Você pesquisou por y - Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia
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Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2007;29(3):147-152
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032007000300006
PURPOSE: to evaluate the vascular blood flow of the central retinal arteries using dopplervelocimetry in the different phases of the ovulatory menstrual cycle. METHODS: we performed an observational, longitudinal and prospective study evaluating 34 healthy and ovulatory women. All women were submitted to Doppler scan of the eye to evaluate the vascular resistance of the central retinal arteries, either lying down or on a seated position, during four phases of the menstrual cycle. Confirmation of ovulation was performed by measuring serum progesterone during the luteal phase. We analyzed the pulsatility and resistance index and the maximum, minimum and mean velocity. RESULTS: mean age was 29.7 years. No differences were observed between the indexes obtained in both eyes, therefore a mean index was used for comparisons. As the comparison between the positions used for the exams showed a higher PI for the seated position, the analyses were performed separately. The pulsatility index in the lying position was different among the different phases of the menstrual cycle. The arterial resistance was significantly lower during the intermediate follicular and the periovulatory phases, as compared to the early follicular and luteal phases. When the comparison was performed with the patient in the seated position, no differences were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate a reduction in the vascular resistance of the cerebral microcirculation and a posterior reversal, as shown by changes in the PI.
Summary
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2007;29(3):147-152
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032007000300006
PURPOSE: to evaluate the vascular blood flow of the central retinal arteries using dopplervelocimetry in the different phases of the ovulatory menstrual cycle. METHODS: we performed an observational, longitudinal and prospective study evaluating 34 healthy and ovulatory women. All women were submitted to Doppler scan of the eye to evaluate the vascular resistance of the central retinal arteries, either lying down or on a seated position, during four phases of the menstrual cycle. Confirmation of ovulation was performed by measuring serum progesterone during the luteal phase. We analyzed the pulsatility and resistance index and the maximum, minimum and mean velocity. RESULTS: mean age was 29.7 years. No differences were observed between the indexes obtained in both eyes, therefore a mean index was used for comparisons. As the comparison between the positions used for the exams showed a higher PI for the seated position, the analyses were performed separately. The pulsatility index in the lying position was different among the different phases of the menstrual cycle. The arterial resistance was significantly lower during the intermediate follicular and the periovulatory phases, as compared to the early follicular and luteal phases. When the comparison was performed with the patient in the seated position, no differences were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate a reduction in the vascular resistance of the cerebral microcirculation and a posterior reversal, as shown by changes in the PI.
Summary
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2005;27(4):216-221
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032005000400009
PURPOSE: to identify the relationship between serum levels of leptin and the levels of estradiol and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in women with pituitary suppression and to evaluate its possible interference on the reproductive axis. METHODS: a total of 64 patients submitted to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation with recombinant FSH for assisted reproduction, due to a male or tubal factor, and 20 patients using estradiol valerate, for endometrial preparation in order to be submitted to oocyte donation treatment were studied. All patients used GnRH analogues before starting treatment in order to avoid premature LH surge. Data were analyzed statistically by the chi2 test, Student's t-test and the Pearson correlation test, when appropriate, with the level of significance set at p<0,05. RESULTS: it was observed that leptin levels correlated with body mass index (BMI) even though they had not influenced growth rate of these hormones. A positive correlation was observed between estradiol and leptin levels in both groups, as leptin levels increased from 10.42 to 15.68 ng/mL in the FSH group and from 11.09 to 14.5 ng/mL in the estradiol group, following estradiol increase. The growth rate of leptin was higher in women with higher estradiol levels, i.e., who had induced cycles with recombinant FSH, than in those who received estradiol valerate (159.60±58.01 and 136.73±34.17, respectively). CONCLOSION: we may state that leptin correlated with BMI and that both FSH and estradiol do interfere in the regulation of leptin production in women.
Summary
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2005;27(4):216-221
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032005000400009
PURPOSE: to identify the relationship between serum levels of leptin and the levels of estradiol and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in women with pituitary suppression and to evaluate its possible interference on the reproductive axis. METHODS: a total of 64 patients submitted to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation with recombinant FSH for assisted reproduction, due to a male or tubal factor, and 20 patients using estradiol valerate, for endometrial preparation in order to be submitted to oocyte donation treatment were studied. All patients used GnRH analogues before starting treatment in order to avoid premature LH surge. Data were analyzed statistically by the chi2 test, Student's t-test and the Pearson correlation test, when appropriate, with the level of significance set at p<0,05. RESULTS: it was observed that leptin levels correlated with body mass index (BMI) even though they had not influenced growth rate of these hormones. A positive correlation was observed between estradiol and leptin levels in both groups, as leptin levels increased from 10.42 to 15.68 ng/mL in the FSH group and from 11.09 to 14.5 ng/mL in the estradiol group, following estradiol increase. The growth rate of leptin was higher in women with higher estradiol levels, i.e., who had induced cycles with recombinant FSH, than in those who received estradiol valerate (159.60±58.01 and 136.73±34.17, respectively). CONCLOSION: we may state that leptin correlated with BMI and that both FSH and estradiol do interfere in the regulation of leptin production in women.
