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Review Article10-18-2021
Prenatal Ultrasound Diagnosis of Biometric changes in the Brain of Growth Restricted Fetuses. A Systematic Review of Literature
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2021;43(7):545-559
Abstract
Review ArticlePrenatal Ultrasound Diagnosis of Biometric changes in the Brain of Growth Restricted Fetuses. A Systematic Review of Literature
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2021;43(7):545-559
Views160See moreAbstract
Fetal growth restriction (FGR) occurswhen the fetus does not reach its intrauterine potential for growth and development as a result of compromise in placental function. It is a condition that affects 5 to 10% of pregnancies and is the second most common cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Children born with FGR are at risk of impaired neurological and cognitive development and cardiovascular or endocrine diseases in adulthood. The purpose of the present revision is to perform a literature search for evidence on the detection and assessment by ultrasound of brain injury linked to FGR during fetal life. Using a systematic approach and quantitative evaluation as study methodology, we reviewed ultrasound studies of the fetal brain structure of growth-restricted fetuses with objective quality measures. A total of eight studies were identified. High quality studies were identified for measurement of brain volumes; corpus callosum; brain fissure depth measurements, and cavum septi pellucidi width measurement. A low-quality study was available for transverse cerebellar diameter measurement in FGR. Further prospective randomized studies are needed to understand the changes that occur in the brain of fetuseswith restricted growth, as well as their correlation with the changes in cognitive development observed.
Views160
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract
Review ArticlePrenatal Ultrasound Diagnosis of Biometric changes in the Brain of Growth Restricted Fetuses. A Systematic Review of Literature
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2021;43(7):545-559
Views160See moreAbstract
Fetal growth restriction (FGR) occurswhen the fetus does not reach its intrauterine potential for growth and development as a result of compromise in placental function. It is a condition that affects 5 to 10% of pregnancies and is the second most common cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Children born with FGR are at risk of impaired neurological and cognitive development and cardiovascular or endocrine diseases in adulthood. The purpose of the present revision is to perform a literature search for evidence on the detection and assessment by ultrasound of brain injury linked to FGR during fetal life. Using a systematic approach and quantitative evaluation as study methodology, we reviewed ultrasound studies of the fetal brain structure of growth-restricted fetuses with objective quality measures. A total of eight studies were identified. High quality studies were identified for measurement of brain volumes; corpus callosum; brain fissure depth measurements, and cavum septi pellucidi width measurement. A low-quality study was available for transverse cerebellar diameter measurement in FGR. Further prospective randomized studies are needed to understand the changes that occur in the brain of fetuseswith restricted growth, as well as their correlation with the changes in cognitive development observed.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. -
Review Article10-18-2021
Placental Findings in Preterm and Term Preeclampsia: An Integrative Review of the Literature
- Luciana Pietro
, - José Paulo de Siqueira Guida ,
- Guilherme de Moraes Nobrega ,
- Arthur Antolini-Tavares ,
- Maria Laura Costa
Abstract
Review ArticlePlacental Findings in Preterm and Term Preeclampsia: An Integrative Review of the Literature
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2021;43(7):560-569
- Luciana Pietro ,
- José Paulo de Siqueira Guida ,
- Guilherme de Moraes Nobrega ,
- Arthur Antolini-Tavares ,
- Maria Laura Costa
Views249Abstract
Introduction
Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy complication associated with increased maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. The disease presents with recent onset hypertension (after 20 weeks of gestation) and proteinuria, and can progress to multiple organ dysfunction, with worse outcomes among early onset preeclampsia (EOP) cases (<34 weeks). The placenta is considered the root cause of PE; it represents the interface between the mother and the fetus, and acts as a macromembrane between the two circulations, due to its villous and vascular structures. Therefore, in pathological conditions, macroscopic and microscopic evaluation can provide clinically useful information that can confirm diagnosis and enlighten about outcomes and future therapeutic benefit.
Objective
To perform an integrative review of the literature on pathological placental findings associated to preeclampsia (comparing EOP and late onset preeclampsia [LOP]) and its impacts on clinical manifestations.
