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Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2021;43(12):887-893
, , , , , The purpose of the present study is to standardize and evaluate the use of the immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody avidity test on blood samples from newborns collected on filter paper to perform the heel test aiming at its implementation in ongoing programs.
Blood samples from newborns were collected on filter paper simultaneously with the heel prick test. All samples were subjected to immunoglobulin M IgM and IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Peripheral blood was collected again in the traditional way and on filter paper from newborns with high IgG levels (33). Three types of techniques were performed, the standard for measuring IgG in serum, adapted for filter paper and the technique of IgG avidity in serum and on filter paper. The results of the avidity test were classified according to the Rahbari protocol.
Among the 177 samples, 17 were collected in duplicate from the same child, 1 of peripheral blood and 1 on filter paper. In this analysis, 1 (5.88%) of the 17 samples collected in duplicate also exhibited low IgG avidity, suggesting congenital infection. In addition, the results obtained from serum and filter paper were in agreement, that is, 16 (94.12%) samples presented high avidity, with 100% agreement between the results obtained from serum and from filter paper.
The results of the present study indicate that the avidity test may be another valuable method for the diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis in newborns.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2021;43(12):887-893
, , , , , The purpose of the present study is to standardize and evaluate the use of the immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody avidity test on blood samples from newborns collected on filter paper to perform the heel test aiming at its implementation in ongoing programs.
Blood samples from newborns were collected on filter paper simultaneously with the heel prick test. All samples were subjected to immunoglobulin M IgM and IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Peripheral blood was collected again in the traditional way and on filter paper from newborns with high IgG levels (33). Three types of techniques were performed, the standard for measuring IgG in serum, adapted for filter paper and the technique of IgG avidity in serum and on filter paper. The results of the avidity test were classified according to the Rahbari protocol.
Among the 177 samples, 17 were collected in duplicate from the same child, 1 of peripheral blood and 1 on filter paper. In this analysis, 1 (5.88%) of the 17 samples collected in duplicate also exhibited low IgG avidity, suggesting congenital infection. In addition, the results obtained from serum and filter paper were in agreement, that is, 16 (94.12%) samples presented high avidity, with 100% agreement between the results obtained from serum and from filter paper.
The results of the present study indicate that the avidity test may be another valuable method for the diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis in newborns.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2015;37(2):64-70
DOI 10.1590/SO100-720320150005115
To determine the prevalence of toxoplasmosis and to identify the main factors associated with seroreactivity in pregnant women cared for at two reference centers in a city in Northeast Brazil.
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 561 pregnant women at two high-risk prenatal reference centers in a city in Northeast Brazil. All women were interviewed using an epidemiological questionnaire and had their blood samples collected for the following serological tests: anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgG and IgM (ELISA), IgG avidity test, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS version 18.0 for Windows, calculating odds ratio, confidence interval of 95% and with the level of significance set at 5%.
Seroreactivity for toxoplasmosis was detected in 437 women (77.0%), susceptibility in 124 (22.1%) and active infection in 5 (0.9%). There was no significant association between seroreactivity for toxoplasmosis and age, location, income, education, availability of sewage, number of pregnancies or gestational age. The variables significantly associated (p≤0.05) with seroreactivity were multiparity (p=0.03) and living with stray dogs (p=0.01).
This study identified high seroreactivity for toxoplasmosis among patients seen during prenatal care, as well as factors associated with seroreactivity. Appropriate guidelines about primary preventive measures should be emphasized and quarterly serological monitoring is recommended for pregnant women in this city and elsewhere in the Northeast of Brazil.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2015;37(2):64-70
DOI 10.1590/SO100-720320150005115
To determine the prevalence of toxoplasmosis and to identify the main factors associated with seroreactivity in pregnant women cared for at two reference centers in a city in Northeast Brazil.
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 561 pregnant women at two high-risk prenatal reference centers in a city in Northeast Brazil. All women were interviewed using an epidemiological questionnaire and had their blood samples collected for the following serological tests: anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgG and IgM (ELISA), IgG avidity test, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS version 18.0 for Windows, calculating odds ratio, confidence interval of 95% and with the level of significance set at 5%.
Seroreactivity for toxoplasmosis was detected in 437 women (77.0%), susceptibility in 124 (22.1%) and active infection in 5 (0.9%). There was no significant association between seroreactivity for toxoplasmosis and age, location, income, education, availability of sewage, number of pregnancies or gestational age. The variables significantly associated (p≤0.05) with seroreactivity were multiparity (p=0.03) and living with stray dogs (p=0.01).
This study identified high seroreactivity for toxoplasmosis among patients seen during prenatal care, as well as factors associated with seroreactivity. Appropriate guidelines about primary preventive measures should be emphasized and quarterly serological monitoring is recommended for pregnant women in this city and elsewhere in the Northeast of Brazil.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2014;36(1):17-22
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032014000100005
To analyze the serological, anatomopathological and parasitological results obtained from abortive material in order to detect infections with the risk of vertical transmission, with emphasis on toxoplasmosis.
A cross-sectional cohort study was conducted in order to determine the prevalence of infectoparasitic diseases. A total of 105 women who suffered spontaneous complete or incomplete abortion participated in the study. The women were interviewed, answered a questionnaire and had their blood and abortive material collected. Immunological tests were carried out in order to detect toxoplasmosis, Chagas disease, rubeola, cytomegalovirus and syphilis, and anatomopathological analysis of the ovular remains was performed.
55% of the women studied were 20 to 30 years old. Most of them (68%) presented a gestational age between the 7th and 14th week. 54.3% of the women had complete or incomplete high school education. Serological analysis showed cytomegalovirus (CMV) as the most common vertically transmitted infection with 97.1% positivity, followed by rubeola with 95.2%. Toxoplasmosis showed 54.3% positivity, Chagas disease 1.9% and syphilis 0.95%. Anatomopathological analysis showed inflammation in 63.1% of the cases and absence of inflammation in 34%. The results of the serological, anatomopathological and parasitological analysis of the 105 participants showed that 57 women were T. gondii positive. However, none showed positivity in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or in mouse inoculation.
The prevalence of diseases with the risk of vertical transmission is important in women with spontaneous abortion, indicating the need for more research in order to investigate the etiology of abortion.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2014;36(1):17-22
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032014000100005
To analyze the serological, anatomopathological and parasitological results obtained from abortive material in order to detect infections with the risk of vertical transmission, with emphasis on toxoplasmosis.
A cross-sectional cohort study was conducted in order to determine the prevalence of infectoparasitic diseases. A total of 105 women who suffered spontaneous complete or incomplete abortion participated in the study. The women were interviewed, answered a questionnaire and had their blood and abortive material collected. Immunological tests were carried out in order to detect toxoplasmosis, Chagas disease, rubeola, cytomegalovirus and syphilis, and anatomopathological analysis of the ovular remains was performed.
55% of the women studied were 20 to 30 years old. Most of them (68%) presented a gestational age between the 7th and 14th week. 54.3% of the women had complete or incomplete high school education. Serological analysis showed cytomegalovirus (CMV) as the most common vertically transmitted infection with 97.1% positivity, followed by rubeola with 95.2%. Toxoplasmosis showed 54.3% positivity, Chagas disease 1.9% and syphilis 0.95%. Anatomopathological analysis showed inflammation in 63.1% of the cases and absence of inflammation in 34%. The results of the serological, anatomopathological and parasitological analysis of the 105 participants showed that 57 women were T. gondii positive. However, none showed positivity in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or in mouse inoculation.
The prevalence of diseases with the risk of vertical transmission is important in women with spontaneous abortion, indicating the need for more research in order to investigate the etiology of abortion.