hysteroscopy/biopsy and histopathology of the surgical sample. CONCLUSIONS: the diagnostic hysteroscopy with CO2 at flow pressure of 80 mmHg did not cause spread of endometrial cells to the peritoneal cavity in both groups, thus suggesting that the diagnostic hysteroscopy is safe for patients at high risk for endometrial cancer.
Summary
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2007;29(6):285-290
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032007000600002
PURPOSE: to evaluate the spreading of endometrial cells to the peritoneal cavity during diagnostic hysteroscopy. METHODS: a prospective, descriptive study involving 76 patients divided in two groups: one with 61 patients without malignant endometrial cancer, and the other with 15 patients with endometrial cancer. Two samples of peritoneal fluid were collected, one before (PF-1) and the other immediately after (PF-2) the diagnostic hysteroscopy. Spread to the peritoneal cavity was defined by the presence of endometrial cells in PF-2, with the absence of such cells in PF-1. The 5 mm diameter Storz’s hysteroscopy was used. Distention was obtained by CO2 with electronically controlled flow pressure of 80 mmHg. The PF was fixated in absolute alcohol (ratio1:1). The PF samples were centrifuged and aliquots were smeared and stained using the Papanicolaou method. Analyses were performed by the same observer. RESULTS: during the study, four patients (5.26%) were excluded for presenting endometrial cells in PF-1. In the remaining 72 patients, there was no spread of cells to the peritoneal cavity. In the non-endometrial cancer group, 88.1% (52/59) presented secretory endometrial phase, with correlation of 80% between the hysteroscopy and the biopsy. In the group with endometrial cancer, most of the patients were in stage I (92.3%). There was a 100% correlation between the hysteroscopy/biopsy and histopathology of the surgical sample. CONCLUSIONS: the diagnostic hysteroscopy with CO2 at flow pressure of 80 mmHg did not cause spread of endometrial cells to the peritoneal cavity in both groups, thus suggesting that the diagnostic hysteroscopy is safe for patients at high risk for endometrial cancer.
Summary
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2005;27(6):347-352
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032005000600009
PURPOSE: to assess the interference of two vaginal lubricants (vaseline and silicone) in the interpretation of cervical oncotic cytology. METHODS: a prospective research on one hundred women from August to October 2003. The women were divided into two groups of 50 patients each, according to the type of lubricant used. Two smears were obtained from every patient: the first specimen soon after the introduction of non-lubricated speculum and the second after the use of lubricated speculum with vaseline (Group V) or silicone (Group S). The samples were analyzed by two cytotechnicians, who were unaware of the origin of the smears. RESULTS: among the 100 pairs of slides, 8 results were partially different. The reasons for the differences were not directly related to the use of lubricant and did not interfere with the cytologic findings. The number of discordant results was 6 in Group S and 2 in Group V, without a statistically significant difference (p=0.269). The number of satisfactory and satisfactory but limited results was statistically similar regarding the use or not of lubricant: Group S: 46 satisfactory slides and 4 satisfactory but limited slides (p=0.001 and kappa=0.802) and Group V: 48 satisfactory and 2 satisfactory but limited slides (p=0.001 and kappa=0.953). There were no unsatisfactory results. No artefacts were found in slides obtained with lubricated speculum. CONCLUSION: the use of lubricated speculum with vaseline or silicone does not affect cervical oncotic cytology outcome.
Summary
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2005;27(6):347-352
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032005000600009
PURPOSE: to assess the interference of two vaginal lubricants (vaseline and silicone) in the interpretation of cervical oncotic cytology. METHODS: a prospective research on one hundred women from August to October 2003. The women were divided into two groups of 50 patients each, according to the type of lubricant used. Two smears were obtained from every patient: the first specimen soon after the introduction of non-lubricated speculum and the second after the use of lubricated speculum with vaseline (Group V) or silicone (Group S). The samples were analyzed by two cytotechnicians, who were unaware of the origin of the smears. RESULTS: among the 100 pairs of slides, 8 results were partially different. The reasons for the differences were not directly related to the use of lubricant and did not interfere with the cytologic findings. The number of discordant results was 6 in Group S and 2 in Group V, without a statistically significant difference (p=0.269). The number of satisfactory and satisfactory but limited results was statistically similar regarding the use or not of lubricant: Group S: 46 satisfactory slides and 4 satisfactory but limited slides (p=0.001 and kappa=0.802) and Group V: 48 satisfactory and 2 satisfactory but limited slides (p=0.001 and kappa=0.953). There were no unsatisfactory results. No artefacts were found in slides obtained with lubricated speculum. CONCLUSION: the use of lubricated speculum with vaseline or silicone does not affect cervical oncotic cytology outcome.
Summary
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2018;40(7):390-396
To outline the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with deep intestinal endometriosis submitted to surgical treatment at a tertiary referral center with a multidisciplinary team, and correlate those characteristics with the surgical procedures performed and operative complications.
A prospective cohort from February 2012 to November 2016 of 32 women with deep intestinal endometriosis operations. The variables analyzed were: age; obesity; preoperative symptoms (dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, acyclic pain, dyschezia, infertility, urinary symptoms, constipation and intestinal bleeding); previous surgery for endometriosis; Enzian classification; size of the intestinal lesion; and surgical complications.
