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Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2003;25(3):155-161
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032003000300003
PURPOSE: the morbidity in HIV-positive patients due to puerperal fever was studied and correlated to the method and duration of labor, the duration of premature rupture of the membranes, CD4+ cell count and the viral load (VL) at peridelivery. METHODS: a total of 207 HIV-positive women with prenatal examinations and deliveries between May 1997 and December 2001 were enrolled. Of these, 32 had natural childbirth and 175 had a cesarean section. Of the total of enrolled patients, 62.8% were submitted to elective cesarean section. The average age of the group was 27.4 years, and 25.6% were nulliparous and 26% were primiparous. At the moment of the delivery the average gestational age was 37.8 weeks. At the end of pregnancy the average of the CD4+ cell count was approximately 481 cells/mm³ and the viral load 49,100 copies/mL. RESULTS: puerperal morbidity occurred in 34 patients, with 33 after cesarean section and one after natural childbirth. The most usual intercurrent post-cesarean infection was that of the surgical wound (13% of the infection cases). Analyzed factors, such as delivery duration, duration of rupture of the membranes, number of CD4+ cells or the viral load at peridelivery, did not interfere in puerperal morbidity. CONCLUSIONS: puerperal morbidity was 16.8% and occurred more frequently after cesarean sections (18.9%) than after vaginal deliveries (3.1%). The other factors did not present a significant effect on puerperal morbidity.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2003;25(3):155-161
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032003000300003
PURPOSE: the morbidity in HIV-positive patients due to puerperal fever was studied and correlated to the method and duration of labor, the duration of premature rupture of the membranes, CD4+ cell count and the viral load (VL) at peridelivery. METHODS: a total of 207 HIV-positive women with prenatal examinations and deliveries between May 1997 and December 2001 were enrolled. Of these, 32 had natural childbirth and 175 had a cesarean section. Of the total of enrolled patients, 62.8% were submitted to elective cesarean section. The average age of the group was 27.4 years, and 25.6% were nulliparous and 26% were primiparous. At the moment of the delivery the average gestational age was 37.8 weeks. At the end of pregnancy the average of the CD4+ cell count was approximately 481 cells/mm³ and the viral load 49,100 copies/mL. RESULTS: puerperal morbidity occurred in 34 patients, with 33 after cesarean section and one after natural childbirth. The most usual intercurrent post-cesarean infection was that of the surgical wound (13% of the infection cases). Analyzed factors, such as delivery duration, duration of rupture of the membranes, number of CD4+ cells or the viral load at peridelivery, did not interfere in puerperal morbidity. CONCLUSIONS: puerperal morbidity was 16.8% and occurred more frequently after cesarean sections (18.9%) than after vaginal deliveries (3.1%). The other factors did not present a significant effect on puerperal morbidity.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2006;28(3):184-189
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032006000300008
PURPOSE: to evaluate the chronic effects of nelfinavir on body weight gain of pregnant albino rats and their concepts, as well as on the number of implantations, reabsorptions, fetuses, placentae, and maternal and fetal mortality. METHODS: fifty pregnant EPM-1 Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into five groups: two controls, Contr1 (control of stress) and Contr2 (drug vehicle control), and 3 experimental groups, Exp40, Exp120, Exp360, which received 40, 120 or 360 mg/kg per day of oral solution of nelfinavir, respectively. The drug and the vehicle (distilled water) were administered twice a day (12/12 h) by gavage from the first up to the 20th day of pregnancy. After sacrifice under deep anesthesia, the following parameters were evaluated: number of implantations and reabsorptions, the weight of fetuses and placentae, and the number of intrauterine deaths as well as inspection for major malformations. Data were evaluated by ANOVA followed by the Kruskal-Wallis multiple comparison test. RESULTS: body weight gain during pregnancy was normal for all the groups, and no significant differences were detected between them. ANOVA did not reveal any significant effect of nelfinavir on the studied parameters. The means of number of fetuses were: control = 9.7±0.50; nelfinavir-treated groups = 9.7±0.81. Regarding the means of number of placentae and implantations, controls = 9.7±0.50; nelfinavir-treated groups = 9.6±0.78. The mean fetal weights were as follows: controls = 4.04±0.50; nelfinavir-treated groups = 3.91±0.33 g. Finally, control placental weights averaged 0.64±0.02; nelfinavir-treated groups = 0.67±0.02 g. CONCLUSION: nelfinavir was well tolerated at all the administered doses; no damage was produced on the fetuses.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2006;28(3):184-189
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032006000300008
PURPOSE: to evaluate the chronic effects of nelfinavir on body weight gain of pregnant albino rats and their concepts, as well as on the number of implantations, reabsorptions, fetuses, placentae, and maternal and fetal mortality. METHODS: fifty pregnant EPM-1 Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into five groups: two controls, Contr1 (control of stress) and Contr2 (drug vehicle control), and 3 experimental groups, Exp40, Exp120, Exp360, which received 40, 120 or 360 mg/kg per day of oral solution of nelfinavir, respectively. The drug and the vehicle (distilled water) were administered twice a day (12/12 h) by gavage from the first up to the 20th day of pregnancy. After sacrifice under deep anesthesia, the following parameters were evaluated: number of implantations and reabsorptions, the weight of fetuses and placentae, and the number of intrauterine deaths as well as inspection for major malformations. Data were evaluated by ANOVA followed by the Kruskal-Wallis multiple comparison test. RESULTS: body weight gain during pregnancy was normal for all the groups, and no significant differences were detected between them. ANOVA did not reveal any significant effect of nelfinavir on the studied parameters. The means of number of fetuses were: control = 9.7±0.50; nelfinavir-treated groups = 9.7±0.81. Regarding the means of number of placentae and implantations, controls = 9.7±0.50; nelfinavir-treated groups = 9.6±0.78. The mean fetal weights were as follows: controls = 4.04±0.50; nelfinavir-treated groups = 3.91±0.33 g. Finally, control placental weights averaged 0.64±0.02; nelfinavir-treated groups = 0.67±0.02 g. CONCLUSION: nelfinavir was well tolerated at all the administered doses; no damage was produced on the fetuses.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2004;26(3):207-211