Results:
Cases of EOP presented worse maternal and perinatal outcomes, and pathophysiological and anatomopathological findings were different between EOP and LOP placentas, with less placental perfusion, greater placental pathological changes with less villous volume (villous hypoplasia), greater amount of trophoblastic debris, syncytial nodules, microcalcification, villous infarcts, decidual arteriolopathy in EOP placentas when compared with LOP placentas. Clinically, the use of low doses of aspirin has been shown to be effective in preventing PE, as well asmagnesium sulfate in preventing seizures in cases of severe features.
Conclusion
The anatomopathological characteristics between EOP and LOP are significantly different, with large morphological changes in cases of EOP, such as
Key-words anatomopathological characteristicsmaternal mortality and morbidityPlacentapreeclampsia early onsetpreeclampsia late onsetSee moreViews249This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract
Review ArticlePlacental Findings in Preterm and Term Preeclampsia: An Integrative Review of the Literature
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2021;43(7):560-569
- Luciana Pietro ,
- José Paulo de Siqueira Guida ,
- Guilherme de Moraes Nobrega ,
- Arthur Antolini-Tavares ,
- Maria Laura Costa
Views249Abstract
Introduction
Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy complication associated with increased maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. The disease presents with recent onset hypertension (after 20 weeks of gestation) and proteinuria, and can progress to multiple organ dysfunction, with worse outcomes among early onset preeclampsia (EOP) cases (<34 weeks). The placenta is considered the root cause of PE; it represents the interface between the mother and the fetus, and acts as a macromembrane between the two circulations, due to its villous and vascular structures. Therefore, in pathological conditions, macroscopic and microscopic evaluation can provide clinically useful information that can confirm diagnosis and enlighten about outcomes and future therapeutic benefit.
Objective
To perform an integrative review of the literature on pathological placental findings associated to preeclampsia (comparing EOP and late onset preeclampsia [LOP]) and its impacts on clinical manifestations.
Results:
Cases of EOP presented worse maternal and perinatal outcomes, and pathophysiological and anatomopathological findings were different between EOP and LOP placentas, with less placental perfusion, greater placental pathological changes with less villous volume (villous hypoplasia), greater amount of trophoblastic debris, syncytial nodules, microcalcification, villous infarcts, decidual arteriolopathy in EOP placentas when compared with LOP placentas. Clinically, the use of low doses of aspirin has been shown to be effective in preventing PE, as well asmagnesium sulfate in preventing seizures in cases of severe features.
Conclusion
The anatomopathological characteristics between EOP and LOP are significantly different, with large morphological changes in cases of EOP, such as
Key-words anatomopathological characteristicsmaternal mortality and morbidityPlacentapreeclampsia early onsetpreeclampsia late onsetSee moreThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. - Luciana Pietro
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Review Article07-30-2021
Clinical Features and Maternal-fetal Results of Pregnant Women in COVID-19 Times
- Ana Paula Nogueira Godoi ,
- Gilcelia Correia Santos Bernardes ,
- Leilismara Sousa Nogueira ,
- Patrícia Nessralla Alpoim ,
- Melina de Barros Pinheiro
Abstract
Review ArticleClinical Features and Maternal-fetal Results of Pregnant Women in COVID-19 Times
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2021;43(5):384-394
- Ana Paula Nogueira Godoi ,
- Gilcelia Correia Santos Bernardes ,
- Leilismara Sousa Nogueira ,
- Patrícia Nessralla Alpoim ,
- Melina de Barros Pinheiro
Views269See moreAbstract
Objective
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2), which usually leads to non-specific respiratory symptoms. Although pregnant women are considered at risk for respiratory infections by other viruses, such as SARS and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), little is known about their vulnerability to SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, this study aims to identify and present the main studies on the topic, including the postpartum period.
Methods
In this narrative review, articles were searched in various databases, organizations, and health entities using keywords compatible with medical subject headings (MeSH), such as: COVID-19, pregnancy, vertical transmission, coronavirus 2019, and SARS-CoV-2.
