Você pesquisou por y - Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2015;37(1):30-35
DOI 10.1590/SO100-720320140005134
To evaluate the prevalence of low bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal breast cancer survivors.
In this cross-sectional study, 115 breast cancer survivors, seeking healthcare at a University Hospital in Brazil, were evaluated. Eligibility criteria included women with amenorrhea ≥12 months and age ≥45 years, treated for breast cancer and metastasis-free for at least five years. BMD was measured by DEXA at the lumbar spine (L1-L4) and femoral neck. Low BMD was considered when total-spine and/or femoral-neck T-score values were <-1.0 Delphi Score (DP) (osteopenia and osteoporosis). The risk factors for low BMD were assessed by interview. Data were analyzed statistically by the χ2 test and Fisher's exact test.
The mean age of breast cancer survivors was 61.6±10.1 years and time since menopause was 14.2±5.6 years, with a mean follow-up of 10.1±3.9 years. Considering spine and femoral neck, 60% of breast cancer survivors had low BMD. By evaluating the risk factors for low BMD, a significant difference was found in the percent distribution for age (higher % of women >50 years with low BMD), personal history of previous fracture (11.6% with low BMD versus 0% with normal BMD) and BMI. A higher frequency of obesity was observed among women with normal BMD (63%) compared to those with low BMD (26.1%) (p<0.05).
Postmenopausal breast cancer survivors had a high prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2015;37(1):30-35
DOI 10.1590/SO100-720320140005134
To evaluate the prevalence of low bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal breast cancer survivors.
In this cross-sectional study, 115 breast cancer survivors, seeking healthcare at a University Hospital in Brazil, were evaluated. Eligibility criteria included women with amenorrhea ≥12 months and age ≥45 years, treated for breast cancer and metastasis-free for at least five years. BMD was measured by DEXA at the lumbar spine (L1-L4) and femoral neck. Low BMD was considered when total-spine and/or femoral-neck T-score values were <-1.0 Delphi Score (DP) (osteopenia and osteoporosis). The risk factors for low BMD were assessed by interview. Data were analyzed statistically by the χ2 test and Fisher's exact test.
The mean age of breast cancer survivors was 61.6±10.1 years and time since menopause was 14.2±5.6 years, with a mean follow-up of 10.1±3.9 years. Considering spine and femoral neck, 60% of breast cancer survivors had low BMD. By evaluating the risk factors for low BMD, a significant difference was found in the percent distribution for age (higher % of women >50 years with low BMD), personal history of previous fracture (11.6% with low BMD versus 0% with normal BMD) and BMI. A higher frequency of obesity was observed among women with normal BMD (63%) compared to those with low BMD (26.1%) (p<0.05).
Postmenopausal breast cancer survivors had a high prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2009;31(6):300-304
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032009000600006
PURPOSE: to study vulvovaginal candidiasis from the vaginal fluid of women with and without clinical suspicion, identifying the frequency of Candida spp., and associating it with intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors. METHODS: a total of 286 samples from patients attended in private practices and public health units from August 2005 to August 2007 were collected, being 121 women under clinical suspicion and 165, without. The samples were collected with sterile swabs, taken to the laboratory in 0.85% physiological solution, and then seeded in CHROMagar Candida and in 4% agar Sabourad with chloramphenicol. Classical identification procedures were carried out: macro and micromorphology, zymogram and auxanogram. Data obtained were analyzed by frequency tests and contingency tables (χ2). RESULTS: a total of 47.9% of the women under clinical suspicion got confirmation of candidiasis by the laboratorial tests. Among the patients without clinical suspicion (Control Group), 78.2% were vulvovaginal candidiasis negative according to the laboratorial tests. Candida albicans was the prevalent strain in 74.5% of the cases. There were significant differences among the positive cases, according to the patients from the two cities evaluated (p<0.05). Clothing was one differential aspect found among the two populations studied. CONCLUSIONS: the presence of predisposing factors does not necessarily define vulvovaginal candidiasis. Geographical localization has shown to be a relevant factor in the distribution of events. The type of clothing may be one of the reasons for it. Culture of samples from the vaginal contents, followed by microorganisms' identification, can be important.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2009;31(6):300-304
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032009000600006
