Fetal death Archives - Page 3 of 3 - Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(2):111-113
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72031998000200009
The acardius syndrome is a rare complication of monozygotic twin pregnancies, occurring once in 35.000 births. The outcome is invariably fatal for the acardiac twin and for 50-75% of the normal twins. We report a case of partial (pseudo)acardia in twin pregnancy. The diagnosis was made using ultrasonography, fetal echocardiography and confirmed after delivery.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(2):111-113
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72031998000200009
The acardius syndrome is a rare complication of monozygotic twin pregnancies, occurring once in 35.000 births. The outcome is invariably fatal for the acardiac twin and for 50-75% of the normal twins. We report a case of partial (pseudo)acardia in twin pregnancy. The diagnosis was made using ultrasonography, fetal echocardiography and confirmed after delivery.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(5):261-264
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72031998000500005
The disadvantages of the second twin in respect of his birth conditions are of great concern. In this study we have reviewed 90 twin births occurred at the Maternidade da Encruzilhada (CISAM) in Recife, from January/92 to December/93, in order to compare perinatal variables between the first and second twin. Fetal presentation, way of delivery, birth weight, Apgar of the 1st and 5th minutes, occurrence of perinatal complications such as hyaline membrane syndrome, transitory tachypnea, and neonatal infection and, finally, the prognosis of each of the twins were evaluated. There was no statistical difference between the incidence of non-vertex presentation, cesarean section, low birth weight, Apgar < 7 in the 1st and 5th minutes and neonatal complication cited above. There was also no difference in perinatal mortality between the first and the second twin. Our results suggest a similar birth condition for both twins of a same pregnancy, therefore, the same perinatal care must be provided for each one.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(5):261-264
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72031998000500005
The disadvantages of the second twin in respect of his birth conditions are of great concern. In this study we have reviewed 90 twin births occurred at the Maternidade da Encruzilhada (CISAM) in Recife, from January/92 to December/93, in order to compare perinatal variables between the first and second twin. Fetal presentation, way of delivery, birth weight, Apgar of the 1st and 5th minutes, occurrence of perinatal complications such as hyaline membrane syndrome, transitory tachypnea, and neonatal infection and, finally, the prognosis of each of the twins were evaluated. There was no statistical difference between the incidence of non-vertex presentation, cesarean section, low birth weight, Apgar < 7 in the 1st and 5th minutes and neonatal complication cited above. There was also no difference in perinatal mortality between the first and the second twin. Our results suggest a similar birth condition for both twins of a same pregnancy, therefore, the same perinatal care must be provided for each one.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(3):145-149
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72031998000300004
Although 80 to 90% of all dead fetuses may be spontaneously eliminated after two to three weeks from death, labor induction has been the mostly used management. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the results of labor induction for pregnancies with fetal death and gestation age above 20 weeks. It was a descriptive clinical study which was performed at the Hospital e Maternidade Leonor Mendes de Barros in São Paulo, Brazil. One hundred and twenty-two pregnancies with fetal death were evaluated regarding their social and demographic characteristics, causes of fetal death, previous pregnancies history and delivery (induction, route, complications). The statistical procedures used were estimation of mean and standard deviation and chi². The main causes of fetal death were hypertension and infections. The mostly used drug for labor induction was misoprostol (37.7%) followed by oxytocin (19.7%), while 27% of cases had spontaneous onset of labor. The mean time of induction was 3 hours. The majority of women had vaginal delivery and cesarean section was performed in 9.1% of them. It is concluded that labor induction for fetal death is safe and efficient, irrespective of the method used. Misoprostol when used in the vagina is specially useful for cases with an unripe cervix because of the modifying effect of the drug on the cervix.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(3):145-149
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72031998000300004
Although 80 to 90% of all dead fetuses may be spontaneously eliminated after two to three weeks from death, labor induction has been the mostly used management. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the results of labor induction for pregnancies with fetal death and gestation age above 20 weeks. It was a descriptive clinical study which was performed at the Hospital e Maternidade Leonor Mendes de Barros in São Paulo, Brazil. One hundred and twenty-two pregnancies with fetal death were evaluated regarding their social and demographic characteristics, causes of fetal death, previous pregnancies history and delivery (induction, route, complications). The statistical procedures used were estimation of mean and standard deviation and chi². The main causes of fetal death were hypertension and infections. The mostly used drug for labor induction was misoprostol (37.7%) followed by oxytocin (19.7%), while 27% of cases had spontaneous onset of labor. The mean time of induction was 3 hours. The majority of women had vaginal delivery and cesarean section was performed in 9.1% of them. It is concluded that labor induction for fetal death is safe and efficient, irrespective of the method used. Misoprostol when used in the vagina is specially useful for cases with an unripe cervix because of the modifying effect of the drug on the cervix.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1999;21(4):223-226