Results
The review of the scientific literature on the subject revealed that pregnant women with COVID-19 did not present clinical manifestations significantly different from those of non-pregnant women; however, there are contraindicated therapies. Regarding fetuses, studies were identified that reported that infection by SARS-CoV-2 in pregnant women can cause fetal distress, breathing difficulties and premature birth, but there is no substantial evidence of vertical transmission.
Conclusion
Due to the lack of adequate information and the limitations of the analyzed studies, it is necessary to provide detailed clinical data on pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2 and on the maternal-fetal repercussions caused by this infection. Thus, this review may contribute to expand the knowledge of professionals working in the area as well as to guide more advanced studies on the risk related to pregnant women and their newborns. Meanwhile, monitoring of confirmed or suspected pregnant women with COVID-19 is essential, including in the postpartum period.
Views269This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract
Review ArticleClinical Features and Maternal-fetal Results of Pregnant Women in COVID-19 Times
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2021;43(5):384-394
- Ana Paula Nogueira Godoi ,
- Gilcelia Correia Santos Bernardes ,
- Leilismara Sousa Nogueira ,
- Patrícia Nessralla Alpoim ,
- Melina de Barros Pinheiro
Views269See moreAbstract
Objective
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2), which usually leads to non-specific respiratory symptoms. Although pregnant women are considered at risk for respiratory infections by other viruses, such as SARS and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), little is known about their vulnerability to SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, this study aims to identify and present the main studies on the topic, including the postpartum period.
Methods
In this narrative review, articles were searched in various databases, organizations, and health entities using keywords compatible with medical subject headings (MeSH), such as: COVID-19, pregnancy, vertical transmission, coronavirus 2019, and SARS-CoV-2.
Results
The review of the scientific literature on the subject revealed that pregnant women with COVID-19 did not present clinical manifestations significantly different from those of non-pregnant women; however, there are contraindicated therapies. Regarding fetuses, studies were identified that reported that infection by SARS-CoV-2 in pregnant women can cause fetal distress, breathing difficulties and premature birth, but there is no substantial evidence of vertical transmission.
Conclusion
Due to the lack of adequate information and the limitations of the analyzed studies, it is necessary to provide detailed clinical data on pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2 and on the maternal-fetal repercussions caused by this infection. Thus, this review may contribute to expand the knowledge of professionals working in the area as well as to guide more advanced studies on the risk related to pregnant women and their newborns. Meanwhile, monitoring of confirmed or suspected pregnant women with COVID-19 is essential, including in the postpartum period.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. - Ana Paula Nogueira Godoi
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Review Article07-30-2021
The Female Athlete Triad/Relative Energy Deficiency in Sports (RED-S)
- Alexandra Ruivo Coelho ,
- Gonçalo Cardoso ,
- Marta Espanhol Brito ,
- Inês Neves Gomes ,
- Maria João Cascais
Abstract
Review ArticleThe Female Athlete Triad/Relative Energy Deficiency in Sports (RED-S)
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2021;43(5):395-402
- Alexandra Ruivo Coelho ,
- Gonçalo Cardoso ,
- Marta Espanhol Brito ,
- Inês Neves Gomes ,
- Maria João Cascais
Views452See moreAbstract
In a healthy athlete, the caloric intake is sufficient for sports energy needs and body physiological functions, allowing a balance between energy availability, bone metabolism, andmenstrual cycle.Onthe other hand, an imbalance causedby low energy availability dueto a restrictive diet, eating disorders or long periods of energy expenditure leads to multisystemic deregulation favoring the essential functions of the body. This phenomenon, described as the female athlete triad, occurs in a considerable percentage of high-performance athletes, with harmful consequences for their future. The present review was carried out based on a critical analysis of themost recent publications available and aims to provide a global perception of the topic relative energy deficit in sport (RED-S). The objective is to promote theacquisition ofmore consolidated knowledgeon an undervaluedtheme, enabling the acquisition of preventive strategies, early diagnosis and/or appropriate treatment.