PURPOSE: to study vulvovaginal candidiasis from the vaginal fluid of women with and without clinical suspicion, identifying the frequency of Candida spp., and associating it with intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors. METHODS: a total of 286 samples from patients attended in private practices and public health units from August 2005 to August 2007 were collected, being 121 women under clinical suspicion and 165, without. The samples were collected with sterile swabs, taken to the laboratory in 0.85% physiological solution, and then seeded in CHROMagar Candida and in 4% agar Sabourad with chloramphenicol. Classical identification procedures were carried out: macro and micromorphology, zymogram and auxanogram. Data obtained were analyzed by frequency tests and contingency tables (χ2). RESULTS: a total of 47.9% of the women under clinical suspicion got confirmation of candidiasis by the laboratorial tests. Among the patients without clinical suspicion (Control Group), 78.2% were vulvovaginal candidiasis negative according to the laboratorial tests. Candida albicans was the prevalent strain in 74.5% of the cases. There were significant differences among the positive cases, according to the patients from the two cities evaluated (p<0.05). Clothing was one differential aspect found among the two populations studied. CONCLUSIONS: the presence of predisposing factors does not necessarily define vulvovaginal candidiasis. Geographical localization has shown to be a relevant factor in the distribution of events. The type of clothing may be one of the reasons for it. Culture of samples from the vaginal contents, followed by microorganisms' identification, can be important.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2018;40(5):300-303
Thoracic endometriosis syndrome is a rare condition that includes four entities: catamenial pneumothorax, catamenial hemothorax, catamenial hemoptysis and lung nodules. We describe the case of a 23-year-old woman with complaints of hemoptysis during menstrual period in the two years prior to the appointment. Initially, a treatment for tuberculosis was established with no success. Further investigation showed a 4 mmnodule in the right lung, and the transvaginal ultrasonography indicated the presence of deep endometriosis. Considering the occurrence of symptoms only during menses, an empirical therapy was instituted with remission of the complaints.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2018;40(5):300-303
Thoracic endometriosis syndrome is a rare condition that includes four entities: catamenial pneumothorax, catamenial hemothorax, catamenial hemoptysis and lung nodules. We describe the case of a 23-year-old woman with complaints of hemoptysis during menstrual period in the two years prior to the appointment. Initially, a treatment for tuberculosis was established with no success. Further investigation showed a 4 mmnodule in the right lung, and the transvaginal ultrasonography indicated the presence of deep endometriosis. Considering the occurrence of symptoms only during menses, an empirical therapy was instituted with remission of the complaints.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(6):300-305
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032008000600006
PURPOSE: to correlate the presence of yeast from the Candida genus in the oral and vaginal cavity of women with and without vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), with secretor IgA levels (IgAs) present in the saliva. METHODS: among the 51 women included, 13 presented VVC and 38 were the Control Group. An amount of 2.0 mL of saliva without stimulation was collected from each patient, plus vaginal secretion using a swab, which was then immersed in 2.0 mL of physiological solution. Samples were inseminated in Sabouraud dextrose agar with chloramphenicol for isolation and counting of colonies, and the isolated ones, phenotypically identified. IgA has been quantified in the saliva of the women from both groups, by the ELISA technique. RESULTS: in the 13 patients with clinical and mycological diagnosis of VVC, the mean of Candida colony producing unities by milliliter of vaginal secretion (cpu/mL) was 52,723, and 23.8% of the patients presented colonization in the oral mucosa with lower amount of cup/mL (6,030). The levels of IgAs in saliva were lower in the group with VVC (DO mean: 0.3), as compared to the IgA levels of the Control Group (DO mean: 0.6). Eleven patients (37%) from the Control Group presented Candida colonization in the oral cavity, with a lower cup/mL mean, when compared to the VVC Group. The Control Group also presented a lower amount of cpu/mL (1,973) in the vaginal cavity, when compared to the VVC Group (52,942). CONCLUSIONS: these results have demonstrated that patients with clinical diagnosis of vaginal candidiasis presented a higher amount of Candida both in the vaginal and in the oral cavity, and presented lower levels of anti-Candida IgA in the saliva.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(6):300-305
