Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2005;27(2):86-91
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032005000200008
Oropharyngeal teratoma is the most rare type of teratoma, with only 2% of fetal teratomas. The diagnosis must be established as early as possible, preferably during the prenatal period. The prognosis will depend on the size and location of the lesion, growth rate of the lesion, degree of intracranial spread, its resectability, and immediate care at birth by a multisciplinary team. We report aparticular case of congenital oropharyngeal teratoma (epignathus). The diagnosis was made during the prenatal period by ultrasound, and the fetus evolved to intrauterine death at the 29th week. The anatomopathological examination revealed a female fetus, compatible with 27-28 weeks, oropharyngeal teratoma and congenital malformations.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2005;27(2):92-97
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032005000200009
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is an endemic disease in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, mainly in the areas near the Paraguay and Paraná rivers. An increasing number of cases have been occurring especially in the state capital Campo Grande, with consequent occurrence of VL cases in pregnant women. This situation causes an elevated risk of vertical transmission of the parasite. In this report, we describe a case of VL in a pregnant woman followed up by our group, who was treated with liposomal amphotericin B, with no vertical transmission of the parasite. In our report, we demonstrate a therapeutic option for kala-azar during pregnancy, since antimoniate, the first-choice drug, is not prescribed during the gestational period.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2000;22(5):307-310
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032000000500009
Polymastia is a usual problem in Mastology clinics and the possibility of cancer must be taken into consideration, as much as in any other mammary tissue. In the present study the case of a 48-year-old patient, submitted to the excision of the left axillary breast for cosmetic purposes is reported. The histological examination showed an invasive ductal carcinoma with an extensive in situ component. The patient was submitted to a wide excision plus axillary lymphadenectomy and radiation therapy. The frequency, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of cancer in supernumerary breasts is also reviewed.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2004;26(7):579-582
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032004000700011
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria is a rare disease caused by an acquired gene mutation of the hematopoietic system, with 16-18% of the cases diagnosed during pregnancy. We describe two cases of pregnancy in women with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Maternal mortality reaches 8-10%, mainly due to thromboembolism and, less frequently, to leukemic transformation. Fetal losses may reach 30%. These two cases illustrate a serious and extremely complex situation, which is the obstetrical management of a patient with a very rare, serious and potentially fatal hematological condition. Using a multidisciplinary approach in tertiary care centers, it is possible to attain good maternal and perinatal outcomes.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2004;26(3):241-245
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032004000300011
The reduction of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of the HIV-1 using zidovudine (ZDV) represents a cornerstone in the prenatal and obstetrical care to these patients. The invasive fetal and obstetric procedures are proscribed in HIV-1 infected pregnant patients, to avoid the increased risk of MTCT of this virus. The authors present a case of an HIV-1 infected woman with recurrent polyhydramnios. Four ultrasound-guided amniotic punctures were performed in the 23rd, 26th, 27th and 29th weeks of gestation, each one draining the respective volumes of 1,800, 1,450, 1,700 and 1,960 ml of clear amniotic fluid. The patient started preterm labor with 30 weeks and 5 days resulting in vaginal delivery of a male neonate weighing 1,690g and measuring 43cm. The baby presented a post natal diagnosis of a sodium-losing nephropathy and was submitted to three negative polymerase chain reaction tests for HIV-1. The authors point out that the option to manage cases of HIV-1 infected pregnancies that could need invasive obstetric procedures should be to give the patient 2 mg//kg of ZDV endovenously before the procedure, in order to avoid MTCT of HIV-1, as it has demonstrated good results in this case.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2003;25(8):605-608
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032003000800010
The purely mucinous tumors of the ovary are considered, by some authors, as a monodermic variant of mature teratoma. Few case reports mention the coexistence of these two tumors with distinct cellular origin. Our objective is to describe the case of a 38-year-old patient with a mucinous cystadenocarcinoma with low malignant potential arising in a mature cystic teratoma and to divulge the importance of the knowledge about this association to the gynecological surgeon.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2003;25(7):529-532
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032003000700011
The fistulas caused by mechanical trauma are rare, mainly the intrinsic type caused by vesical lithiasis. The treatment of these fistulas is controversial, concerning the ideal surgical technique. Several techniques have been developed, including the transvaginal and the transabdominal surgical approaches. The authors report the case of a patient with urinary loss for six months. Physical and radiological examination showed the occurrence of a vesicovaginal fistula caused by vesical lithiasis. The treatment was in two stages: first the extraction of the vesical stone by transabdominal approach and second, the correction of the fistula by transvaginal approach.