Views452This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract
Review ArticleThe Female Athlete Triad/Relative Energy Deficiency in Sports (RED-S)
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2021;43(5):395-402
- Alexandra Ruivo Coelho ,
- Gonçalo Cardoso ,
- Marta Espanhol Brito ,
- Inês Neves Gomes ,
- Maria João Cascais
Views452See moreAbstract
In a healthy athlete, the caloric intake is sufficient for sports energy needs and body physiological functions, allowing a balance between energy availability, bone metabolism, andmenstrual cycle.Onthe other hand, an imbalance causedby low energy availability dueto a restrictive diet, eating disorders or long periods of energy expenditure leads to multisystemic deregulation favoring the essential functions of the body. This phenomenon, described as the female athlete triad, occurs in a considerable percentage of high-performance athletes, with harmful consequences for their future. The present review was carried out based on a critical analysis of themost recent publications available and aims to provide a global perception of the topic relative energy deficit in sport (RED-S). The objective is to promote theacquisition ofmore consolidated knowledgeon an undervaluedtheme, enabling the acquisition of preventive strategies, early diagnosis and/or appropriate treatment.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. - Alexandra Ruivo Coelho
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Review Article07-30-2021
Interventions among Pregnant Women in the Field of Music Therapy: A Systematic Review
- Bruna Mayumi Omori Shimada ,
- Magda da Silva Oliveira Menezes dos Santos ,
- Mayara Alvares Cabral ,
- Vanessa Oliveira Silva ,
- Gislaine Cristina Vagetti
Abstract
Review ArticleInterventions among Pregnant Women in the Field of Music Therapy: A Systematic Review
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2021;43(5):403-413
- Bruna Mayumi Omori Shimada ,
- Magda da Silva Oliveira Menezes dos Santos ,
- Mayara Alvares Cabral ,
- Vanessa Oliveira Silva ,
- Gislaine Cristina Vagetti
Views417See moreAbstract
Objective
To investigate in the literature the studies on the benefits ofmusic therapy interventions among pregnant women in the prenatal, delivery and postpartum periods.
Data Sources
The search for articles was carried out in the following electronic databases: VHL, LILACS, SciELO, Portal CAPES, PsycINFO, ERIC, PubMed/Medline, and journals specialized in this field: Revista Brasileira de Musicoterapia (“Brazilian Journal of Music Therapy”) and Voices.
Study Selection
Descriptors in Portuguese (musicoterapia, gravidez, gestantes, revisão), English (music therapy, pregnancy, pregnant women, review) and Spanish (musicoterapia, embarazo, mujeres embarazadas, revisión) were used. The search was delimited between January 2009 and June 2019. The process of selection and evaluation of the articles was performed through peer review.
Data Collectio
n The following data were extracted: article title, year of publication, journal, author(s), database, country and date of collection, purpose of the study, sample size, type of care, intervention, instruments used, results, and conclusion. The data were organized in chronological order based on the year of publication of thestudy.
Summary of the Data
In total, 146 articles were identified, and only 23 studies were included in this systematic review. The articles found indicate among their results relaxation, decreased levels of anxiety, psychosocial stress and depression, decreased pain, increase in the maternal bond, improvement in the quality of sleep, control of the fetal heart rate and maternal blood pressure, and decreased intake of drugs in the postoperative period.
Conclusion
Music therapy during the prenatal, delivery and postpartum periods can provide benefits to pregnant women and newborns, thus justifying its importance in this field.
Views417This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract
Review ArticleInterventions among Pregnant Women in the Field of Music Therapy: A Systematic Review
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2021;43(5):403-413
- Bruna Mayumi Omori Shimada ,
- Magda da Silva Oliveira Menezes dos Santos ,
- Mayara Alvares Cabral ,
- Vanessa Oliveira Silva ,
- Gislaine Cristina Vagetti
Views417See moreAbstract
Objective
To investigate in the literature the studies on the benefits ofmusic therapy interventions among pregnant women in the prenatal, delivery and postpartum periods.
