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Artigos Originais
Prevalence of colonization by group B Streptococcus in pregnant women from a public maternity of Northwest region of Brazil
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(6):274-280
09-05-2008
Summary
Artigos OriginaisPrevalence of colonization by group B Streptococcus in pregnant women from a public maternity of Northwest region of Brazil
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(6):274-280
09-05-2008DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032008000600002
Views57See morePURPOSE: to assess the prevalence of group B streptococcus colonization (GBS) in pregnant women in prodrome or in labor. METHODS: vaginal and rectal cultures were collected from 201 pregnant women, in the admission sector of a public maternity center in the northeast region of Brazil (São Luís, Maranhão). The samples obtained were inoculated in a Todd-Hewith's selective culture medium and after that they were sub-cultivated in blood-agar plates. The CAMP (Christie, Atkins, Munch-Petersen) test was used to identify GBS, which was then serologically confirmed by the BioMérieux Api 20 Strep kit microtest. GBS positive samples were submitted to an antibiotic sensitivity test. Sociodemographic variables, gynecological-obstetrical antecedents, and perinatal outcomes were studied. The Epi-Info 3.3.2 programs from World Health Organization and Statistical Package for Social Sciences 14.0 version were used for the statistical analysis. The prevalence ratio was used as risk measure, considering p<0.05 as significance level, and accepting 80% power. RESULTS: the prevalence of SGB colonization in the mothers was 20.4%. There was no association between the sociodemographic variables or gynecological-obstetrical antecedents and a larger presence of SGB colonization. There were two cases of infectious outbreak among neonatal babies from colonized mothers, but hemocultures resulted negative. High resistance rates were found for the following antibiotics: clindamycin, 25.4%; erythromycin, 23.4% and ceftriaxone, 12.7%. CONCLUSIONS: the prevalence of SGB colonization was high among the mothers, similar to what had been described in other studies. The elevated rates of antimicrobial resistance, especially to ceftriaxone indicate the need for further studies to determine the serology of this agent and of orientation protocols for rational use of antimicrobials.
Views57
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Summary
Artigos OriginaisPrevalence of colonization by group B Streptococcus in pregnant women from a public maternity of Northwest region of Brazil
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(6):274-280
09-05-2008DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032008000600002
Views57See morePURPOSE: to assess the prevalence of group B streptococcus colonization (GBS) in pregnant women in prodrome or in labor. METHODS: vaginal and rectal cultures were collected from 201 pregnant women, in the admission sector of a public maternity center in the northeast region of Brazil (São Luís, Maranhão). The samples obtained were inoculated in a Todd-Hewith's selective culture medium and after that they were sub-cultivated in blood-agar plates. The CAMP (Christie, Atkins, Munch-Petersen) test was used to identify GBS, which was then serologically confirmed by the BioMérieux Api 20 Strep kit microtest. GBS positive samples were submitted to an antibiotic sensitivity test. Sociodemographic variables, gynecological-obstetrical antecedents, and perinatal outcomes were studied. The Epi-Info 3.3.2 programs from World Health Organization and Statistical Package for Social Sciences 14.0 version were used for the statistical analysis. The prevalence ratio was used as risk measure, considering p<0.05 as significance level, and accepting 80% power. RESULTS: the prevalence of SGB colonization in the mothers was 20.4%. There was no association between the sociodemographic variables or gynecological-obstetrical antecedents and a larger presence of SGB colonization. There were two cases of infectious outbreak among neonatal babies from colonized mothers, but hemocultures resulted negative. High resistance rates were found for the following antibiotics: clindamycin, 25.4%; erythromycin, 23.4% and ceftriaxone, 12.7%. CONCLUSIONS: the prevalence of SGB colonization was high among the mothers, similar to what had been described in other studies. The elevated rates of antimicrobial resistance, especially to ceftriaxone indicate the need for further studies to determine the serology of this agent and of orientation protocols for rational use of antimicrobials.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. -
Artigos Originais
Relationship between Candida in vaginal and oral mucosae and salivary IgA
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(6):300-305
09-05-2008
Summary
Artigos OriginaisRelationship between Candida in vaginal and oral mucosae and salivary IgA
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(6):300-305
09-05-2008DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032008000600006
