Pregnant women Archives - Page 2 of 5 - Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2007;29(8):396-401
11-05-2007
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032007000800003
PURPOSE: to translate and to validate the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) for Brazilian pregnant women. METHODS: ninety-two pregnant women attended at a low risk prenatal clinic, with diagnosis of the pregnancy confirmed by precocious ultrasonography, participated in the research. Initially, we translated the FSFI questionnaire for Portuguese language (of Brazil) in agreement with the international criteria. Cultural, conceptual and semantics adaptations of FSFI were accomplished, because of the differences of the language, so that the pregnant women understood the subjects. All the patients answered FSFI twice, in the same day, with two different interviewers, with an hour interval from one to other interview. After 7 to 14 days, the questionnaire was applied again in a second interview. Reliability (internal intra and interobserver consistence) and the validity of the constructo (to demonstrate that questionnaire measures the sexual function) were appraised. RESULTS: Cultural adaptations were necessary for us to obtain the final version. The internal intra-observer (alpha of Chronbach) consistence of the several domains oscillated from moderate to strong (0,791 to 0,911) and the interobserver consistence varied from 0,791 to 0,914. In the validation of the constructo, were obtained moderate correlations to fort among the final scores (general) of FSFI and of Female Sexual Quotient (QS-F) that has the capacity to evaluate the feminine sexual function. CONCLUSIONS: FSFI was adapted to the Portuguese language and to the Brazilian culture, presenting significant reliability and validity; it could be included and used in future studies of the Brazilian pregnant sexual function.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2007;29(8):396-401
11-05-2007
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032007000800003
PURPOSE: to translate and to validate the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) for Brazilian pregnant women. METHODS: ninety-two pregnant women attended at a low risk prenatal clinic, with diagnosis of the pregnancy confirmed by precocious ultrasonography, participated in the research. Initially, we translated the FSFI questionnaire for Portuguese language (of Brazil) in agreement with the international criteria. Cultural, conceptual and semantics adaptations of FSFI were accomplished, because of the differences of the language, so that the pregnant women understood the subjects. All the patients answered FSFI twice, in the same day, with two different interviewers, with an hour interval from one to other interview. After 7 to 14 days, the questionnaire was applied again in a second interview. Reliability (internal intra and interobserver consistence) and the validity of the constructo (to demonstrate that questionnaire measures the sexual function) were appraised. RESULTS: Cultural adaptations were necessary for us to obtain the final version. The internal intra-observer (alpha of Chronbach) consistence of the several domains oscillated from moderate to strong (0,791 to 0,911) and the interobserver consistence varied from 0,791 to 0,914. In the validation of the constructo, were obtained moderate correlations to fort among the final scores (general) of FSFI and of Female Sexual Quotient (QS-F) that has the capacity to evaluate the feminine sexual function. CONCLUSIONS: FSFI was adapted to the Portuguese language and to the Brazilian culture, presenting significant reliability and validity; it could be included and used in future studies of the Brazilian pregnant sexual function.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2007;29(7):370-375
10-29-2007
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032007000700008
Studies have shown possible risk relations among oral illnesses, mainly periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as prematurity, low birth weight and preeclampsia. The explanation for this hypothesis is based on the fact that periodontal disease is an infectious state, which may increase maternal serum cytokines through the release of such agents directly from the periodontal pocket or by through the dissemination of pathogenic bacteria, inducing systemic production. This assumption is based on the knowledge that the physiopathology of the pregnancy complications cited above is associated with the presence of some cytokines in the maternal serum. The present study work has the objective to review literature in search of evidence to these alleged associations. Although a number of clinical studies have been found in this review, we noticed a lack of methodological standards, what limits the conclusions about this topic. On the other side, the fact that periodontal disease is not yet a confirmed risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes does not reduce the importance of oral health maintenance during pregnancy, since it is important to allow adequate feeding without pain and bleeding in order to maintain an adequate nutritional supply.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2007;29(7):370-375
10-29-2007
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032007000700008
