Você pesquisou por y - Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia
You searched for:"Luiz Henrique Gebrim"
We found (12) results for your search.Summary
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 1999;21(2):113-115
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72031999000200010
The authors report a rare case of dermatomyositis diagnosed at the Mastology Sector of the Division of Gynecology of the Federal University of São Paulo - Escola Paulista de Medicina, which caused breast deformity due to formation of bilateral dystrophic calcifications.
Summary
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 1999;21(2):113-115
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72031999000200010
The authors report a rare case of dermatomyositis diagnosed at the Mastology Sector of the Division of Gynecology of the Federal University of São Paulo - Escola Paulista de Medicina, which caused breast deformity due to formation of bilateral dystrophic calcifications.
Summary
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2007;29(3):158-164
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032007000300008
Axillary nodal metastasis is still the most important breast cancer prognostic factor. As in approximately 80% of the patients with tumors measuring less than 2 cm the axillary lymph nodes are negative, it has been proposed sentinel lymph node biopsy, reducing surgical morbidity in the patients with negative result. Recently, this technique has been widely used in Brazil, but there are two questions that need to be answered: what is the probability of a false-negative result (not diagnosing a positive lymph node) and if the understaging by false-negative result exposes the patient to the risk of axillary recurrence or even distant metastases, due to less effective surgical and adjuvant therapy. The literature shows that the false-negative rate varies from 5 to 10%, being the surgeon's experience the major factor that contributes to improved results. Although axillary relapse is rare, it is not yet possible to evaluate the long term effect of not removing positive lymph nodes, due to short follow-up. The recommendation is that sentinel lymph node biopsy should only be performed by surgeons with experience confirmed by a low false-negative rate.
Summary
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2007;29(3):158-164
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032007000300008
Axillary nodal metastasis is still the most important breast cancer prognostic factor. As in approximately 80% of the patients with tumors measuring less than 2 cm the axillary lymph nodes are negative, it has been proposed sentinel lymph node biopsy, reducing surgical morbidity in the patients with negative result. Recently, this technique has been widely used in Brazil, but there are two questions that need to be answered: what is the probability of a false-negative result (not diagnosing a positive lymph node) and if the understaging by false-negative result exposes the patient to the risk of axillary recurrence or even distant metastases, due to less effective surgical and adjuvant therapy. The literature shows that the false-negative rate varies from 5 to 10%, being the surgeon's experience the major factor that contributes to improved results. Although axillary relapse is rare, it is not yet possible to evaluate the long term effect of not removing positive lymph nodes, due to short follow-up. The recommendation is that sentinel lymph node biopsy should only be performed by surgeons with experience confirmed by a low false-negative rate.
Summary
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2003;25(3):185-191
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032003000300007
PURPOSE: to quantitatively analyze the immunoreaction of monoclonal antibody Ki-67 in the mammary epithelium adjacent to fibroadenoma of premenopausal women treated with tamoxifen, for 50 days, at doses of 5, 10 and 20 mg/day. METHODS: we studied, prospectively, the effects of tamoxifen administered for 50 days, at doses of 5, 10 e 20 mg/day, by the immunoreaction of the Ki-67 (clone Ki-S5) monoclonal antibody on mammary epithelium adjacent to fibroadenoma in premenopausal women. We studied 58 patients in a double-blind trial who were divided into four groups: Group A (n=13; placebo), Group B (n=16; 5 mg/day tamoxifen), Group C (n=14; 10 mg/day) and Group D (n=15; 20 mg/day). All patients received the medication from the first day on of the menstrual cycle and biopsy was performed on the last day of the treatment. Cells stained and not stained by the immunoreagent were counted by optical microscopy (400X) with a digital image capturing system and image analysis. RESULTS: the average percentage of stained nuclei was calculated for all groups: Group A was 2.0 with a standard error (SE) of 0.3. In Group B it was 0.7 (SE=0.2); in Group C it was 0.4 (SE=0,2) and in Group D it was 0.1 (SE=0). Statistical analysis showed significant reductions between the groups (p<0.001), and Tukey's pairwise comparison test confirmed that there was a significant increase in the immunoreaction of the monoclonal Ki-67 antibody in groups B, C and D. CONCLUSIONS: tamoxifen, administered at doses of 5, 10 and 20 mg/day for 50 days, significantly reduced the immunoreaction of monoclonal Ki-67 in the mammary epithelium of premenopausal patients and there was no significant difference between the groups that received 5, 10 and 20 mg/day tamoxifen.