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032008000600006
PURPOSE: to correlate the presence of yeast from the Candida genus in the oral and vaginal cavity of women with and without vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), with secretor IgA levels (IgAs) present in the saliva. METHODS: among the 51 women included, 13 presented VVC and 38 were the Control Group. An amount of 2.0 mL of saliva without stimulation was collected from each patient, plus vaginal secretion using a swab, which was then immersed in 2.0 mL of physiological solution. Samples were inseminated in Sabouraud dextrose agar with chloramphenicol for isolation and counting of colonies, and the isolated ones, phenotypically identified. IgA has been quantified in the saliva of the women from both groups, by the ELISA technique. RESULTS: in the 13 patients with clinical and mycological diagnosis of VVC, the mean of Candida colony producing unities by milliliter of vaginal secretion (cpu/mL) was 52,723, and 23.8% of the patients presented colonization in the oral mucosa with lower amount of cup/mL (6,030). The levels of IgAs in saliva were lower in the group with VVC (DO mean: 0.3), as compared to the IgA levels of the Control Group (DO mean: 0.6). Eleven patients (37%) from the Control Group presented Candida colonization in the oral cavity, with a lower cup/mL mean, when compared to the VVC Group. The Control Group also presented a lower amount of cpu/mL (1,973) in the vaginal cavity, when compared to the VVC Group (52,942). CONCLUSIONS: these results have demonstrated that patients with clinical diagnosis of vaginal candidiasis presented a higher amount of Candida both in the vaginal and in the oral cavity, and presented lower levels of anti-Candida IgA in the saliva.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2016;38(6):301-307
Episiotomy is a controversial procedure, especially because the discussion that surrounds it has gone beyond the field of scientific debate, being adopted as an indicator of the "humanization of childbirth". The scientific literature indicates that episiotomy should not be performed routinely, but selectively.
To review the literature in order to assess whether the implementation of selective episiotomy protects against severe perineal lacerations, the indications for the procedure, and the best technique to perform it.
A literature search was performed in PubMed using the terms episiotomy or perineal lacerations, and the filter clinical trial. The articles concerning the risk of severe perineal lacerations with or without episiotomy, perineal protection, or episiotomy techniques were selected.
A total of 141 articles were identified, and 24 of them were included in the review. Out of the 13 studies that evaluated the risk of severe lacerations with and without episiotomy, 5 demonstrated a protective role of selective episiotomy, and 4 showed no significant differences between the groups. Three small studies confirmed the finding that episiotomy should be performed selectively and not routinely, and one study showed that midline episiotomy increased the risk of severe lacerations. The most cited indications were primiparity, fetal weight greater than 4 kg, prolonged second stage, operative delivery, and shoulder dystocia. As for the surgical technique, episiotomies performed with wider angles (> 40°) and earlier in the second stage (before "crowning ") appeared to be more protective.
Selective episiotomy decreases the risk of severe lacerations when compared with the non-performance or the performance of routine episiotomy. The use of a proper surgical technique is fundamental to obtain better results, especially in relation to the angle of incision, the distance from the vaginal introitus, and the correct timing for performing the procedure. Not performing the episiotomy when indicated or not applying the correct technique may increase the risk of severe perineal lacerations.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2016;38(6):301-307
Episiotomy is a controversial procedure, especially because the discussion that surrounds it has gone beyond the field of scientific debate, being adopted as an indicator of the "humanization of childbirth". The scientific literature indicates that episiotomy should not be performed routinely, but selectively.
To review the literature in order to assess whether the implementation of selective episiotomy protects against severe perineal lacerations, the indications for the procedure, and the best technique to perform it.
A literature search was performed in PubMed using the terms episiotomy or perineal lacerations, and the filter clinical trial. The articles concerning the risk of severe perineal lacerations with or without episiotomy, perineal protection, or episiotomy techniques were selected.