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032004000300006
OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the chronic effects of amprenavir on implantations, reabsorptions, fetuses, placentae, and maternal and fetal mortality in the albino rat. METHODS: five groups of EPM-1 Wistar pregnant rats were used: two controls: Contr1 (control of stress) and Contr2 (drug vehicle control), and 3 experimental groups that were treated once a day throughout gestation with 46mg/kg (Exper1), 138mg/kg (Exper2) and 414mg/kg (Exper3) of oral solution of amprenavir. The drug and the vehicle (propyleneglycol) were administered by gavage. The evaluations included maternal body weight gain, number of implantations, reabsorptions, fetuses, placentae and of intrauterine deaths as well as fetal and placental mean weight and major malformations. Fragments of lungs, kidneys, liver and intestines were collected and prepared for histopathological evaluation. RESULTS: Exper3 group tended to show lesser maternal body weight gain during gestation (P = 0.07), but amprenavir did not affect the intrauterine contents. The cytotoxic effect of the drug was observed with regard to the histopathological analyses of pregnant rat viscerae and to the maternal mortality rate: 50% in Exper1 and Exper2 groups, and 70% in Exper3 group. CONCLUSION: amprenavir exerted adverse side effects on maternal lung, gut, kidney and liver, and significantly increased maternal mortality rates in all administered doses and especially at 414 mg/kg.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2004;26(3):207-211
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032004000300006
OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the chronic effects of amprenavir on implantations, reabsorptions, fetuses, placentae, and maternal and fetal mortality in the albino rat. METHODS: five groups of EPM-1 Wistar pregnant rats were used: two controls: Contr1 (control of stress) and Contr2 (drug vehicle control), and 3 experimental groups that were treated once a day throughout gestation with 46mg/kg (Exper1), 138mg/kg (Exper2) and 414mg/kg (Exper3) of oral solution of amprenavir. The drug and the vehicle (propyleneglycol) were administered by gavage. The evaluations included maternal body weight gain, number of implantations, reabsorptions, fetuses, placentae and of intrauterine deaths as well as fetal and placental mean weight and major malformations. Fragments of lungs, kidneys, liver and intestines were collected and prepared for histopathological evaluation. RESULTS: Exper3 group tended to show lesser maternal body weight gain during gestation (P = 0.07), but amprenavir did not affect the intrauterine contents. The cytotoxic effect of the drug was observed with regard to the histopathological analyses of pregnant rat viscerae and to the maternal mortality rate: 50% in Exper1 and Exper2 groups, and 70% in Exper3 group. CONCLUSION: amprenavir exerted adverse side effects on maternal lung, gut, kidney and liver, and significantly increased maternal mortality rates in all administered doses and especially at 414 mg/kg.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2014;36(5):228-232
DOI 10.1590/S0100-7203201400050008
It was to assess the quality of life (QOL) of HIV-infected pregnant women using the HIV/AIDS - Targeted Quality of Life (HAT-QoL) questionnaire.
A descriptive study of 60 pregnant women attended at the Multidisciplinary Nucleus of Infectious Diseases During Pregnancy (NUPAIG) - UNIFESP/EPM and in the referral network of the Municipal Office of São Paulo, conducted from February 2011 to October 2012. Sociodemographic and clinical variables were collected from 60 HIV-infected pregnant women who answered the HAT-QoL questionnaire, which included 34 questions about quality of life.
The average age was 30 years and the average period of HIV infection was 5.7 years. Only 8.3% of patients had a CD4 cell score of ≤200 cells/mm³ and 45% showed undetectable viral load. The average domain scores ranged from 47.5 to 83.7. The domains with the lowest scores were financial concerns and concerns about secrecy. The domains with the highest scores and lower impact on quality of life were concerns about medication and confidence in the professional.
In this initial study with 60 pregnant women, we concluded that the HAT-QOL can contribute to the assessment of quality of life in the population of HIV-infected pregnant women in Brazil.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2014;36(5):228-232
DOI 10.1590/S0100-7203201400050008
It was to assess the quality of life (QOL) of HIV-infected pregnant women using the HIV/AIDS - Targeted Quality of Life (HAT-QoL) questionnaire.
A descriptive study of 60 pregnant women attended at the Multidisciplinary Nucleus of Infectious Diseases During Pregnancy (NUPAIG) - UNIFESP/EPM and in the referral network of the Municipal Office of São Paulo, conducted from February 2011 to October 2012. Sociodemographic and clinical variables were collected from 60 HIV-infected pregnant women who answered the HAT-QoL questionnaire, which included 34 questions about quality of life.
The average age was 30 years and the average period of HIV infection was 5.7 years. Only 8.3% of patients had a CD4 cell score of ≤200 cells/mm³ and 45% showed undetectable viral load. The average domain scores ranged from 47.5 to 83.7. The domains with the lowest scores were financial concerns and concerns about secrecy. The domains with the highest scores and lower impact on quality of life were concerns about medication and confidence in the professional.
In this initial study with 60 pregnant women, we concluded that the HAT-QOL can contribute to the assessment of quality of life in the population of HIV-infected pregnant women in Brazil.