Views98See morePURPOSE: to correlate the presence of yeast from the Candida genus in the oral and vaginal cavity of women with and without vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), with secretor IgA levels (IgAs) present in the saliva. METHODS: among the 51 women included, 13 presented VVC and 38 were the Control Group. An amount of 2.0 mL of saliva without stimulation was collected from each patient, plus vaginal secretion using a swab, which was then immersed in 2.0 mL of physiological solution. Samples were inseminated in Sabouraud dextrose agar with chloramphenicol for isolation and counting of colonies, and the isolated ones, phenotypically identified. IgA has been quantified in the saliva of the women from both groups, by the ELISA technique. RESULTS: in the 13 patients with clinical and mycological diagnosis of VVC, the mean of Candida colony producing unities by milliliter of vaginal secretion (cpu/mL) was 52,723, and 23.8% of the patients presented colonization in the oral mucosa with lower amount of cup/mL (6,030). The levels of IgAs in saliva were lower in the group with VVC (DO mean: 0.3), as compared to the IgA levels of the Control Group (DO mean: 0.6). Eleven patients (37%) from the Control Group presented Candida colonization in the oral cavity, with a lower cup/mL mean, when compared to the VVC Group. The Control Group also presented a lower amount of cpu/mL (1,973) in the vaginal cavity, when compared to the VVC Group (52,942). CONCLUSIONS: these results have demonstrated that patients with clinical diagnosis of vaginal candidiasis presented a higher amount of Candida both in the vaginal and in the oral cavity, and presented lower levels of anti-Candida IgA in the saliva.
Views98This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Summary
Artigos OriginaisRelationship between Candida in vaginal and oral mucosae and salivary IgA
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(6):300-305
09-05-2008DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032008000600006
Views98See morePURPOSE: to correlate the presence of yeast from the Candida genus in the oral and vaginal cavity of women with and without vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), with secretor IgA levels (IgAs) present in the saliva. METHODS: among the 51 women included, 13 presented VVC and 38 were the Control Group. An amount of 2.0 mL of saliva without stimulation was collected from each patient, plus vaginal secretion using a swab, which was then immersed in 2.0 mL of physiological solution. Samples were inseminated in Sabouraud dextrose agar with chloramphenicol for isolation and counting of colonies, and the isolated ones, phenotypically identified. IgA has been quantified in the saliva of the women from both groups, by the ELISA technique. RESULTS: in the 13 patients with clinical and mycological diagnosis of VVC, the mean of Candida colony producing unities by milliliter of vaginal secretion (cpu/mL) was 52,723, and 23.8% of the patients presented colonization in the oral mucosa with lower amount of cup/mL (6,030). The levels of IgAs in saliva were lower in the group with VVC (DO mean: 0.3), as compared to the IgA levels of the Control Group (DO mean: 0.6). Eleven patients (37%) from the Control Group presented Candida colonization in the oral cavity, with a lower cup/mL mean, when compared to the VVC Group. The Control Group also presented a lower amount of cpu/mL (1,973) in the vaginal cavity, when compared to the VVC Group (52,942). CONCLUSIONS: these results have demonstrated that patients with clinical diagnosis of vaginal candidiasis presented a higher amount of Candida both in the vaginal and in the oral cavity, and presented lower levels of anti-Candida IgA in the saliva.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. -
Artigos Originais
Severe maternal morbidity at a local reference university hospital in Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(6):281-286
09-04-2008
Summary
Artigos OriginaisSevere maternal morbidity at a local reference university hospital in Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(6):281-286
09-04-2008DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032008000600003
Views82See morePURPOSE: to assess the prevalence and risk factors associated with near miss and other severe maternal morbidity at a reference tertiary maternity. METHODS: this is a cross-sectional study on severe maternal morbidity at the Hospital e Maternidade Celso Pierro, Campinas, São Paulo, between October 2005 and July 2006, identified from infirmary, admission and delivery unit logbooks. Pregnant and post-partum women with severe maternal morbidity were identified according to clinical criteria proposed by Waterstone. Later, cases with more severe morbidity, called extremely severe maternal morbidity, were reclassified using Mantel criteria, based on organic dysfunction and clinical management. RESULTS: there were 114 severe maternal morbidity cases among 2,207 birth deliveries, with a ratio of other severe morbidity and extremely severe morbidity near miss of 44.9 and 6.8 cases/1,000 live births, respectively. Mean gestational age at delivery was 35 weeks, and 87% came from the reference area for the maternity service. Hypertension (severe pre-eclampsia) represented 96% of other severe morbidity, while hemorrhage represented 60% of all extremely severe cases, followed by hypertension. The prevalence of extremely severe morbidity among the severe morbidity cases was not associated with marital status, schooling, maternal age, type of delivery, parity, gestational age at birth and home place. CONCLUSIONS: the other morbidities were 6.6 times more frequent than near miss, and it was not possible to differentiate both groups by epidemiological risk factors.