Summary
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2002;24(6):371-376
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032002000600003
Purpose: to evaluate the effect of previous ovarian surgery for endometriosis on the ovarian response in assisted reproduction treatment cycles and its pregnancy outcome. Methods: a total of 61 women, with primary infertility and previous ovarian surgery for endometriosis, submitted to 74 in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic spermatozoid injection (IVF/ICSI) cycles, were studied (study group). A further 74 patients with primary infertility who underwent 77 IVF/ICSI cycles within the same period of time, at the same clinic and without previous ovarian surgery or endometriosis were studied as control group. Patients were matched for age and performed treatment. The groups were compared regarding number of ampoules used for superovulation, duration of folliculogenesis, number of follicles, number of oocytes, fertilization and pregnancy rate. IVF started with long protocol GnRHa for pituitary suppression followed by superovulation. After oocyte collection, in vitro insemination or sperm injection was performed and embryos were transferred from day 2 to day 5. Results: patients <35 years with previous ovarian surgery had less oocytes retrieved than the patients of the control group (p=0.049). Number of ampoules used for superovulation, duration of folliculogenesis, number of follicles, and fertilization rate were similar in both groups. The same was observed for pregnancy rates, as 24 patients (53.3%) with previous ovarian surgery and 27 (56.2%) of the control group became pregnant. Patients >35 years with previous ovarian surgery needed more ampoules for superovulation (p=0.017) and had less follicles and oocytes than women of the control group (p=0.001). Duration of folliculogenesis was similar in both groups, as was fertilization rate. A total of 10 patients achieved pregnancy in the study group (34.5%) and 14 (48.3%) in the control group. Conclusion: ovarian surgery for endometriosis reduced the ovarian outcome in IVF/ICSI cycles in women >35 years old, and might also decrease pregnancy rates. Therefore, we believe that for infertile patients, a conservative treatment might be a better option to avoid the reduction of ovarian response.
Summary
Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet. 2002;24(6):371-376
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032002000600003
Purpose: to evaluate the effect of previous ovarian surgery for endometriosis on the ovarian response in assisted reproduction treatment cycles and its pregnancy outcome. Methods: a total of 61 women, with primary infertility and previous ovarian surgery for endometriosis, submitted to 74 in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic spermatozoid injection (IVF/ICSI) cycles, were studied (study group). A further 74 patients with primary infertility who underwent 77 IVF/ICSI cycles within the same period of time, at the same clinic and without previous ovarian surgery or endometriosis were studied as control group. Patients were matched for age and performed treatment. The groups were compared regarding number of ampoules used for superovulation, duration of folliculogenesis, number of follicles, number of oocytes, fertilization and pregnancy rate. IVF started with long protocol GnRHa for pituitary suppression followed by superovulation. After oocyte collection, in vitro insemination or sperm injection was performed and embryos were transferred from day 2 to day 5. Results: patients <35 years with previous ovarian surgery had less oocytes retrieved than the patients of the control group (p=0.049). Number of ampoules used for superovulation, duration of folliculogenesis, number of follicles, and fertilization rate were similar in both groups. The same was observed for pregnancy rates, as 24 patients (53.3%) with previous ovarian surgery and 27 (56.2%) of the control group became pregnant. Patients >35 years with previous ovarian surgery needed more ampoules for superovulation (p=0.017) and had less follicles and oocytes than women of the control group (p=0.001). Duration of folliculogenesis was similar in both groups, as was fertilization rate. A total of 10 patients achieved pregnancy in the study group (34.5%) and 14 (48.3%) in the control group. Conclusion: ovarian surgery for endometriosis reduced the ovarian outcome in IVF/ICSI cycles in women >35 years old, and might also decrease pregnancy rates. Therefore, we believe that for infertile patients, a conservative treatment might be a better option to avoid the reduction of ovarian response.
