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04-11-1998
A FEBRASGO e as ações voltadas para a promoção da saúde
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(6):301-301
Views68This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract
A FEBRASGO e as ações voltadas para a promoção da saúde
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(6):301-301
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. -
04-10-1998
Avaliação longitudinal de aspectos imunológicos e virológicos durante a gravidez e puerpério em mulheres portadoras do vírus da imunodeficiência humana tipo 1 (HIV-1)
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(3):170-170
Views108This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract
Avaliação longitudinal de aspectos imunológicos e virológicos durante a gravidez e puerpério em mulheres portadoras do vírus da imunodeficiência humana tipo 1 (HIV-1)
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(3):170-170
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72031998000300011
Views108Avaliação Longitudinal de Aspectos Imunológicos e Virológicos Durante a Gravidez e Puerpério em Mulheres Portadoras do Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana Tipo 1 (HIV-1)[…]See moreThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. -
04-10-1998
A dopplervelocimetria com mapeamento em cores dos ramos intramiometriais da artéria uterina de mulheres na pós-menopausa, com e sem carcinoma de endométrio
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(3):169-170
Views83This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract
A dopplervelocimetria com mapeamento em cores dos ramos intramiometriais da artéria uterina de mulheres na pós-menopausa, com e sem carcinoma de endométrio
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(3):169-170
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72031998000300010
Views83A Dopplervelocimetria com Mapeamento em Cores dos Ramos Intramiometriais da Artéria Uterina de Mulheres na Pós-Menopausa, com e sem Carcinoma de Endométrio[…]See moreThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. -
04-10-1998
Avaliação da esteroidogênese das supra-renais em mulheres normais por meio dos testes de ACTH simples de depósito
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(3):169-169
Views80This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract
Avaliação da esteroidogênese das supra-renais em mulheres normais por meio dos testes de ACTH simples de depósito
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(3):169-169
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72031998000300009
Views80Avaliação da Esteroidogênese das Supra-Renais em Mulheres Normais por Meio dos Testes de ACTH Simples de Depósito[…]See moreThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. -
Case Report04-10-1998
Recurrent HELLP syndrome: report on two cases
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(3):165-167
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This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract
Case ReportRecurrent HELLP syndrome: report on two cases
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(3):165-167
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72031998000300008
Views93See moreHELLP syndrome is a severe complication of preeclampsia that increases maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Two cases of recurrent HELLP syndrome are described, maternal death occurring in one of the cases. This study is a warning about the increased risk of HELLP syndrome in the next pregnancy.
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This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. -
Case Report04-10-1998
Fetal reanimation: a case report
- José Maria Soares Júnior,
- Wladimir Correa Taborda,
- Anna Maria Bertini,
- Jorge Francisco Kuhn dos Santos
Views93This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract
Case ReportFetal reanimation: a case report
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(3):161-163
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72031998000300007
- José Maria Soares Júnior,
- Wladimir Correa Taborda,
- Anna Maria Bertini,
- Jorge Francisco Kuhn dos Santos
Views93See moreA tocolytic treatment is described with the use of terbutaline in a case of cardiotocographic prolonged deceleration of fetal heart rate with successful outcome.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. -
Equipments and Methods04-10-1998
A new catheter in the treatment of fetal obstructive uropathies
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(3):155-159
Views83This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract
Equipments and MethodsA new catheter in the treatment of fetal obstructive uropathies
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(3):155-159
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72031998000300006
Views83See moreManagement of prenatally diagnosed uropathies is controversial, mainly because the prognosis for these fetuses is quite different. However pioneering studies have shown that prenatal drainage of obstructed urinary tract can improve the outcome of selected fetuses. The aim of this study is to describe the experience of the Service with the treatment of fetal obstrutive uropathy with the catheter developed by the Centro de Medicina Fetal do Hospital das Clínicas da UFMG. A total of 25 fetuses with obstructive uropathy received the catheter. Three fetuses required more than one insertion. Ten of 25 (40%) shunted fetuses survived with good postnatal renal and pulmonary function. Complications occurred in 12/25 (48%) cases including: 06/25 (24%) inadequate shunt drainage or migration; 01/25 (04%) urinary ascitis; 01/25 (04%) DPP, 01/25 (04%) premature rupture of membranes, 02/25 (08%) premature labor, 01/25 (04%) scarring and fibrosis of the renal parenchyma. Three of 25 (12%) fetuses died intra-utero and 12 (48%) died during the neonatal period. In conclusion, the drainage of the obstructed urinary tract with this catheter proved to be technically feasible and safe for both mother and fetus, with a survival rate of 40%.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. -
Original Article04-10-1998
Prevalence and correlates of hiv infection and syphilis in prostitutes attending a STD/AIDS reference center
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(3):151-154
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This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract
Original ArticlePrevalence and correlates of hiv infection and syphilis in prostitutes attending a STD/AIDS reference center
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(3):151-154
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72031998000300005
Views120See moreA retrospective study examining medical records of female prostitutes attending the STD/AIDS Reference Center in Vitória, Brazil from January/93 to December/96 was conducted. During this period, 180 women received medical and psychological care in this clinic. Mean age was 25.9 year (SD=6.8). Out of 180, 140 agreed to be tested for HIV, of whom 12 (8.6%) had a positive result. Among 157 women who agreed to be tested for syphilis, 144 (91.7%) had a negative result, while 13 (8.3%) had a positive one. According to the educational degree, 6 (3.3%) women were illiterate, 114 (63.3%) attended elementary school, 37 (20.6%) attended secondary school, 7 (3.9%) went to college and 16 gave no information. One hundred and forty-one patients (78.3%) were single, 17 (9.4%) married, 10 (5,5%) divorced and 4 (2.2%) widows. The frequency of condom use was: always, 56 (31.3%), sometimes, 93 (52.0%), and 30 (16.8%) never used condoms. Other STDs were reported by 89 (49.4%) women and 9 (5.0%) reported intravenous (IV) drug use. There was a significant difference between the HIV positive and the negative group only regarding IV drug abuse (p=0.031) and syphilis infection (p=0.014). The present study showed prevalence rates of HIV infection among prostitutes in Vitória much higher than those found in the general population. There is a pressing need to improve medical assistance and educational campaigns especially designed to reach this population of women, and focusing the importance of regular condom use and the risks associated with IV drug abuse.