Views82This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Summary
Artigos OriginaisSevere maternal morbidity at a local reference university hospital in Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(6):281-286
09-04-2008DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032008000600003
Views82See morePURPOSE: to assess the prevalence and risk factors associated with near miss and other severe maternal morbidity at a reference tertiary maternity. METHODS: this is a cross-sectional study on severe maternal morbidity at the Hospital e Maternidade Celso Pierro, Campinas, São Paulo, between October 2005 and July 2006, identified from infirmary, admission and delivery unit logbooks. Pregnant and post-partum women with severe maternal morbidity were identified according to clinical criteria proposed by Waterstone. Later, cases with more severe morbidity, called extremely severe maternal morbidity, were reclassified using Mantel criteria, based on organic dysfunction and clinical management. RESULTS: there were 114 severe maternal morbidity cases among 2,207 birth deliveries, with a ratio of other severe morbidity and extremely severe morbidity near miss of 44.9 and 6.8 cases/1,000 live births, respectively. Mean gestational age at delivery was 35 weeks, and 87% came from the reference area for the maternity service. Hypertension (severe pre-eclampsia) represented 96% of other severe morbidity, while hemorrhage represented 60% of all extremely severe cases, followed by hypertension. The prevalence of extremely severe morbidity among the severe morbidity cases was not associated with marital status, schooling, maternal age, type of delivery, parity, gestational age at birth and home place. CONCLUSIONS: the other morbidities were 6.6 times more frequent than near miss, and it was not possible to differentiate both groups by epidemiological risk factors.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. -
Artigos Originais
Expression of MMP-9 and VEGF in breast cancer: correlation with other prognostic indicators
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(6):287-293
09-04-2008
Summary
Artigos OriginaisExpression of MMP-9 and VEGF in breast cancer: correlation with other prognostic indicators
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(6):287-293
09-04-2008DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032008000600004
Views91PURPOSE: to analyze the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and of vascular endothelial growth factor (EVGF) in a group of patients with primary breast cancer, and correlate them to one another and with other prognostic indicators. METHODS: transversal study that has analyzed the expression of MMP-9 and of VEGF in 88 consecutive cases of primary breast tumors. The samples were obtained from patients with primary breast cancer, submitted to surgical treatment in the Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, from January 2000 to December 2004. An immunohistochemical technique has been applied, using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex to evaluate the antigen immunoreactions in the tumors. The qualitative expression of proteins has been assessed through the observation of the brownish stain intensity of antibodies in the cytoplasm of malignant cells, when at least one of the tumoral cells presented clear and unequivocal staining with each of those markers. To determine the qualitative score (0=absent, 1=weak, 2=average and 3=strong), the stronger cytoplasmatic staining intensity on the glass slide has been taken into consideration, independently of the stained cells. The quantitative expression was determined by the average percentage of stained cells, observed in at least ten microscopic fields. The MMP-9 and VEGF final quantification expression has been done by the application of the HSCORE=Σ[(I+1)]xPC, where I and PC represent the staining intensity and the percentage of stained cells, respectively. RESULTS: MMP-9 and VEGF presented a significant correlation in the tumors studied. The final expression has shown a median score of 180 and 190, respectively. When MMP-9 and VEGF expression were compared with the variables "age", "tumoral diameter", "histological type", "histological grade", "axillary lymph node" and "vascular invasion", it was impossible to find any significant correlation. Compared to one another, MMP-0 and VEGF have presented a positive correlation (rho=0.23; p=0.03). The axillary lymph node positivity has presented a positive correlation with the larger tumoral diameter (2.7±1.1 cm; p<0.01) and with the presence of vascular invasion (84.1%; p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The present results do not show correlation between the MMP-9 and VEGF with the selected prognostic indicators, but shown a significant correlation between one another.