Data Sources
The search for articles was carried out in the following electronic databases: VHL, LILACS, SciELO, Portal CAPES, PsycINFO, ERIC, PubMed/Medline, and journals specialized in this field: Revista Brasileira de Musicoterapia (“Brazilian Journal of Music Therapy”) and Voices.
Study Selection
Descriptors in Portuguese (musicoterapia, gravidez, gestantes, revisão), English (music therapy, pregnancy, pregnant women, review) and Spanish (musicoterapia, embarazo, mujeres embarazadas, revisión) were used. The search was delimited between January 2009 and June 2019. The process of selection and evaluation of the articles was performed through peer review.
Data Collectio
n The following data were extracted: article title, year of publication, journal, author(s), database, country and date of collection, purpose of the study, sample size, type of care, intervention, instruments used, results, and conclusion. The data were organized in chronological order based on the year of publication of thestudy.
Summary of the Data
In total, 146 articles were identified, and only 23 studies were included in this systematic review. The articles found indicate among their results relaxation, decreased levels of anxiety, psychosocial stress and depression, decreased pain, increase in the maternal bond, improvement in the quality of sleep, control of the fetal heart rate and maternal blood pressure, and decreased intake of drugs in the postoperative period.
Conclusion
Music therapy during the prenatal, delivery and postpartum periods can provide benefits to pregnant women and newborns, thus justifying its importance in this field.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. - Bruna Mayumi Omori Shimada
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Review Article07-27-2021
Morphology and Biochemistry of Ovulation Morfologia e bioquímica da ovulação
- Sebastião Freitas de Medeiros ,
- Bruna Barcelo Barbosa ,
- Matheus Antonio Souto de Medeiros ,
- Márcia Marly Winck Yamamoto
Abstract
Review ArticleMorphology and Biochemistry of Ovulation Morfologia e bioquímica da ovulação
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2021;43(6):480-486
- Sebastião Freitas de Medeiros ,
- Bruna Barcelo Barbosa ,
- Matheus Antonio Souto de Medeiros ,
- Márcia Marly Winck Yamamoto
Views297See moreAbstract
The process of ovulation involves multiple and iterrelated genetic, biochemical, and morphological events: cessation of the proliferation of granulosa cells, resumption of oocyte meiosis, expansion of cumulus cell-oocyte complexes, digestion of the follicle wall, and extrusion of the metaphase-II oocyte. The present narrative review examines these interrelated steps in detail. The combined or isolated roles of the folliclestimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) are highlighted. Genes indiced by the FSH genes are relevant in the cumulus expansion, and LH-induced genes are critical for the resumption ofmeiosis and digestion of the follicle wall. A nonhuman model for follicle-wall digestion and oocyte release was provided.
Views297This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract
Review ArticleMorphology and Biochemistry of Ovulation Morfologia e bioquímica da ovulação
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2021;43(6):480-486
- Sebastião Freitas de Medeiros ,
- Bruna Barcelo Barbosa ,
- Matheus Antonio Souto de Medeiros ,
- Márcia Marly Winck Yamamoto
Views297See moreAbstract
The process of ovulation involves multiple and iterrelated genetic, biochemical, and morphological events: cessation of the proliferation of granulosa cells, resumption of oocyte meiosis, expansion of cumulus cell-oocyte complexes, digestion of the follicle wall, and extrusion of the metaphase-II oocyte. The present narrative review examines these interrelated steps in detail. The combined or isolated roles of the folliclestimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) are highlighted. Genes indiced by the FSH genes are relevant in the cumulus expansion, and LH-induced genes are critical for the resumption ofmeiosis and digestion of the follicle wall. A nonhuman model for follicle-wall digestion and oocyte release was provided.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 
- Sebastião Freitas de Medeiros
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Review Article06-02-2021
SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Placental Pathology Infecção por SARS-CoV-2 e patologia placentária
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2021;43(6):474-479
Abstract
Review ArticleSARS-CoV-2 Infection and Placental Pathology Infecção por SARS-CoV-2 e patologia placentária
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2021;43(6):474-479
Views236See moreAbstract
Placental pathophysiology in SARS-CoV-2 infection can help researchers understand more about the infection and its impact on thematernal/neonatal outcomes. This brief review provides an overview about some aspects of the placental pathology in SARSCoV- 2 infection. In total, 11 papers were included. The current literature suggests that there are no specific histopathological characteristics in the placenta related to SARSCoV- 2 infection, but placentas frominfected women aremore likely to show findings of maternal and/or fetal malperfusion. The most common findings in placentas from infected women were fibrin deposition and intense recruitment of inflammatory infiltrates. The transplacental transmission of this virus is unlikely to occur, probably due to low expression of the receptor for SARS-CoV-2 in placental cell types. Further studies are needed to improve our knowledge about the interaction between the virus and the mother-fetus dyad and the impact on maternal and neonatal/fetal outcomes.