Summary
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2003;25(3):185-191
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032003000300007
PURPOSE: to quantitatively analyze the immunoreaction of monoclonal antibody Ki-67 in the mammary epithelium adjacent to fibroadenoma of premenopausal women treated with tamoxifen, for 50 days, at doses of 5, 10 and 20 mg/day. METHODS: we studied, prospectively, the effects of tamoxifen administered for 50 days, at doses of 5, 10 e 20 mg/day, by the immunoreaction of the Ki-67 (clone Ki-S5) monoclonal antibody on mammary epithelium adjacent to fibroadenoma in premenopausal women. We studied 58 patients in a double-blind trial who were divided into four groups: Group A (n=13; placebo), Group B (n=16; 5 mg/day tamoxifen), Group C (n=14; 10 mg/day) and Group D (n=15; 20 mg/day). All patients received the medication from the first day on of the menstrual cycle and biopsy was performed on the last day of the treatment. Cells stained and not stained by the immunoreagent were counted by optical microscopy (400X) with a digital image capturing system and image analysis. RESULTS: the average percentage of stained nuclei was calculated for all groups: Group A was 2.0 with a standard error (SE) of 0.3. In Group B it was 0.7 (SE=0.2); in Group C it was 0.4 (SE=0,2) and in Group D it was 0.1 (SE=0). Statistical analysis showed significant reductions between the groups (p<0.001), and Tukey's pairwise comparison test confirmed that there was a significant increase in the immunoreaction of the monoclonal Ki-67 antibody in groups B, C and D. CONCLUSIONS: tamoxifen, administered at doses of 5, 10 and 20 mg/day for 50 days, significantly reduced the immunoreaction of monoclonal Ki-67 in the mammary epithelium of premenopausal patients and there was no significant difference between the groups that received 5, 10 and 20 mg/day tamoxifen.
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Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2000;22(1):33-36
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032000000100006
Purpose: to evaluate the morphologic and morphometric alterations produced by tamoxifen and conjugated estrogens in the mammary epithelium of rats in persistent estrus. Methods: thirty-three adult female rats in persistent estrus induced with 1.25 mg testosterone propionate were divided at random into three groups: GI -- which received only water, control group (n = 12); GII -- treated with 500 mug tamoxifen daily (n = 10); GIII -- treated with 30 mug conjugated estrogens per day (n = 11). The first inguinal-abdominal pair of mammary glands of the animals was extirpated and processed for morphologic and morphometric study. Data were analyzed statistically by the Kruskal-Wallis rank analysis of variance (p < 0.05). Results: the morphologic study revealed signs of epithelial atrophy and the morphometric study showed a statistically significant reduction in the mean number of ducts and alveoli in groups II (10.1 and 1.9, respectively) and III (11.1 and 3.5, respectively) compared to group I (25.0 and 6.6, respectively). There was no significant difference between groups II and III. Conclusions: the results of this study indicate that tamoxifen as well as conjugated estrogens at the tested doses produced mammary epithelial atrophy in rats in persistent estrus.
Summary
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2000;22(1):33-36
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032000000100006
Purpose: to evaluate the morphologic and morphometric alterations produced by tamoxifen and conjugated estrogens in the mammary epithelium of rats in persistent estrus. Methods: thirty-three adult female rats in persistent estrus induced with 1.25 mg testosterone propionate were divided at random into three groups: GI -- which received only water, control group (n = 12); GII -- treated with 500 mug tamoxifen daily (n = 10); GIII -- treated with 30 mug conjugated estrogens per day (n = 11). The first inguinal-abdominal pair of mammary glands of the animals was extirpated and processed for morphologic and morphometric study. Data were analyzed statistically by the Kruskal-Wallis rank analysis of variance (p < 0.05). Results: the morphologic study revealed signs of epithelial atrophy and the morphometric study showed a statistically significant reduction in the mean number of ducts and alveoli in groups II (10.1 and 1.9, respectively) and III (11.1 and 3.5, respectively) compared to group I (25.0 and 6.6, respectively). There was no significant difference between groups II and III. Conclusions: the results of this study indicate that tamoxifen as well as conjugated estrogens at the tested doses produced mammary epithelial atrophy in rats in persistent estrus.
Summary
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2001;23(1):41-45
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032001000100006
Purpose: the morphologic and morphometric aspects of the breasts of rats in permanent estrus submitted to danazol were studied. Methods: the animals were divided into three groups: group A (n = 12) received water and was used as control, group B (n = 13) was exposed to 20 mg danazol kg-1 day-1, and group C (n = 10) was exposed to 80 mg danazole kg-1 day-1 for 35 consecutive days. The microscopic study evaluated the ductal and acinar distribution. Histometry of the relationship duct/stroma was based on the principles of stereology with a Zeiss k-10X ocular, with Integrationsplatte I reticulum of Weibel of 25 hits, with 100X magnification. For each studied section, 10 aleatoric fields were counted, with a total of 250 points. The variance analysis test (Kruskal-Wallis) was applied to compare the three groups in relation to the mean number of alveoli and ducts (alpha = 0.05). Results: when submitted to morphological study, all groups presented lobules with alveoli lined with cubic cells with nuclei in their central or basal portion. Small amounts of eosinophilic material were observed in some cases in the lumen, with no differences between the groups. At morphometry, with a magnification of 100X, a mean number of 28.6 ducts/10 fields was found in group A, 28.4 in group B and 29.2 in group C (Kruskal-Wallis test: Hcrit = 0.1). The mean number of alveoli in 10 fields was 5.9, 9.3 and 6.5 in groups A, B and C, respectively (Kruskal-Wallis test: Hcrit = 2.9), with no significant differences between the groups. Conclusion: danazol did not cause any changes in the morphology and morphometry of the permanent estrus mammary epithelium.