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72031999000400007
Purpose: to evaluate retrospectively the obstetrical and perinatal aspects of multiple pregnancies with the death of one fetus. Methods: a retrospective study on 26 pregnant women with multiple pregnancies and death of one twin. A conservative approach was followed and the patients were followed-up clinically with blood clotting tests. Results: in 50% of the cases fetal death occurred between 20 and 32 weeks of pregnancy. The time between death and resolution of pregnancy ranged from 6 to 148 h. Death of the other twin occurred in two cases. In 15 cases, the surviving twin had a good course, with two of them presenting slight neurological sequelae. In the other nine cases the other twin died after birth. No pregnant woman developed coagulation disorders.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1999;21(4):223-226
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72031999000400007
Purpose: to evaluate retrospectively the obstetrical and perinatal aspects of multiple pregnancies with the death of one fetus. Methods: a retrospective study on 26 pregnant women with multiple pregnancies and death of one twin. A conservative approach was followed and the patients were followed-up clinically with blood clotting tests. Results: in 50% of the cases fetal death occurred between 20 and 32 weeks of pregnancy. The time between death and resolution of pregnancy ranged from 6 to 148 h. Death of the other twin occurred in two cases. In 15 cases, the surviving twin had a good course, with two of them presenting slight neurological sequelae. In the other nine cases the other twin died after birth. No pregnant woman developed coagulation disorders.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2000;22(2):101-106
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032000000200007
Purpose: to evaluate the prevalence of anticardiolipin antibody in women with stillbirth. Patients and Methods: this was a cross-sectional study performed from May 1998 to September 1999 at the Maternity of the University of Campinas and at the Hospital and Maternity Leonor Mendes de Barros, in Brazil, which evaluated 109 pregnant women hospitalized with the diagnosis of intrauterine fetal death and gestational age of 20 or more weeks. These women underwent some laboratory examinations to identify the cause of fetal death, including anticardiolipin antibody evaluation performed through the determination of IgG and IgM serum levels. IgG and IgM results are expressed as GPL and MPL units, respectively, and, in both cases, results above 10 units are considered positive. The statistical procedures used were the mean and standard deviation estimates, Student's t test, Fisher test and chi². Results: the prevalence of anticardiolipin positivity was 18.3%. The women were predominantly young, with a mean age around 27 years. The main identified causes of fetal death were: hypertension (26.1%), hemorrhage during the third trimester (9.9%) and fetal malformation (8.1%). One third of the cases had no identified causes of fetal death. However, considering the 20 positive cases for anticardiolipin antibody, the proportion of unidentified causes decreased to 29%. Conclusions: it is important to investigate the presence of anticardiolipin antibodies among women with intrauterine fetal death with the purpose of clarifying the causes of stillbirth. If the diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome is confirmed, it is necessary to counsel and treat these women regarding future pregnancies.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2000;22(2):101-106
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032000000200007
Purpose: to evaluate the prevalence of anticardiolipin antibody in women with stillbirth. Patients and Methods: this was a cross-sectional study performed from May 1998 to September 1999 at the Maternity of the University of Campinas and at the Hospital and Maternity Leonor Mendes de Barros, in Brazil, which evaluated 109 pregnant women hospitalized with the diagnosis of intrauterine fetal death and gestational age of 20 or more weeks. These women underwent some laboratory examinations to identify the cause of fetal death, including anticardiolipin antibody evaluation performed through the determination of IgG and IgM serum levels. IgG and IgM results are expressed as GPL and MPL units, respectively, and, in both cases, results above 10 units are considered positive. The statistical procedures used were the mean and standard deviation estimates, Student's t test, Fisher test and chi². Results: the prevalence of anticardiolipin positivity was 18.3%. The women were predominantly young, with a mean age around 27 years. The main identified causes of fetal death were: hypertension (26.1%), hemorrhage during the third trimester (9.9%) and fetal malformation (8.1%). One third of the cases had no identified causes of fetal death. However, considering the 20 positive cases for anticardiolipin antibody, the proportion of unidentified causes decreased to 29%. Conclusions: it is important to investigate the presence of anticardiolipin antibodies among women with intrauterine fetal death with the purpose of clarifying the causes of stillbirth. If the diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome is confirmed, it is necessary to counsel and treat these women regarding future pregnancies.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2005;27(2):86-91
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032005000200008
Oropharyngeal teratoma is the most rare type of teratoma, with only 2% of fetal teratomas. The diagnosis must be established as early as possible, preferably during the prenatal period. The prognosis will depend on the size and location of the lesion, growth rate of the lesion, degree of intracranial spread, its resectability, and immediate care at birth by a multisciplinary team. We report aparticular case of congenital oropharyngeal teratoma (epignathus). The diagnosis was made during the prenatal period by ultrasound, and the fetus evolved to intrauterine death at the 29th week. The anatomopathological examination revealed a female fetus, compatible with 27-28 weeks, oropharyngeal teratoma and congenital malformations.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2005;27(2):86-91