Key-words Breast neoplasmsImmunohistochemistryMatrix metalloproteinase 9PrognosisVascular endothelial growth factor ASee moreViews91This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Summary
Artigos OriginaisExpression of MMP-9 and VEGF in breast cancer: correlation with other prognostic indicators
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(6):287-293
09-04-2008DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032008000600004
Views91PURPOSE: to analyze the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and of vascular endothelial growth factor (EVGF) in a group of patients with primary breast cancer, and correlate them to one another and with other prognostic indicators. METHODS: transversal study that has analyzed the expression of MMP-9 and of VEGF in 88 consecutive cases of primary breast tumors. The samples were obtained from patients with primary breast cancer, submitted to surgical treatment in the Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, from January 2000 to December 2004. An immunohistochemical technique has been applied, using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex to evaluate the antigen immunoreactions in the tumors. The qualitative expression of proteins has been assessed through the observation of the brownish stain intensity of antibodies in the cytoplasm of malignant cells, when at least one of the tumoral cells presented clear and unequivocal staining with each of those markers. To determine the qualitative score (0=absent, 1=weak, 2=average and 3=strong), the stronger cytoplasmatic staining intensity on the glass slide has been taken into consideration, independently of the stained cells. The quantitative expression was determined by the average percentage of stained cells, observed in at least ten microscopic fields. The MMP-9 and VEGF final quantification expression has been done by the application of the HSCORE=Σ[(I+1)]xPC, where I and PC represent the staining intensity and the percentage of stained cells, respectively. RESULTS: MMP-9 and VEGF presented a significant correlation in the tumors studied. The final expression has shown a median score of 180 and 190, respectively. When MMP-9 and VEGF expression were compared with the variables "age", "tumoral diameter", "histological type", "histological grade", "axillary lymph node" and "vascular invasion", it was impossible to find any significant correlation. Compared to one another, MMP-0 and VEGF have presented a positive correlation (rho=0.23; p=0.03). The axillary lymph node positivity has presented a positive correlation with the larger tumoral diameter (2.7±1.1 cm; p<0.01) and with the presence of vascular invasion (84.1%; p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The present results do not show correlation between the MMP-9 and VEGF with the selected prognostic indicators, but shown a significant correlation between one another.
