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Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1999;21(1):13-17
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72031999000100003
Purpose: to evaluate if the nipple stimulation performed by primigravidae, at 40 weeks, modifies Bishop index. Method: 64 primigravidae, without clinical or obstetrical complications were studied, in two groups. One group, called nipple stimulation group (N.S.G.) had 29 pregnant women. The other, named control group (C.G.) included 35 pregnant women. The N.S.G. performed the nipple stimulation test, bilaterally, from left to right, for two minutes followed by five minutes of rest, during thirty minutes. The test was done three times a day up to 41 weeks of pregnancy or beginning of labor. Statistical analysis of the results was performed using Student's t test, with 5 % significance. Results: once nipple stimulation was completed in the N.S.G., it was compared with the C.G. considering time of delivery. The results showed no significant differences between the groups regarding cervix modification, according to the Bishop index. Conclusions: there were no differences of the Bishop index in primigravidae, with more than 40 weeks of pregnancy, who performed nipple stimulation test, when compared with pregnant women of the control group.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1999;21(1):13-17
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72031999000100003
Purpose: to evaluate if the nipple stimulation performed by primigravidae, at 40 weeks, modifies Bishop index. Method: 64 primigravidae, without clinical or obstetrical complications were studied, in two groups. One group, called nipple stimulation group (N.S.G.) had 29 pregnant women. The other, named control group (C.G.) included 35 pregnant women. The N.S.G. performed the nipple stimulation test, bilaterally, from left to right, for two minutes followed by five minutes of rest, during thirty minutes. The test was done three times a day up to 41 weeks of pregnancy or beginning of labor. Statistical analysis of the results was performed using Student's t test, with 5 % significance. Results: once nipple stimulation was completed in the N.S.G., it was compared with the C.G. considering time of delivery. The results showed no significant differences between the groups regarding cervix modification, according to the Bishop index. Conclusions: there were no differences of the Bishop index in primigravidae, with more than 40 weeks of pregnancy, who performed nipple stimulation test, when compared with pregnant women of the control group.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(10):551-555
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72031998001000002
Purpose: to assess the validity of fetal weight estimation by a method based on uterine height -- Johnson's rule. Methods: one hundred and one pregnant women and their newborn children were studied. The fetal weight was estimated using an adaptation of Johnson's rule, which consists of the clinical application of a mathematical model to calculate the fetal weight based on the uterine height and the height of fetal presentation. The estimated weight was obtained on the day of delivery and was compared to the weight observed after birth. This, in turn, was the control of the analysis of validity of the method used. On the same date, a detailed obstetrical ultrasonography (US) was conducted which included the fetal weight, calculated by the use of Sheppard's tables. This weight, estimated by US, was compared to the birth weight. Results: the results have proven that the clinical estimate used in this study has a similar value to that of the US calculation of birth weight. The accuracy of the clinical method, with variations of 5%, 10% and 15% between estimated and observed weights, was 55.3%, 73% and 86.7%, respectively. Those of the US were 60.7%, 75.4% and 91.1%, respectively. When comparing both sets of figures, values were not different from a statistical standpoint. Conclusion: the clinical evaluation has shown to be accurate, similarly to the US, when calculating the birth weight.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(10):551-555
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72031998001000002