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032005000200008
Oropharyngeal teratoma is the most rare type of teratoma, with only 2% of fetal teratomas. The diagnosis must be established as early as possible, preferably during the prenatal period. The prognosis will depend on the size and location of the lesion, growth rate of the lesion, degree of intracranial spread, its resectability, and immediate care at birth by a multisciplinary team. We report aparticular case of congenital oropharyngeal teratoma (epignathus). The diagnosis was made during the prenatal period by ultrasound, and the fetus evolved to intrauterine death at the 29th week. The anatomopathological examination revealed a female fetus, compatible with 27-28 weeks, oropharyngeal teratoma and congenital malformations.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2004;26(2):153-159
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032004000200011
Pustular psoriasis of pregnancy is a rare pustular dermatosis with eruptions that develop in groups of sterile pustules at the periphery of erythematous patches of the skin. Systemic symptoms include high fever, malaise, diarrhea, delirium, dehydration, tetany, and convulsions. Therapy with systemic corticosteroids, antibiotics, replacement of fluid and electrolytes is mandatory. In this report, we present the cases of two primigravidas, 23 and 28 years old, who presented pustular psoriasis of pregnancy at the 24th and 28th week of gestation. They were treated and, in the first case, a healthy 2,500-g female fetus was born vaginally, after labor induction with oxytocin at the 35th week of gestation; in the second patient, at the 37th week of gestation, after a moderate vaginal bleeding and no perception of fetal movements for 12 hours, a stillborn 2,700-g female was born after labor induction with prostaglandin.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2004;26(2):153-159
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032004000200011
Pustular psoriasis of pregnancy is a rare pustular dermatosis with eruptions that develop in groups of sterile pustules at the periphery of erythematous patches of the skin. Systemic symptoms include high fever, malaise, diarrhea, delirium, dehydration, tetany, and convulsions. Therapy with systemic corticosteroids, antibiotics, replacement of fluid and electrolytes is mandatory. In this report, we present the cases of two primigravidas, 23 and 28 years old, who presented pustular psoriasis of pregnancy at the 24th and 28th week of gestation. They were treated and, in the first case, a healthy 2,500-g female fetus was born vaginally, after labor induction with oxytocin at the 35th week of gestation; in the second patient, at the 37th week of gestation, after a moderate vaginal bleeding and no perception of fetal movements for 12 hours, a stillborn 2,700-g female was born after labor induction with prostaglandin.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2000;22(6):353-363
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032000000600006
Purpose: to study the prognostic parameters for perinatal death in pregnancies with absent or reversed end-diastolic flow velocity on umbilical artery dopplervelocimetry. Methods: two hundred and four pregnancies were retrospectively reviewed. The methods used were cardiotocography, fetal biophysical profile, amniotic fluid index and dopplervelocimetry of ductus venosus, fetal aorta, middle cerebral artery, umbilical arteries and uterine artery. The logistic regression model was applied to one hundred and seventy cases in order to determine the most accurate variable for predicting perinatal death. Results: the mortality rates were: 28 cases of intrauterine fetal death (13.7%) and 45 neonatal deaths (22.1%). A statistically significant correlation was found between death and the studied variables. The perinatal death rate in the group with birth weight below 1,000 g was 74.7%, and in the group with gestational age at delivery below 31 weeks it was 66.3%. By logistic regression, birth weight was the most accurate variable for predicting perinatal death, and a probability curve for death according to this variable was obtained. Conclusions: absent or reversed end-diastolic flow velocity in the umbilical arteries is a severe fetal condition, where the risk of perinatal death is mainly related to birth weight and a gestational age at delivery below 31 weeks.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2000;22(6):353-363
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032000000600006
Purpose: to study the prognostic parameters for perinatal death in pregnancies with absent or reversed end-diastolic flow velocity on umbilical artery dopplervelocimetry. Methods: two hundred and four pregnancies were retrospectively reviewed. The methods used were cardiotocography, fetal biophysical profile, amniotic fluid index and dopplervelocimetry of ductus venosus, fetal aorta, middle cerebral artery, umbilical arteries and uterine artery. The logistic regression model was applied to one hundred and seventy cases in order to determine the most accurate variable for predicting perinatal death. Results: the mortality rates were: 28 cases of intrauterine fetal death (13.7%) and 45 neonatal deaths (22.1%). A statistically significant correlation was found between death and the studied variables. The perinatal death rate in the group with birth weight below 1,000 g was 74.7%, and in the group with gestational age at delivery below 31 weeks it was 66.3%. By logistic regression, birth weight was the most accurate variable for predicting perinatal death, and a probability curve for death according to this variable was obtained. Conclusions: absent or reversed end-diastolic flow velocity in the umbilical arteries is a severe fetal condition, where the risk of perinatal death is mainly related to birth weight and a gestational age at delivery below 31 weeks.