Key-words Breast neoplasmsImmunohistochemistryMatrix metalloproteinase 9PrognosisVascular endothelial growth factor ASee moreThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. -
Artigos Originais
Tubal reanastomosis: analysis of the results of 30 years of treatment
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(6):294-299
09-04-2008
Summary
Artigos OriginaisTubal reanastomosis: analysis of the results of 30 years of treatment
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(6):294-299
09-04-2008DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032008000600005
Views87PURPOSE: to verify the ratio of intra-uterine gestation in patients submitted to recanalization in the Hospital Regional da Asa Sul in the last 30 years and to assess the rate of ectopic gestation of such procedures, the influence of age and time interval between salpingectomy and recanalization in the therapeutic success. METHODS: medical files of 71 patients were analyzed, after exclusion of those presenting other alterations that could influence fertility prognosis, plus the cases when recanalization was impossible. Variables collected were: occurrence of intra-uterine gestation, coming to term or to abortion; occurrence of ectopic pregnancy after salpingectomy; no-conception after reversion, women's age at the recanalization, and time interval between salpingectomy and its reversion. RESULTS: there has been a pregnancy rate of 67.6%, 73.2% for bilateral recanalization and 46.6% for unilateral, as well as 5.6% of ectopic pregnancies. Concerning the patients' age group, it was observed a pregnancy rate of 33%, from 20 to 24; 60%, from 25 to 29; 69.2%, from 30 to 34; 65%, from 35 to 39, and 42.9%, from 40 to 44 years old. The number of cases was small for age the groups 20 to 24 and 40 to 44 years old. The time interval between salpingectomy and recanalization (TISR) has varied from one to 18 years. TISR has been divided in three groups presenting the following pregnancy rates: one to six year interval, 59%; seven to 12, 66.6%; 13 to 18, 57%. CONCLUSIONS: gestation rate has been 67.6%, 5.6% being ectopic. In the comparison of age groups, there has been no significant influence of age on the therapeutic success of patients from 25 to 39 years old. Sterility duration did not influence the reversion results.
Key-words Anastomosis, surgicalMicrosurgeryPregnancy ratePregnancy, ectopicSterilization reversalTreatment outcomeSee moreViews87This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Summary
Artigos OriginaisTubal reanastomosis: analysis of the results of 30 years of treatment
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(6):294-299
09-04-2008DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032008000600005
Views87PURPOSE: to verify the ratio of intra-uterine gestation in patients submitted to recanalization in the Hospital Regional da Asa Sul in the last 30 years and to assess the rate of ectopic gestation of such procedures, the influence of age and time interval between salpingectomy and recanalization in the therapeutic success. METHODS: medical files of 71 patients were analyzed, after exclusion of those presenting other alterations that could influence fertility prognosis, plus the cases when recanalization was impossible. Variables collected were: occurrence of intra-uterine gestation, coming to term or to abortion; occurrence of ectopic pregnancy after salpingectomy; no-conception after reversion, women's age at the recanalization, and time interval between salpingectomy and its reversion. RESULTS: there has been a pregnancy rate of 67.6%, 73.2% for bilateral recanalization and 46.6% for unilateral, as well as 5.6% of ectopic pregnancies. Concerning the patients' age group, it was observed a pregnancy rate of 33%, from 20 to 24; 60%, from 25 to 29; 69.2%, from 30 to 34; 65%, from 35 to 39, and 42.9%, from 40 to 44 years old. The number of cases was small for age the groups 20 to 24 and 40 to 44 years old. The time interval between salpingectomy and recanalization (TISR) has varied from one to 18 years. TISR has been divided in three groups presenting the following pregnancy rates: one to six year interval, 59%; seven to 12, 66.6%; 13 to 18, 57%. CONCLUSIONS: gestation rate has been 67.6%, 5.6% being ectopic. In the comparison of age groups, there has been no significant influence of age on the therapeutic success of patients from 25 to 39 years old. Sterility duration did not influence the reversion results.