Purpose: to assess the validity of fetal weight estimation by a method based on uterine height -- Johnson's rule. Methods: one hundred and one pregnant women and their newborn children were studied. The fetal weight was estimated using an adaptation of Johnson's rule, which consists of the clinical application of a mathematical model to calculate the fetal weight based on the uterine height and the height of fetal presentation. The estimated weight was obtained on the day of delivery and was compared to the weight observed after birth. This, in turn, was the control of the analysis of validity of the method used. On the same date, a detailed obstetrical ultrasonography (US) was conducted which included the fetal weight, calculated by the use of Sheppard's tables. This weight, estimated by US, was compared to the birth weight. Results: the results have proven that the clinical estimate used in this study has a similar value to that of the US calculation of birth weight. The accuracy of the clinical method, with variations of 5%, 10% and 15% between estimated and observed weights, was 55.3%, 73% and 86.7%, respectively. Those of the US were 60.7%, 75.4% and 91.1%, respectively. When comparing both sets of figures, values were not different from a statistical standpoint. Conclusion: the clinical evaluation has shown to be accurate, similarly to the US, when calculating the birth weight.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1999;21(10):593-596
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72031999001000005
Objetivos: determinar a freqüência de perfuração da luva cirúrgica em procedimentos de obstetrícia e ginecologia e compará-la com a de outras especialidades. Avaliar também a percepção do fato pelo ginecologista-obstetra, comparando-se com os demais profissionais. Métodos: estudo longitudinal, no período de março a outubro de 1997. Foram analisadas para constatação de perfuração 1.525 pares de luvas utilizadas nos procedimentos médico-cirúrgicos em hospital privado. Ao final das cirurgias, as luvas eram testadas por meio do enchimento com água e suave compressão para verificação de vazamentos. Na ocasião, pessoal treinado entrevistava o cirurgião sobre o reconhecimento de furos na luva cirúrgica, no intra-operatório. Os procedimentos em ginecologia-obstetrícia (grupo de estudo) foram comparados com os das demais especialidades (grupo controle). A percepção do acidente pelo cirurgião foi comparada nos dois grupos. Resultados: nos 1.113 procedimentos em ginecologia-obstetrícia foram encontrados 19,3% de perfurações. Nos demais procedimentos agrupados a porcentagem foi de 18,7%. Não houve diferença significativa entre os dois grupos (p>0,10). A percepção do acidente com a luva pelo ginecologista-obstetra foi de 29,8%, ao passo que a dos demais especialistas agrupados foi de 31,2%. A diferença não foi estatisticamente significativa (p>0,10). Conclusões: apesar da freqüência relativamente alta de perfuração da luva cirúrgica, o ginecologista-obstetra não apresenta maior risco de exposição a doenças infectocontagiosas que os demais profissionais. Do mesmo modo, a percepção do fato pelo ginecologista-obstetra não foi diferente, na média, da dos outros especialistas. Os resultados do presente estudo atestam a importância dos cuidados no intra-operatório com a perfuração da luva cirúrgica.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1999;21(10):593-596
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72031999001000005
Objetivos: determinar a freqüência de perfuração da luva cirúrgica em procedimentos de obstetrícia e ginecologia e compará-la com a de outras especialidades. Avaliar também a percepção do fato pelo ginecologista-obstetra, comparando-se com os demais profissionais. Métodos: estudo longitudinal, no período de março a outubro de 1997. Foram analisadas para constatação de perfuração 1.525 pares de luvas utilizadas nos procedimentos médico-cirúrgicos em hospital privado. Ao final das cirurgias, as luvas eram testadas por meio do enchimento com água e suave compressão para verificação de vazamentos. Na ocasião, pessoal treinado entrevistava o cirurgião sobre o reconhecimento de furos na luva cirúrgica, no intra-operatório. Os procedimentos em ginecologia-obstetrícia (grupo de estudo) foram comparados com os das demais especialidades (grupo controle). A percepção do acidente pelo cirurgião foi comparada nos dois grupos. Resultados: nos 1.113 procedimentos em ginecologia-obstetrícia foram encontrados 19,3% de perfurações. Nos demais procedimentos agrupados a porcentagem foi de 18,7%. Não houve diferença significativa entre os dois grupos (p>0,10). A percepção do acidente com a luva pelo ginecologista-obstetra foi de 29,8%, ao passo que a dos demais especialistas agrupados foi de 31,2%. A diferença não foi estatisticamente significativa (p>0,10). Conclusões: apesar da freqüência relativamente alta de perfuração da luva cirúrgica, o ginecologista-obstetra não apresenta maior risco de exposição a doenças infectocontagiosas que os demais profissionais. Do mesmo modo, a percepção do fato pelo ginecologista-obstetra não foi diferente, na média, da dos outros especialistas. Os resultados do presente estudo atestam a importância dos cuidados no intra-operatório com a perfuração da luva cirúrgica.