Themean age was 37.75 (±5.72) years. A total of 7 patients (22%) had a prior history of endometriosis. The mean of the largest diameter of the intestinal lesions identified intraoperatively was of 28.12 mm (±14.29 mm). In the Enzian classification, there was a predominance of lesions of the rectum and sigmoid, comprising 30 cases (94%). There were no statistically significant associations between the predictor variables and the outcome complications, even after the multiple logistic regression analysis. Regarding the size of the lesion, there was also no significant correlation with the outcome complications (p = 0.18; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]:0.94-1.44); however, there was a positive association between grade 3 of the Enzia classification and the more extensive surgical techniques: segmental intestinal resection and rectosigmoidectomy, with a prevalence risk of 4.4 (p < 0.001; 95%CI:1.60-12.09).
The studied sample consisted of highly symptomatic women. A high prevalence of deep infiltrative endometriosis lesions was found located in the rectum and sigmoid region, and their size correlated directly with the extent of the surgical resection performed.
Summary
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2018;40(7):390-396
To outline the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with deep intestinal endometriosis submitted to surgical treatment at a tertiary referral center with a multidisciplinary team, and correlate those characteristics with the surgical procedures performed and operative complications.
A prospective cohort from February 2012 to November 2016 of 32 women with deep intestinal endometriosis operations. The variables analyzed were: age; obesity; preoperative symptoms (dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, acyclic pain, dyschezia, infertility, urinary symptoms, constipation and intestinal bleeding); previous surgery for endometriosis; Enzian classification; size of the intestinal lesion; and surgical complications.
Themean age was 37.75 (±5.72) years. A total of 7 patients (22%) had a prior history of endometriosis. The mean of the largest diameter of the intestinal lesions identified intraoperatively was of 28.12 mm (±14.29 mm). In the Enzian classification, there was a predominance of lesions of the rectum and sigmoid, comprising 30 cases (94%). There were no statistically significant associations between the predictor variables and the outcome complications, even after the multiple logistic regression analysis. Regarding the size of the lesion, there was also no significant correlation with the outcome complications (p = 0.18; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]:0.94-1.44); however, there was a positive association between grade 3 of the Enzia classification and the more extensive surgical techniques: segmental intestinal resection and rectosigmoidectomy, with a prevalence risk of 4.4 (p < 0.001; 95%CI:1.60-12.09).
The studied sample consisted of highly symptomatic women. A high prevalence of deep infiltrative endometriosis lesions was found located in the rectum and sigmoid region, and their size correlated directly with the extent of the surgical resection performed.
Summary
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2001;23(7):445-448
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032001000700006
Purpose: to evaluate the results of 64 hysteroscopic endometrial ablations using a resectoscope in women with abnormal uterine bleeding of benign etiology and nonresponsive to clinical measures and to describe the failures and their associated conditions. Methods: sixty-four patients with abnormal uterine bleeding were submitted to the intervention between April 1994 and February 2000. The mean age was 42.9 years and the mean parity, 2.6 deliveries. Diagnostic hysteroscopy and endometrial biopsy were performed preoperatively. Before surgery, two women received gestrinone, six danazol and 44 GnRH analogue. During the surgery electric cauterization of the fundus uteri and cornual regions was made. Afterwards, with a resectoscope, the endometrium was removed as far as 1 cm above the internal ostium, and as deep as 2 to 3 mm into the myometrium. The uterine distension was obtained with 1.5% glycine and since two years ago with 3% manitol. The average follow-up was 11.5 months. After six months of endometrial ablation, the patients with persistence of symptoms were submitted to hysterectomy. Results: amenorrhea occurred in 31.2% of the patients and hypomenorrhea in 45.3%. The abnormal bleeding was maintained in 23.5%. There was one uterine perforation during the dilatation of the cervix. Results were better in the higher age and parity ranges and in the women who received GnRH analogues (p=0.03). Where the method was not successful there was a statistically significant frequency of submucous myoma (p=0.04) and a nonsignificant increase of secretory endometrium (p=0.12). Conclusions: the method is useful for the management of abnormal uterine bleeding of benign etiology. Previous administration of GnRH analogue is recommended. We suggest a special follow-up for the younger, low parous women, and those with submucous myoma, because they are the group with the poorest results.
Summary
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2001;23(7):445-448
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032001000700006
Purpose: to evaluate the results of 64 hysteroscopic endometrial ablations using a resectoscope in women with abnormal uterine bleeding of benign etiology and nonresponsive to clinical measures and to describe the failures and their associated conditions. Methods: sixty-four patients with abnormal uterine bleeding were submitted to the intervention between April 1994 and February 2000. The mean age was 42.9 years and the mean parity, 2.6 deliveries. Diagnostic hysteroscopy and endometrial biopsy were performed preoperatively. Before surgery, two women received gestrinone, six danazol and 44 GnRH analogue. During the surgery electric cauterization of the fundus uteri and cornual regions was made. Afterwards, with a resectoscope, the endometrium was removed as far as 1 cm above the internal ostium, and as deep as 2 to 3 mm into the myometrium. The uterine distension was obtained with 1.5% glycine and since two years ago with 3% manitol. The average follow-up was 11.5 months. After six months of endometrial ablation, the patients with persistence of symptoms were submitted to hysterectomy. Results: amenorrhea occurred in 31.2% of the patients and hypomenorrhea in 45.3%. The abnormal bleeding was maintained in 23.5%. There was one uterine perforation during the dilatation of the cervix. Results were better in the higher age and parity ranges and in the women who received GnRH analogues (p=0.03). Where the method was not successful there was a statistically significant frequency of submucous myoma (p=0.04) and a nonsignificant increase of secretory endometrium (p=0.12). Conclusions: the method is useful for the management of abnormal uterine bleeding of benign etiology. Previous administration of GnRH analogue is recommended. We suggest a special follow-up for the younger, low parous women, and those with submucous myoma, because they are the group with the poorest results.