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This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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FEBRASGO POSITION STATEMENT03-01-2019
Increasing the Chances of Natural Conception: Opinion Statement from the the Brazilian Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics Associations – FEBRASGO Committee of Gynecological Endocrinology
- Bruno Ramalho de Carvalho
,
- Ionara Diniz Evangelista Santos Barcelos,
- Sebastião Freitas de Medeiros,
- Cristina Laguna Benetti-Pinto,
- Daniela Angerame Yela, [ … ],
- Laura Olinda Bregieiro Fernandes Costa
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This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract
FEBRASGO POSITION STATEMENTIncreasing the Chances of Natural Conception: Opinion Statement from the the Brazilian Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics Associations – FEBRASGO Committee of Gynecological Endocrinology
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2019;41(3):183-190
- Bruno Ramalho de Carvalho
,
- Ionara Diniz Evangelista Santos Barcelos,
- Sebastião Freitas de Medeiros,
- Cristina Laguna Benetti-Pinto,
- Daniela Angerame Yela,
- Andrea Prestes Nácul,
- Gustavo Arantes Rosa Maciel,
- José Maria Soares Júnior,
- Ana Carolina Japur de Sá Rosa e Silva,
- Laura Olinda Bregieiro Fernandes Costa
Views467See moreAbstract
Considering that myths and misconceptions regarding natural procreation spread rapidly in the era of easy access to information and to social networks, adequate counseling about natural fertility and spontaneous conception should be encouraged in any kind of health assistance. Despite the fact that there is no strong-powered evidence about any of the aspects related to natural fertility, literature on how to increase the chances of a spontaneous pregnancy is available. In the present article, the Brazilian Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics Associations (FEBRASGO, in the Portuguese acronym) Committee on Endocrine Gynecology provides suggestions to optimize counseling for non-infertile people attempting spontaneous conception.
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This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. - Bruno Ramalho de Carvalho
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Original Article11-01-2018
Do Food Intake and Food Cravings Change during the Menstrual Cycle of Young Women?
- Luciana Bronzi de Souza,
- Karine Anusca Martins,
- Mariana Morais Cordeiro,
- Ymárdila de Souza Rodrigues,
- Bruna Paola Murino Rafacho, [ … ],
- Rafael Aiello Bomfim
Views434PlumX Metrics- Citations
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This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract
Original ArticleDo Food Intake and Food Cravings Change during the Menstrual Cycle of Young Women?
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2018;40(11):686-692
- Luciana Bronzi de Souza,
- Karine Anusca Martins,
- Mariana Morais Cordeiro,
- Ymárdila de Souza Rodrigues,
- Bruna Paola Murino Rafacho,
- Rafael Aiello Bomfim
Views434Abstract
Objective
The aim of the present study was to assess the anthropometric measures, food intake and food cravings during the menstrual cycle of undergraduate students of the faculty of nutrition.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was performed with 27 students from a public university in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, who had their food intake evaluated through a 24-hour food recall, their nutritional status evaluated based on anthropometric measures, and food cravings evaluated using the Food Desire Questionnaire. Data were collected during an evaluation in the follicular phase (between the 5th and the 9th day of the menstrual cycle) and another in the luteal phase (LP) (between the 20th and the 25th day of the menstrual cycle). For food intake variables, the analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used, followed by the Tukey test. The Mann-Whitney test was used for the analysis of food cravings, considering a significance level of 5% (p< 0.05).
Results
The desire for foods rich in sugar, salt, and fat, such as chocolate, pastries, snacks and desserts were higher (p< 0.05) during the premenstrual period, although it did not reflect neither a higher energy intake nor an alteration in the distribution of macronutrients. A higher intake of carbohydrates, proteins, fibers, and calcium was observed during the LP; however, without statistical difference between the groups. There were no differences either in the intake of any food group or in the anthropometric measurements (p> 0.05).
Conclusion
Food cravings of nutrition students differed between the phases of the menstrual cycle; however, with no difference in food intake and in anthropometric measures.