Studies have shown possible risk relations among oral illnesses, mainly periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as prematurity, low birth weight and preeclampsia. The explanation for this hypothesis is based on the fact that periodontal disease is an infectious state, which may increase maternal serum cytokines through the release of such agents directly from the periodontal pocket or by through the dissemination of pathogenic bacteria, inducing systemic production. This assumption is based on the knowledge that the physiopathology of the pregnancy complications cited above is associated with the presence of some cytokines in the maternal serum. The present study work has the objective to review literature in search of evidence to these alleged associations. Although a number of clinical studies have been found in this review, we noticed a lack of methodological standards, what limits the conclusions about this topic. On the other side, the fact that periodontal disease is not yet a confirmed risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes does not reduce the importance of oral health maintenance during pregnancy, since it is important to allow adequate feeding without pain and bleeding in order to maintain an adequate nutritional supply.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2006;28(8):467-472
12-05-2006
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032006000800005
PURPOSE: to assess human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) seroprevalence among pregnant women attended at Public Health Units in Goiânia-Goiás and some epidemiologic characteristics of the studied group. METHODS: from September/2003 to December/2004, 15,485 pregnant women were submitted to enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assays (ELISA), to screen HTLV-I, using filter paper - dried blood in, and to confirm the infection, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of whole blood was performed. The epidemiologic factors evaluated were: average age, age of 30 years and above, schooling less than nine years, marital status and number of pregnancies. The factors average age, age of 30 years and above, and schooling less than nine years were compared between the infected and non-infected pregnant group. Statistical analysis used Fisher's exact test and Student's t test. RESULTS: the found prevalence was 0.1%. The average age among the infected pregnant group was 26.4 years, 43.7% of them being 30 years old and above, and 62.5% with schooling less than nine years. The non-infected group showed an average age of 24.4 years, 15.4% of them being ³ 30 years old and above, and only 41.5% with schooling less than nine years. Significant statistical difference was noticed only regarding age of 30 years and above and schooling less than nine years. CONCLUSION: the study shows that HTLV-I seroprevalence among pregnant women in Goiânia during the studied period was 0.1%. It occurred more among pregnant women who were 30 years old and above and those with schooling of less than nine years.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2006;28(8):467-472
12-05-2006
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032006000800005
PURPOSE: to assess human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) seroprevalence among pregnant women attended at Public Health Units in Goiânia-Goiás and some epidemiologic characteristics of the studied group. METHODS: from September/2003 to December/2004, 15,485 pregnant women were submitted to enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assays (ELISA), to screen HTLV-I, using filter paper - dried blood in, and to confirm the infection, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of whole blood was performed. The epidemiologic factors evaluated were: average age, age of 30 years and above, schooling less than nine years, marital status and number of pregnancies. The factors average age, age of 30 years and above, and schooling less than nine years were compared between the infected and non-infected pregnant group. Statistical analysis used Fisher's exact test and Student's t test. RESULTS: the found prevalence was 0.1%. The average age among the infected pregnant group was 26.4 years, 43.7% of them being 30 years old and above, and 62.5% with schooling less than nine years. The non-infected group showed an average age of 24.4 years, 15.4% of them being ³ 30 years old and above, and only 41.5% with schooling less than nine years. Significant statistical difference was noticed only regarding age of 30 years and above and schooling less than nine years. CONCLUSION: the study shows that HTLV-I seroprevalence among pregnant women in Goiânia during the studied period was 0.1%. It occurred more among pregnant women who were 30 years old and above and those with schooling of less than nine years.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2005;27(11):672-676
04-10-2005
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032005001100007