Summary
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2001;23(1):41-45
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032001000100006
Purpose: the morphologic and morphometric aspects of the breasts of rats in permanent estrus submitted to danazol were studied. Methods: the animals were divided into three groups: group A (n = 12) received water and was used as control, group B (n = 13) was exposed to 20 mg danazol kg-1 day-1, and group C (n = 10) was exposed to 80 mg danazole kg-1 day-1 for 35 consecutive days. The microscopic study evaluated the ductal and acinar distribution. Histometry of the relationship duct/stroma was based on the principles of stereology with a Zeiss k-10X ocular, with Integrationsplatte I reticulum of Weibel of 25 hits, with 100X magnification. For each studied section, 10 aleatoric fields were counted, with a total of 250 points. The variance analysis test (Kruskal-Wallis) was applied to compare the three groups in relation to the mean number of alveoli and ducts (alpha = 0.05). Results: when submitted to morphological study, all groups presented lobules with alveoli lined with cubic cells with nuclei in their central or basal portion. Small amounts of eosinophilic material were observed in some cases in the lumen, with no differences between the groups. At morphometry, with a magnification of 100X, a mean number of 28.6 ducts/10 fields was found in group A, 28.4 in group B and 29.2 in group C (Kruskal-Wallis test: Hcrit = 0.1). The mean number of alveoli in 10 fields was 5.9, 9.3 and 6.5 in groups A, B and C, respectively (Kruskal-Wallis test: Hcrit = 2.9), with no significant differences between the groups. Conclusion: danazol did not cause any changes in the morphology and morphometry of the permanent estrus mammary epithelium.
Summary
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2005;27(7):415-420
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032005000700008
PURPOSE: to evaluate the cost of preventive mammographic screening in climacteric women, as compared to the cost of breast cancer treatment in more advanced stages. METHODS: one thousand and fourteen patients attended at the Climacteric outpatient service of the Gynecology Department, Federal University of São Paulo Paulista School of Medicine, were included in the study and submitted to mammographic test. All mammographic test's were analyzed by the same two physicians and classified according to the BI-RADS (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System American College of Radiology) categories. The detected lesions were submitted to cytological and histological examination. RESULTS: the final diagnostic impression of the 1014 examinations, according to the classification of BI-RADS categories was: 1=261, 2=671, 3=59, 4=22 and 5=1. The invasive procedures were performed through a needle guided by ultrasound or stereotactic examinations: 33 fine-needle aspiration biopsies, 6 core biopsies guided by ultrasound and 20 core biopsies guided by stereotactic examination. Five cancer diagnoses were established. The total cost of this screening based on Brazilian procedure values was R$ 76,593.79 (25,534 dollars). Therefore, the cost of the diagnosis of the five cases of cancer in this screening was R$ 15,318.75 (5,106 dollars) each. However, the average cost per patient screened was R$ 75.53 (25 dollars). CONCLUSIONS: considering that the total treatment cost of only one case of breast cancer in advanced stage including hospital costs, surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and hormonal treatment is similar to the cost of 1,000 mammographic screenings in climacteric women, it may be concluded that the cost of the early cancer diagnosis program is worth it and should be included in the public health program, as a way of lowering the public health expense.
Summary
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2005;27(7):415-420
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032005000700008
PURPOSE: to evaluate the cost of preventive mammographic screening in climacteric women, as compared to the cost of breast cancer treatment in more advanced stages. METHODS: one thousand and fourteen patients attended at the Climacteric outpatient service of the Gynecology Department, Federal University of São Paulo Paulista School of Medicine, were included in the study and submitted to mammographic test. All mammographic test's were analyzed by the same two physicians and classified according to the BI-RADS (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System American College of Radiology) categories. The detected lesions were submitted to cytological and histological examination. RESULTS: the final diagnostic impression of the 1014 examinations, according to the classification of BI-RADS categories was: 1=261, 2=671, 3=59, 4=22 and 5=1. The invasive procedures were performed through a needle guided by ultrasound or stereotactic examinations: 33 fine-needle aspiration biopsies, 6 core biopsies guided by ultrasound and 20 core biopsies guided by stereotactic examination. Five cancer diagnoses were established. The total cost of this screening based on Brazilian procedure values was R$ 76,593.79 (25,534 dollars). Therefore, the cost of the diagnosis of the five cases of cancer in this screening was R$ 15,318.75 (5,106 dollars) each. However, the average cost per patient screened was R$ 75.53 (25 dollars). CONCLUSIONS: considering that the total treatment cost of only one case of breast cancer in advanced stage including hospital costs, surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and hormonal treatment is similar to the cost of 1,000 mammographic screenings in climacteric women, it may be concluded that the cost of the early cancer diagnosis program is worth it and should be included in the public health program, as a way of lowering the public health expense.