Key-words Feeding behaviorfollicular phasefood intakeluteal phaseMenstrual cycleNutrition assessmentSee morePlumX Metrics- Citations
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This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. -
Review Article01-11-2023
Efficacy, Safety, and Acceptability of Misoprostol in the Treatment of Incomplete Miscarriage: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
- Thiago Menezes da Silva
,
- Moema Alves Guerra de Araujo
,
- Ana Carolina Zimmermann Simões
,
- Ronnier de Oliveira
,
- Kleyton Santos de Medeiros
,
[ … ], - Ana Katherine Gonçalves
Views431This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract
Review ArticleEfficacy, Safety, and Acceptability of Misoprostol in the Treatment of Incomplete Miscarriage: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2023;45(12):808-817
- Thiago Menezes da Silva
,
- Moema Alves Guerra de Araujo
,
- Ana Carolina Zimmermann Simões
,
- Ronnier de Oliveira
,
- Kleyton Santos de Medeiros
,
- Ayane Cristine Sarmento
,
- Robinson Dias de Medeiros
,
- Ana Paula Ferreira Costa
,
- Ana Katherine Gonçalves
Views431See moreAbstract
Objective
To assess the efficacy, safety, and acceptability of misoprostol in the treatment of incomplete miscarriage.
Data sources
The PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Clinical Trials databases (clinicaltrials.gov) were searched for the relevant articles, and search strategies were developed using a combination of thematic Medical Subject Headings terms and text words. The last search was conducted on July 4, 2022. No language restrictions were applied.
Selection of studies
Randomized clinical trials with patients of gestational age up to 6/7 weeks with a diagnosis of incomplete abortion and who were managed with at least 1 of the 3 types of treatment studied were included. A total of 8,087 studies were screened.
Data collection
Data were synthesized using the statistical package Review Manager V.5.1 (The Cochrane Collaboration, Oxford, United Kingdom). For dichotomous outcomes, the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were derived for each study. Heterogeneity between the trial results was evaluated using the standard test, I2 statistic.
Data synthesis
When comparing misoprostol with medical vacuum aspiration (MVA), the rate of complete abortion was higher in the MVA group (OR = 0.16; 95%CI = 0.07–0.36). Hemorrhage or heavy bleeding was more common in the misoprostol group (OR = 3.00; 95%CI = 1.96–4.59), but pain after treatment was more common in patients treated with MVA (OR = 0.65; 95%CI = 0.52–0.80). No statistically significant differences were observed in the general acceptability of the treatments.
Conclusion
Misoprostol has been determined as a safe option with good acceptance by patients.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. - Thiago Menezes da Silva
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Review Article02-28-2022
Efficacy of Transversus Abdominis Plane Block in the Reduction of Pain and Opioid Requirement in Laparoscopic and Robot-assisted Hysterectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
- Claudia López-Ruiz
,
- Jerutsa Catalina Orjuela
,
- Diego Fernando Rojas-Gualdrón
,
- Marcela Jimenez-Arango
,
- José Fernando de los Ríos
,
[ … ], - Claudia Vargas
Views448This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract
Review ArticleEfficacy of Transversus Abdominis Plane Block in the Reduction of Pain and Opioid Requirement in Laparoscopic and Robot-assisted Hysterectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2022;44(1):55-66
- Claudia López-Ruiz
,
- Jerutsa Catalina Orjuela
,
- Diego Fernando Rojas-Gualdrón
,
- Marcela Jimenez-Arango
,
- José Fernando de los Ríos
,
- Elsa Maria Vásquez-Trespalacios
,
- Claudia Vargas
Views448Abstract
Objective
To summarize the available evidence of TAP Block in efficacy in laparoscopic or robotic hysterectomy.
Data Sources
We searched databases and gray literature for randomized controlled trials in which transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block was compared with placebo or with no treatment in patients who underwent laparoscopic or robot-assisted hysterectomy.
Method of Study
Selection Two researchers independently evaluated the eligibility of the selected articles. Tabulation, Integration, and Results Seven studies were selected, involving 518 patients. Early postoperative pain showed a difference in the mean mean difference (MD): – 1.17 (95% confidence interval [CI]: – 1.87-0.46) in pain scale scores (I2=68%), which was statistically significant in favor of using TAP block, but without clinical relevance; late postoperative pain: DM 0.001 (95%CI: – 0.43-0.44; I2=69%); opioid requirement: DM 0.36 (95%CI: – 0.94-1.68; I2=80%); and incidence of nausea and vomiting with a difference of 95%CI=- 0.11 (- 0.215-0.006) in favor of TAP.
Conclusion
With moderate strength of evidence, due to the high heterogeneity and imbalance in baseline characteristics among studies, the results indicate that TAP block should not be considered as a clinically relevant analgesic technique to improve postoperative pain in laparoscopic or robotic hysterectomy, despite statistical significance in early postoperative pain scale scores.
Key-words laparoscopic hysterectomyOpioidPainrobotic-assisted hysterectomytransversus abdominis plane blockSee moreThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. - Claudia López-Ruiz
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Review Article06-27-2022
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Endometriosis, Psychological Based Intervention: A Systematic Review
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2022;44(3):295-303
Views425This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract
Review ArticleCognitive Behavioral Therapy in Endometriosis, Psychological Based Intervention: A Systematic Review
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2022;44(3):295-303
Views425Abstract
Introduction
Endometriosis is an inflammatory disease that affects women of reproductive age, causing pain and the possibility of infertility. Endometriosis was associated to low life quality and research shows the impact of endometriosis in several areas of life, justifying how these patients are more likely to develop depression, anxiety, and stress.