PURPOSE: to evaluate the influence of vaginal environment of pregnant women on group B streptococcus (GBS) survival after 8, 24 e 48 h in Amies and Stuart transport media. METHODS: Three vaginal samples were collected from 30 pregnant women attending the Prenatal Care Outpatient Clinic of the Centro de Atenção Integral à Saúde da Mulher (CAISM), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). The first sample was placed directly onto Todd-Hewitt selective medium; the second was used to perform a gram-stained microscopy, and the third swab was placed in 2 mL physiological saline to which 200 µL of a suspension with 1-2 x 10(8) colony-forming units of GBS was added. After homogenization, six swabs were collected from this suspension (3 from Amie medium and 3 from Stuart medium). These six swabs were kept at room temperature for 8, 24 and 48 h and then incubated on blood agar. Bacterial growth at 37ºC was observed after a 24-h incubation period and it was semiquantitatively graded (0-3+) according to the number of colonies. Statistical analysis was performed by the exact Fisher test and the level of significance was set at 0.05. RESULTS: the recovery of GBS after 48-h storage in Amie and Stuart media was 97 e 87%, respectively. In one of the four cases where no GBS recovery was possible after 48 h of storage, vaginal pH was higher than 4.5, and in two of those cases cytolytic vaginosis was found. CONCLUSIONS: both transport media showed to be appropriate for GBS recovery up to 48 h after sampling. Characteristics of the vaginal enviroment did not influence GBS recovery as observed in this study.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2005;27(11):672-676
04-10-2005
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032005001100007
PURPOSE: to evaluate the influence of vaginal environment of pregnant women on group B streptococcus (GBS) survival after 8, 24 e 48 h in Amies and Stuart transport media. METHODS: Three vaginal samples were collected from 30 pregnant women attending the Prenatal Care Outpatient Clinic of the Centro de Atenção Integral à Saúde da Mulher (CAISM), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). The first sample was placed directly onto Todd-Hewitt selective medium; the second was used to perform a gram-stained microscopy, and the third swab was placed in 2 mL physiological saline to which 200 µL of a suspension with 1-2 x 10(8) colony-forming units of GBS was added. After homogenization, six swabs were collected from this suspension (3 from Amie medium and 3 from Stuart medium). These six swabs were kept at room temperature for 8, 24 and 48 h and then incubated on blood agar. Bacterial growth at 37ºC was observed after a 24-h incubation period and it was semiquantitatively graded (0-3+) according to the number of colonies. Statistical analysis was performed by the exact Fisher test and the level of significance was set at 0.05. RESULTS: the recovery of GBS after 48-h storage in Amie and Stuart media was 97 e 87%, respectively. In one of the four cases where no GBS recovery was possible after 48 h of storage, vaginal pH was higher than 4.5, and in two of those cases cytolytic vaginosis was found. CONCLUSIONS: both transport media showed to be appropriate for GBS recovery up to 48 h after sampling. Characteristics of the vaginal enviroment did not influence GBS recovery as observed in this study.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2005;27(5):275-282
08-29-2005
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032005000500008
PURPOSE: to evaluate the effectiveness of the "global active stretching" (GAS) method and the routine medical recommendations for lumbar and/or posterior pelvic pain in pregnancy. METHODS: sixty-nine pregnant women who experienced lumbar or posterior pelvic pain were selected and identified through a randomized controlled clinical trial and were randomly divided into two groups. One group practiced GAS-oriented exercises and the other followed the routine medical recommendations. The pregnant women were followed up for eight weeks. The severity of pain was estimated by the visual analog scale and posterior pelvic pain and lumbar back pain were confirmed by provocation tests. RESULTS: after treatment, 61% (p<0.01) of the women of the GAS group reported no pain at the lumbar/or posterior pelvic area compared with 11% (p=0.50) of the group who followed routine medical recommendations. CONCLUSIONS: the GAS method relieved and diminished the intensity of lumbar and/or pelvic pains more effectively than routine medical recommendations.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2005;27(5):275-282
08-29-2005
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032005000500008
PURPOSE: to evaluate the effectiveness of the "global active stretching" (GAS) method and the routine medical recommendations for lumbar and/or posterior pelvic pain in pregnancy. METHODS: sixty-nine pregnant women who experienced lumbar or posterior pelvic pain were selected and identified through a randomized controlled clinical trial and were randomly divided into two groups. One group practiced GAS-oriented exercises and the other followed the routine medical recommendations. The pregnant women were followed up for eight weeks. The severity of pain was estimated by the visual analog scale and posterior pelvic pain and lumbar back pain were confirmed by provocation tests. RESULTS: after treatment, 61% (p<0.01) of the women of the GAS group reported no pain at the lumbar/or posterior pelvic area compared with 11% (p=0.50) of the group who followed routine medical recommendations. CONCLUSIONS: the GAS method relieved and diminished the intensity of lumbar and/or pelvic pains more effectively than routine medical recommendations.