A total of 141 articles were identified, and 24 of them were included in the review. Out of the 13 studies that evaluated the risk of severe lacerations with and without episiotomy, 5 demonstrated a protective role of selective episiotomy, and 4 showed no significant differences between the groups. Three small studies confirmed the finding that episiotomy should be performed selectively and not routinely, and one study showed that midline episiotomy increased the risk of severe lacerations. The most cited indications were primiparity, fetal weight greater than 4 kg, prolonged second stage, operative delivery, and shoulder dystocia. As for the surgical technique, episiotomies performed with wider angles (> 40°) and earlier in the second stage (before "crowning ") appeared to be more protective.
Selective episiotomy decreases the risk of severe lacerations when compared with the non-performance or the performance of routine episiotomy. The use of a proper surgical technique is fundamental to obtain better results, especially in relation to the angle of incision, the distance from the vaginal introitus, and the correct timing for performing the procedure. Not performing the episiotomy when indicated or not applying the correct technique may increase the risk of severe perineal lacerations.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2013;35(7):301-308
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032013000700004
PURPOSE: To evaluate sexual function in postmenopausal women diagnosed with metabolic syndrome. METHODS: Case-control study with 195 postmenopausal women (amenorrhea ≥1 year, FSH≥30 mIU/mL, aged 43 to 69 years) seen at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences of Santa Casa de São Paulo and in the Basic Units of the Family Health Program of São Paulo. Clinical data were collected, and body mass index and waist circumference were evaluated. Total cholesterol, HDL and LDL cholesterols, triglycerides, and fasting glucose were determined for biochemical analysis. We considered women to have the metabolic syndrome when they met three or more diagnostic criteria: waist circumference>88 cm and triglycerides ≥150 mg/dL; cholesterol HDL <50 mg/dL; blood pressure ≥130/85 mmHg, and fasting glucose ≥110 mg/dL. The participants were divided into Control Group (n=87) and Metabolic Syndrome Group (n=108). The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) was employed to assess the sexual function. RESULTS: Mean age was 54.0±4.7 years. The rate of sexual dysfunction was significantly higher in women with the metabolic syndrome than in the Control Group, both when considering FSFI <26.5 (90/108 [83.3%] versus 42/87 [48.2%], p<0.0001) and FSFI <23 (62/108 [57.4%] versus 16/87 [18.39%], p<0.001). The domains desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm (p<0.001), and satisfaction (p=0.002) had lower scores in women with the metabolic syndrome. For the pain scores, there was no significant difference (p=0.57) between groups. All components of the metabolic syndrome diagnosis were associated with higher levels of sexual dysfunction (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome present more frequently sexual dysfunction than those of the same age who do not have it.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2013;35(7):301-308
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032013000700004
PURPOSE: To evaluate sexual function in postmenopausal women diagnosed with metabolic syndrome. METHODS: Case-control study with 195 postmenopausal women (amenorrhea ≥1 year, FSH≥30 mIU/mL, aged 43 to 69 years) seen at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Sciences of Santa Casa de São Paulo and in the Basic Units of the Family Health Program of São Paulo. Clinical data were collected, and body mass index and waist circumference were evaluated. Total cholesterol, HDL and LDL cholesterols, triglycerides, and fasting glucose were determined for biochemical analysis. We considered women to have the metabolic syndrome when they met three or more diagnostic criteria: waist circumference>88 cm and triglycerides ≥150 mg/dL; cholesterol HDL <50 mg/dL; blood pressure ≥130/85 mmHg, and fasting glucose ≥110 mg/dL. The participants were divided into Control Group (n=87) and Metabolic Syndrome Group (n=108). The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) was employed to assess the sexual function. RESULTS: Mean age was 54.0±4.7 years. The rate of sexual dysfunction was significantly higher in women with the metabolic syndrome than in the Control Group, both when considering FSFI <26.5 (90/108 [83.3%] versus 42/87 [48.2%], p<0.0001) and FSFI <23 (62/108 [57.4%] versus 16/87 [18.39%], p<0.001). The domains desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm (p<0.001), and satisfaction (p=0.002) had lower scores in women with the metabolic syndrome. For the pain scores, there was no significant difference (p=0.57) between groups. All components of the metabolic syndrome diagnosis were associated with higher levels of sexual dysfunction (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome present more frequently sexual dysfunction than those of the same age who do not have it.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2005;27(6):301-302
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2005;27(6):301-302
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(6):301-301
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(6):301-301