Objective
The aim of the present systematic review was to explore the field of psychology in endometriosis, identifying studies that used the cognitive behavioral therapy technique as a treatment for endometriosis and chronic pelvic pain.
Methods
The keywords used were Endometriosis and Behavioral Therapy; Behavioral Disciplines and Activities; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Mental Health; Psychological Techniques; Psychology; Psychotherapy; Mental Health Services; and the search was performed in the following databases: PubMed/Medline, Scielo, Lilacs, and Capes. The study followed the PRISMA guidelines and all studies whose intervention strategy used was related to cognitive-behavioral therapy were considered.
Results
Of the 129 articles found, only 5 were selected, and it was possible to identify that the psychological intervention whose approach brought cognitive-behavioral therapy techniques promoted a decrease in the sensation of pain, improvements in the scores of depression and stress, and significant changes in aspects of quality of life such as vitality, physical and social functioning, emotional well-being, control, and autonomy.
Conclusion
Cognitive-behavioral therapy can be very promising to take care of the emotional side of those who have endometriosis However, the present systematic review highlights the need to develop more structured studies with consistent, clear and replicablemethods to reach a psychological intervention protocol for patients who live with this gynecological-physical-emotional condition.
Key-words Chronic pelvic paincognitive behavioral therapyEndometriosispsychological interventionQuality of lifesystematic reviewsSee moreThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. -
Review Article08-26-2020
Tribulus Terrestris for Female Sexual Dysfunction: A Systematic Review
- Ana Luiza Cabrera Martimbianco
,
- Rafael Leite Pacheco
,
- Fábia Lima Vilarino
,
- Carolina de Oliveira Cruz Latorraca
,
- Maria Regina Torloni
,
[ … ], - Rachel Riera
Views421PlumX Metrics- Citations
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This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract
Review ArticleTribulus Terrestris for Female Sexual Dysfunction: A Systematic Review
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2020;42(7):427-435
- Ana Luiza Cabrera Martimbianco
,
- Rafael Leite Pacheco
,
- Fábia Lima Vilarino
,
- Carolina de Oliveira Cruz Latorraca
,
- Maria Regina Torloni
,
- Rachel Riera
Views421See moreAbstract
Objective
We performed a systematic review to assess the effectiveness and safety of Tribulus terrestris to treat female sexual dysfunction (FSD).
Data sources
We performed unrestricted electronic searches in the MEDLINE, CENTRAL, EMBASE, LILACS, CINAHL, PsycINFO,WHO-ICTR, Clinicaltrials.gov and OpenGrey databases. Selection of studies We included any randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared T. terrestris versus inactive/active interventions. After the selection process, conducted by two reviewers, 5 RCTs (n = 279 participants) were included.
Data collection
Data extraction was performed by two reviewers with a preestablished data collection formulary.
Data synthesis
Due to lack of data and clinical heterogeneity, we could not perform meta-analyses. The risk of bias was assessed by the Cochrane Risk of Bias (RoB) tool, and the certainty of evidence was assessed with Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE).
Results
After 1 to 3 months of treatment, premenopausal and postmenopausal women randomized to T. terrestris had a significant increase in sexual function scores. Three months of treatment with T. terrestris showed a significant increase in the serum testosterone levels of premenopausal women. There was no report of serious adverse events, and none of the studies assessed health-related quality of life. The certainty of the evidence was very low, whichmeans that we have very little confidence in the effect estimates, and future studies are likely to change these estimates.
Conclusion
MoreRCTs are needed to supportor refute the use of T. terrestris. The decision to use this intervention should be shared with the patients, and the uncertainties around its effects should be discussed in the clinical decision-making process. Number of Protocol registration in PROSPERO database: CRD42019121130
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This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. - Ana Luiza Cabrera Martimbianco
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Review Article06-01-2018
Guidelines for HPV-DNA Testing for Cervical Cancer Screening in Brazil
- Luiz Carlos Zeferino,
- Joana Bragança Bastos,
- Diama Bhadra Andrade Peixoto do Vale,
- Rita Maria Zanine,
- Yara Lucia Mendes Furtado de Melo, [ … ],
- Fábio Russomano
Views399PlumX Metrics- Citations
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This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract
Review ArticleGuidelines for HPV-DNA Testing for Cervical Cancer Screening in Brazil
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2018;40(6):360-368
- Luiz Carlos Zeferino,
- Joana Bragança Bastos,
- Diama Bhadra Andrade Peixoto do Vale,
- Rita Maria Zanine,
- Yara Lucia Mendes Furtado de Melo,
- Walquíria Quida Salles Pereira Primo,
- Flávia de Miranda Corrêa,
- Isabel Cristina Chulvis do Val,
- Fábio Russomano
Views399See moreAbstract
Evidence-based clinical guidelines ensure best practice protocols are available in health care. There is a widespread use of human papillomavirus deoxyribonucleic acid (HPVDNA) tests in Brazil, regardless of the lack of official guidelines. On behalf of the Brazilian Association for the Lower Genital Tract Pathology and Colposcopy (ABPTGIC, in the Portuguese acronym), a team of reviewers searched for published evidence and developed a set of recommendations for the use of HPV-DNA tests in cervical cancer screening in Brazil. The product of this process was debated and consensus was sought by the participants. One concern of the authors was the inclusion of these tests in the assessment of women with cytologic atypia and women treated for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Testing for HPV is recommended in an organized screening scenario to identify women with precursor lesions or asymptomatic cervical cancer older than 30 years of age, and it can be performed every 5 years. It also has value after the cytology showing atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) or low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSILs) as a triage test for colposcopy, in the investigation of other cytological alterations when no abnormal findings are observed at colposcopy, seeking to exclude disease, or, further, after treatment of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, to rule out residual disease.