Views236This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract
Review ArticleSARS-CoV-2 Infection and Placental Pathology Infecção por SARS-CoV-2 e patologia placentária
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2021;43(6):474-479
Views236See moreAbstract
Placental pathophysiology in SARS-CoV-2 infection can help researchers understand more about the infection and its impact on thematernal/neonatal outcomes. This brief review provides an overview about some aspects of the placental pathology in SARSCoV- 2 infection. In total, 11 papers were included. The current literature suggests that there are no specific histopathological characteristics in the placenta related to SARSCoV- 2 infection, but placentas frominfected women aremore likely to show findings of maternal and/or fetal malperfusion. The most common findings in placentas from infected women were fibrin deposition and intense recruitment of inflammatory infiltrates. The transplacental transmission of this virus is unlikely to occur, probably due to low expression of the receptor for SARS-CoV-2 in placental cell types. Further studies are needed to improve our knowledge about the interaction between the virus and the mother-fetus dyad and the impact on maternal and neonatal/fetal outcomes.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. -
Review Article03-08-2021
COVID-19: Uncertainties from Conception to Birth
- Bruno Ramalho de Carvalho ,
- Karina de Sá Adami ,
- Walusa Assad Gonçalves-Ferri ,
- Marise Samama ,
- Rui Alberto Ferriani , [ ... ],
- Alessandra Cristina Marcolin
Abstract
Review ArticleCOVID-19: Uncertainties from Conception to Birth
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2021;43(1):54-60
- Bruno Ramalho de Carvalho ,
- Karina de Sá Adami ,
- Walusa Assad Gonçalves-Ferri ,
- Marise Samama ,
- Rui Alberto Ferriani ,
- Alessandra Cristina Marcolin
Views168See moreAbstract
Scientific information on the impact of the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) on the health of pregnant women, fetuses and newborns is considered of limited confidence, lacking good-quality evidence, and drawing biased conclusions. As a matter of fact, the initial impressions that the evolution of COVID-19 was no different between pregnant and non-pregnant women, and that SARS-CoV-2 was not vertically transmitted, are confronted by the documentation of worsening of the disease during pregnancy, poor obstetric outcomes, and the possibility of vertical transmission. The present article aims to compile the data available on the association of COVID-19 and reproductive events, from conception to birth.
Views168This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract
Review ArticleCOVID-19: Uncertainties from Conception to Birth
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2021;43(1):54-60
- Bruno Ramalho de Carvalho ,
- Karina de Sá Adami ,
- Walusa Assad Gonçalves-Ferri ,
- Marise Samama ,
- Rui Alberto Ferriani ,
- Alessandra Cristina Marcolin
Views168See moreAbstract
Scientific information on the impact of the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) on the health of pregnant women, fetuses and newborns is considered of limited confidence, lacking good-quality evidence, and drawing biased conclusions. As a matter of fact, the initial impressions that the evolution of COVID-19 was no different between pregnant and non-pregnant women, and that SARS-CoV-2 was not vertically transmitted, are confronted by the documentation of worsening of the disease during pregnancy, poor obstetric outcomes, and the possibility of vertical transmission. The present article aims to compile the data available on the association of COVID-19 and reproductive events, from conception to birth.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. - Bruno Ramalho de Carvalho
Review Article Archives - Page 5 of 24 - Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia