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Original Article03-27-2020
Gestational Diabetes in the Population Served by Brazilian Public Health Care. Prevalence and Risk Factors
- Pâmela Antoniazzi dos Santos
,
- José Mauro Madi
,
- Emerson Rodrigues da Silva
,
- Daiane de Oliveira Pereira Vergani
,
- Breno Fauth de Araújo
,
[ … ], - Rosa Maria Rahmi Garcia
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This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract
Original ArticleGestational Diabetes in the Population Served by Brazilian Public Health Care. Prevalence and Risk Factors
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2020;42(1):12-18
- Pâmela Antoniazzi dos Santos
,
- José Mauro Madi
,
- Emerson Rodrigues da Silva
,
- Daiane de Oliveira Pereira Vergani
,
- Breno Fauth de Araújo
,
- Rosa Maria Rahmi Garcia
Views368See moreAbstract
Objective
To assess the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus and the main associated risk factors in the population served by the Brazilian Unified Health System in the city of Caxias do Sul, state of Rio Grande do Sul.
Materials and Methods
A descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study was conducted. Maternal variables were collected from the medical records of all pregnant women treated at the basic health units in 2016. Hyperglycemia during pregnancy (pregestational diabetes, overt diabetes and gestational diabetes mellitus) was identified by analyzing the results of a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test, as recommended by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. Based on the data, the women were allocated into two groups: the gestational diabetes group and the no gestational diabetes group.
Results
The estimated prevalence of gestational diabetes among 2,313 pregnant women was of 5.4% (95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 4.56-6.45). Pregnant women with 3 or more pregnancies had twice the odds of having gestational diabetes compared with primiparous women (odds ratio [OR]=2.19; 95%CI: 1.42-3.37; p<0.001). Pregnant women aged 35 years or older had three times the odds of having gestational diabetes when compared with younger women (OR=3.01; 95%CI: 1.97-4.61; p<0.001). Overweight pregnant women were 84% more likely to develop gestational diabetes than those with a body mass index lower than 25 kg/m2 (OR =1.84; 95%CI: 1.25-2.71; p=0.002). A multivariable regression analysis showed that being overweight and being 35 years old or older were independent variables.
Conclusion
In this population, the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus was of 5.4%. Age and being overweight were predictive factors for gestational diabetes.
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This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. - Pâmela Antoniazzi dos Santos
-
Original Article04-08-2022
Prevalence of Premenstrual Syndrome and Associated Factors Among Academics of a University in Midwest Brazil
- Ana Paula Rodrigues Rezende
,
- Fernanda Rassi Alvarenga
,
- Marcelo Ramos
,
- Débora Luiza Franken
,
- Juvenal Soares Dias da Costa
,
[ … ], - Vera Maria Vieira Paniz
Views383This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract
Original ArticlePrevalence of Premenstrual Syndrome and Associated Factors Among Academics of a University in Midwest Brazil
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2022;44(2):133-141
- Ana Paula Rodrigues Rezende
,
- Fernanda Rassi Alvarenga
,
- Marcelo Ramos
,
- Débora Luiza Franken
,
- Juvenal Soares Dias da Costa
,
- Marcos Pascoal Pattussi
,
- Vera Maria Vieira Paniz
Views383Abstract
Objective
To investigate the prevalence of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) in university students, the factors associated with PMS, the most prevalent symptoms, and the interference of symptoms in academic, family, social, and work activities.
Methods
This cross-sectional study included 1,115 university students aged ≥ 18 years from the University of Rio Verde, Goiás. Premenstrual syndrome and PMDD were identified using the Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool. Associations with sociodemographic, behavioral, reproductive, nutritional, and health factors were investigated using the Poisson regression.
Results
The prevalence of PMS was 46.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 44.0-49.8), and of PMDD, 11.1% (95% CI 9.3-13.0). The most prevalent symptoms were physical, such as breast tenderness, bloating, e weight gain (73%); followed by psychological ones such as overeating/food cravings, tearful/more sensitive to rejection (> 60%). More than 30% of the patients reported that the symptoms interfered in a moderate-tosevere way in their social and academic activities. After adjusted analysis, PMS was more prevalent in those who were attending the 1st/2nd semester of college (prevalence ratio [PR] 1.44; 95% CI 1.14-1.80), those who consumed alcohol in the last 30 days (PR 1.23; 95% CI 1.04-1.47), and those who had depression (PR 1.49; 95% CI 1.30-1.71).
Conclusion
Almost half of the university students had PMS and ~ 11%, PMDD. Physical symptoms were themost common and interfered in amoderate-to-severe way in various aspects of life. Attending the first semesters, consuming alcohol, and having depression were risk factors for PMS. The identification of risk factors for PMS is essential to prevent symptoms and reduce the impact of the syndrome.
Key-words Cross-sectional studiespremenstrual dysphoric disorderPremenstrual syndromeRisk factorsStudentsSee moreThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. - Ana Paula Rodrigues Rezende
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Original Article08-01-2016
HIV Prevalence among Pregnant Women in Brazil: A National Survey
- Gerson Fernando Mendes Pereira,
- Meritxell Sabidó,
- Alessandro Caruso,
- Silvano Barbosa de Oliveira,
- Fábio Mesquita, [ … ],
- Adele Schwartz Benzaken
Abstract
Original ArticleHIV Prevalence among Pregnant Women in Brazil: A National Survey
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2016;38(8):391-398
- Gerson Fernando Mendes Pereira,
- Meritxell Sabidó,
- Alessandro Caruso,
- Silvano Barbosa de Oliveira,
- Fábio Mesquita,
- Adele Schwartz Benzaken
Views250See moreAbstract
Background
This study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of HIV among pregnant women in Brazil and to describe HIV testing coverage and the uptake of antenatal care (ANC).
Methods
Between October 2010 and January 2012, a probability sample survey of parturient women aged 15-49 years who visited public hospital delivery services in Brazil was conducted. Data were collected from prenatal reports and hospital records. Dried blood spot (DNS) samples were collected and tested for HIV.We describe the agespecific prevalence of HIV infection and ANC uptake with respect to sociodemographic factors.
Results
Of the 36,713 included women, 35,444 (96.6%) were tested for HIV during delivery admission. The overall HIV prevalence was of 0.38% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.31-0.48), and it was highest in: the 30 to 39 year-old age group (0.60% [0.40- 0.88]), in the Southern region of Brazil (0.79% [0.59-1.04]), among women who had not completed primary (0.63% [0.30-1.31]) or secondary (0.67% [0.49-0.97]) school education, and among women who self-reported as Asian (0.94% [0.28-3.10]). The HIV testing coverage during prenatal care was of 86.6% for one test and of 38.2% for two tests. Overall, 98.5% of women attended at least 1 ANC visit, 90.4% attended at least 4 visits, 71% attended at least 6 visits, and 51.7% received ANC during the 1st trimester. HIV testing coverage and ANC uptake indicators increased with increasing age and education level of education, and were highest in the Southern region.
Conclusions
Brazil presents an HIV prevalence of less than 1% and almost universal coverage of ANC. However, gaps in HIV testing and ANC during the first trimester challenge the prevention of the vertical transmission of HIV. More efforts are needed to address regional and social disparities.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. -
Review Article10-23-2020
SARS-CoV-2 and Pregnancy: A Review of the Facts
- Ricardo Mamber Czeresnia
,
- Ayssa Teles Abrao Trad
,
- Ingrid Schwach Werneck Britto
,
- Romulo Negrini
,
- Marcelo Luís Nomura
,
[ … ], - Rodrigo Ruano
Abstract
Review ArticleSARS-CoV-2 and Pregnancy: A Review of the Facts
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2020;42(9):562-568
- Ricardo Mamber Czeresnia
,
- Ayssa Teles Abrao Trad
,
- Ingrid Schwach Werneck Britto
,
- Romulo Negrini
,
- Marcelo Luís Nomura
,
- Pedro Pires
,
- Fabricio da Silva Costa
,
- Roseli Mieko Yamamoto Nomura
,
- Rodrigo Ruano
Views288See moreAbstract
Objective
The present comprehensive review aims to show the full extent of what is known to date and provide a more thorough view on the effects of SARS-CoV2 in pregnancy.
Methods
Between March 29 and May, 2020, the words COVID-19, SARS-CoV2, COVID- 19 and pregnancy, SARS-CoV2 and pregnancy, and SARS and pregnancy were searched in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases; the guidelines from well-known societies and institutions (Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists [RCOG], American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists [ACOG], International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology [ISUOG], Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics [FIGO]) were also included.
Conclusion
The COVID-19 outbreak resulted in a pandemic with > 3.3 million cases and 230 thousand deaths until May 2nd. It is caused by the SARS-CoV2 virus and may lead to severe pulmonary infection and multi-organ failure. Past experiences show that unique characteristics in pregnancy make pregnant women more susceptible to complications from viral infections. Yet, this has not been reported with this new virus. There are risk factors that seem to increase morbidity in pregnancy, such as obesity (body mass index [BMI] > 35), asthma and cardiovascular disease. Current reports describe an increased rate of pretermbirth and C-section. Vertical transmission
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. - Ricardo Mamber Czeresnia
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Original Article07-01-2016
Quality of Life in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome after a Program of Resistance Exercise Training
- Fabiene K. Picchi Ramos,
- Lúcia Alves da Silva Lara,
- Gislaine Satyko Kogure,
- Rafael Costa Silva,
- Rui Alberto Ferriani, [ … ],
- Rosana Maria dos Reis
Abstract
Original ArticleQuality of Life in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome after a Program of Resistance Exercise Training
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2016;38(7):340-347
- Fabiene K. Picchi Ramos,
- Lúcia Alves da Silva Lara,
- Gislaine Satyko Kogure,
- Rafael Costa Silva,
- Rui Alberto Ferriani,
- Marcos Felipe Silva de Sá,
- Rosana Maria dos Reis
Views322See moreAbstract
Purpose
Aerobic exercises may improve quality of life (QoL) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, there is no data on the effect of resistance exercise training (RET) programs on the QoL of women with PCOS. Thus, this study aimed to assess the effect of a 16-week RET program on QoL in PCOS women.
Methods
This 16-week case-control study enrolled 43 women with PCOS (PCOS group, PCOSG) and 51 healthy pre-menopausal controls aged 18 to 37 years (control group, CG). All women underwent a supervised RET program for 16 weeks, and were evaluated in two different occasions: week-0 (baseline), and week-16 (after RET). Quality of life was assessed using the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36).
Results
Testosterone reduced significantly in both groups after RET (p < 0.01). The PCOSG had improvements in functional capacity at week-16 relative to week-0 (p = 0.02). The CG had significant improvements in vitality, social aspects, and mental health at week-16 relative to week-0 (p ≤ 0.01). There was a weak correlation between social aspects of the SF-36 domain and testosterone levels in PCOS women.
Conclusion
A 16-week RET program modestly improved QoL in women with PCOS.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. -
Original Article10-23-2020
Cesarean-section Rates in Brazil from 2014 to 2016: Cross-sectional Analysis Using the Robson Classification
- Roxana Knobel
,
- Thiago Jose Pinheiro Lopes
,
- Mariane de Oliveira Menezes
,
- Carla Betina Andreucci
,
- Juliana Toledo Gieburowski
,
[ … ], - Maira Libertad Soligo Takemoto
Abstract
Original ArticleCesarean-section Rates in Brazil from 2014 to 2016: Cross-sectional Analysis Using the Robson Classification
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2020;42(9):522-528
- Roxana Knobel
,
- Thiago Jose Pinheiro Lopes
,
- Mariane de Oliveira Menezes
,
- Carla Betina Andreucci
,
- Juliana Toledo Gieburowski
,
- Maira Libertad Soligo Takemoto
Views306Abstract
Objective
To obtain cesarean-section (CS) rates according to the Robson Group Classification in five different regions of Brazil.
Methods
A descriptive epidemiological study using data from secondary birth records fromthe Computer Science Department of the Brazilian Unified Health System (Datasus, in Portuguese) between January 1st, 2014, and December 31st, 2016, including all live births in Brazil.
Results
The overall rate of CSwas of 56%. The sample was divided into 11 groups, and vaginal births were more frequent in groups 1 (53.6%), 3 (80.0%) and 4 (55.1%). The highest CS rates were found in groups 5 (85.7%), 6 (89.5%), 7 (85.2%) and 9 (97.0%). The overall CS rate per region varied from 46.2% in the North to 62.1% in the Midwest. Group 5 was the largest obstetric population in the South, Southeast and Midwest, and group 3 was the largest in the North and Northeast. Group 5 contributed the most to the overall CS rate, accounting for 30.8% of CSs.
Conclusion
Over half of the births in Brazil were cesarean sections. The Midwest had the highestCS rates,while theNorth had the lowest. The largestobstetric population in the North and in the Northeast was composed of women in group 3, while in the South, Southeast and Midwest it was group 5. Among all regions, the largest contribution to the overall CS rate was from group 5.
Key-words Cesarean sectioninduced laborobstetric deliveryrepeat cesarean sectionvaginal birth after cesarean sectionSee moreThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. - Roxana Knobel
-
Original Article01-01-2017
Perineal Massage Improves the Dyspareunia Caused by Tenderness of the Pelvic Floor Muscles
- Ana Paula Moreira da Silva,
- Mary Lourdes Montenegro,
- Maria Beatriz Ferreira Gurian,
- Andreia Moreira de Souza Mitidieri,
- Lucia Alves da Silva Lara, [ … ],
- Julio Cesar Rosa e Silva
Abstract
Original ArticlePerineal Massage Improves the Dyspareunia Caused by Tenderness of the Pelvic Floor Muscles
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2017;39(1):26-30
- Ana Paula Moreira da Silva,
- Mary Lourdes Montenegro,
- Maria Beatriz Ferreira Gurian,
- Andreia Moreira de Souza Mitidieri,
- Lucia Alves da Silva Lara,
- Omero Benedicto Poli Neto,
- Julio Cesar Rosa e Silva
Views366See moreABSTRACT
Aim:
To evaluate the long-term effectiveness of perineal Thiele massage in the treatment of women with dyspareunia caused by tenderness of the pelvic floor muscles.
Methods:
A total of 18 women with diagnoses of dyspareunia caused by tenderness of the pelvic floor muscles were included in the study. The women were divided in two groups: the dyspareunia (D) group – 8 women with dyspareunia caused by tenderness of the pelvic floor muscles; and the chronic pelvic pain group (CPP) group – 10 women with dyspareunia caused by tenderness of the pelvic floor muscles associated with CPP. Each patient filled out the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), the McGill Pain Index, the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). After an evaluation, the women underwent transvaginal massage using the Thiele technique over a period of 5 minutes, once a week for 4 weeks.
Results:
All women had significant improvements in their dyspareunia according the VAS and the McGill Pain Index (p < 0,001), but the HADS scores did not show significant differences. Regarding sexual function, the D group showed improvements on all aspects of sexual function, while the CPP group showed differences only in the pain domain.
Conclusion:
Thiele massage is effective in the treatment of dyspareunia caused by tenderness of the pelvic floor muscles with a long-term pain relief.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. -
Review Article06-27-2022
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Endometriosis, Psychological Based Intervention: A Systematic Review
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2022;44(3):295-303
Views425This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract
Review ArticleCognitive Behavioral Therapy in Endometriosis, Psychological Based Intervention: A Systematic Review
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2022;44(3):295-303
Views425Abstract
Introduction
Endometriosis is an inflammatory disease that affects women of reproductive age, causing pain and the possibility of infertility. Endometriosis was associated to low life quality and research shows the impact of endometriosis in several areas of life, justifying how these patients are more likely to develop depression, anxiety, and stress.
Objective
The aim of the present systematic review was to explore the field of psychology in endometriosis, identifying studies that used the cognitive behavioral therapy technique as a treatment for endometriosis and chronic pelvic pain.
Methods
The keywords used were Endometriosis and Behavioral Therapy; Behavioral Disciplines and Activities; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Mental Health; Psychological Techniques; Psychology; Psychotherapy; Mental Health Services; and the search was performed in the following databases: PubMed/Medline, Scielo, Lilacs, and Capes. The study followed the PRISMA guidelines and all studies whose intervention strategy used was related to cognitive-behavioral therapy were considered.
Results
Of the 129 articles found, only 5 were selected, and it was possible to identify that the psychological intervention whose approach brought cognitive-behavioral therapy techniques promoted a decrease in the sensation of pain, improvements in the scores of depression and stress, and significant changes in aspects of quality of life such as vitality, physical and social functioning, emotional well-being, control, and autonomy.
Conclusion
Cognitive-behavioral therapy can be very promising to take care of the emotional side of those who have endometriosis However, the present systematic review highlights the need to develop more structured studies with consistent, clear and replicablemethods to reach a psychological intervention protocol for patients who live with this gynecological-physical-emotional condition.
Key-words Chronic pelvic paincognitive behavioral therapyEndometriosispsychological interventionQuality of lifesystematic reviewsSee moreThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. -
Original Article03-01-2018
The Burden of Indirect Causes of Maternal Morbidity and Mortality in the Processof Obstetric Transition: A Cross-Sectional Multicenter Study
- Jessica Fernandes Cirelli,
- Fernanda Garanhani Surita,
- Maria Laura Costa,
- Mary Angela Parpinelli,
- Samira Maerrawi Haddad, [ … ],
- José Guilherme Cecatti
Abstract
Original ArticleThe Burden of Indirect Causes of Maternal Morbidity and Mortality in the Processof Obstetric Transition: A Cross-Sectional Multicenter Study
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2018;40(3):106-114
- Jessica Fernandes Cirelli,
- Fernanda Garanhani Surita,
- Maria Laura Costa,
- Mary Angela Parpinelli,
- Samira Maerrawi Haddad,
- José Guilherme Cecatti
Views228See moreAbstract
Objective
The aim of this study is to evaluate the burden of indirect causes of maternal morbidity/mortality in Brazil.
Methods
Secondary analysis of a multicenter cross-sectional study conducted in 27 referral obstetric units within the Brazilian Network for Surveillance of Severe Maternal Morbidity.
Results
A total of 82,388 women were surveilled: 9,555 women with severe maternal morbidity were included, and 942 (9.9%) of them had indirect causes of morbidity/ mortality. There was an increased risk of higher severity among the indirect causes group, which presented 7.56 times increased risk of maternal death (prevalence ratio [PR]: 7.56; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 4.99-11.45). The main indirect causes of maternal death were H1N1 influenza, sepsis, cancer and cardiovascular disease. Non-public antenatal care (PR: 2.52; 95%CI: 1.70-3.74), diabetes (PR: 1.90; 95%CI: 1.24-2.90), neoplasia (PR: 1.98; 95%CI: 1.25-3.14), kidney diseases (PR: 1.99; 95%CI: 1.14-3.49), sickle cell anemia (PR: 2.50; 95%CI: 1.16-5.41) and drug addiction (PR: 1.98; 95%CI: 1.03-3.80) were independentlyassociatedwithworseresultsintheindirectcausesgroup.Someprocedures for the management of severity were more common for the indirect causes group.
Conclusion
Indirect causes were present in less than 10% of the overall cases, but they represented over 40% of maternal deaths in the current study. Indirect causes of maternal morbidity/mortality were also responsible for an increased risk of higher severity, and they were associated with worse maternal and perinatal outcomes. In middle-income countries there is a mix of indirect causes of maternal morbidity/ mortality that points to some advances in the scale of obstetric transition, but also reveals the fragility of health systems.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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