Key-words Anastomosis, surgicalMicrosurgeryPregnancy ratePregnancy, ectopicSterilization reversalTreatment outcomeSee moreThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. -
Artigos Originais
Modulation by progesterone of pain sensitivity to mechanical and ischemic stimuli in young and healthy women
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(6):306-311
09-04-2008
Summary
Artigos OriginaisModulation by progesterone of pain sensitivity to mechanical and ischemic stimuli in young and healthy women
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(6):306-311
09-04-2008DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032008000600007
Views83See morePURPOSE: to investigate the relationship between pain perception (experimental pain threshold and tolerance, in response to ischemia and pressure) in young and healthy young women and female sexual hormone seric levels (estradiol and progesterone). METHODS: 18 volunteers have participated of this study, during three consecutive menstrual cycles. A pressure algometer and a manual dynamometer have been used to measure painful responses to pressure and ischemia algesic stimuli. Blood has been collected for assessment of both hormonal and painful variables, during three menstrual cycles, whose characterization was based on daily oral temperature record, a diary of the menstrual cycles with the onset and end of each cycle, and on estradiol and progesterone plasmatic levels. The average for the algesic variables measured has been compared by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey-Kramer's post-test, among the menstrual cycle phases (follicular, periovulatory, early luteal, late luteal and menstrual). The Pearson's test has been used for correlation analysis between algesic and hormonal variables. Statistical significance has been defined as p<0.05. RESULTS: no significant change in pain parameters among the menstrual cycle phases has been observed. Nevertheless, there have been significant negative correlations between progesterone and ischemic threshold (r=-0.23; p<0.01), and pressure tolerance (r=-0.23; p<0.01) at the early luteal phase. CONCLUSIONS: these results indicate that the increase in progesterone levels correlates with a decrease of ischemic threshold and pressure tolerance, suggesting that progesterone plays a role in the pain modulation during the early luteal phase.
Views83This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Summary
Artigos OriginaisModulation by progesterone of pain sensitivity to mechanical and ischemic stimuli in young and healthy women
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(6):306-311
09-04-2008DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032008000600007
Views83See morePURPOSE: to investigate the relationship between pain perception (experimental pain threshold and tolerance, in response to ischemia and pressure) in young and healthy young women and female sexual hormone seric levels (estradiol and progesterone). METHODS: 18 volunteers have participated of this study, during three consecutive menstrual cycles. A pressure algometer and a manual dynamometer have been used to measure painful responses to pressure and ischemia algesic stimuli. Blood has been collected for assessment of both hormonal and painful variables, during three menstrual cycles, whose characterization was based on daily oral temperature record, a diary of the menstrual cycles with the onset and end of each cycle, and on estradiol and progesterone plasmatic levels. The average for the algesic variables measured has been compared by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey-Kramer's post-test, among the menstrual cycle phases (follicular, periovulatory, early luteal, late luteal and menstrual). The Pearson's test has been used for correlation analysis between algesic and hormonal variables. Statistical significance has been defined as p<0.05. RESULTS: no significant change in pain parameters among the menstrual cycle phases has been observed. Nevertheless, there have been significant negative correlations between progesterone and ischemic threshold (r=-0.23; p<0.01), and pressure tolerance (r=-0.23; p<0.01) at the early luteal phase. CONCLUSIONS: these results indicate that the increase in progesterone levels correlates with a decrease of ischemic threshold and pressure tolerance, suggesting that progesterone plays a role in the pain modulation during the early luteal phase.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. -
Artigos Originais
Evaluation of meiotic abnormalities of oocytes from polycystic ovary syndrome patients submitted to ovarian stimulation
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(5):241-247
08-15-2008
Summary
Artigos OriginaisEvaluation of meiotic abnormalities of oocytes from polycystic ovary syndrome patients submitted to ovarian stimulation
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(5):241-247
08-15-2008DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032008000500006
Views110PURPOSE: to evaluate the meiotic spindle and the chromosome distribution of in vitro matured oocytes obtained from stimulated cycles of infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and with male factor and/or tubal infertility (Control Group) and compare in vitro maturation (IVM) rates between the groups analyzed. METHODS: five infertile patients with PCOS and eight controls, submitted to stimulated cycles for intracytoplasmic sperm injection, were selected prospectively and consecutively, and respectively assigned to the study group and the Control Group. Immature oocytes (21 and 29, respectively, from PCOS and Control Group) were submitted to IVM. After IVM, oocytes with first polar body extruded were fixed and submitted to immunostaining and fluorescence microscopy for morphological evaluation of the spindle and of chromosome distribution. Statistical analysis was performed by the Fisher test with significance, when p<0.05. RESULTS: IVM rates were similar between groups (47.6 e 44.8%, respectively, for PCOS and Control Group). Six of the ten oocytes (60%) from the study group and four of the 12 oocytes (33.3%) from the Control Group presented meiotic anomalies of the spindle and/or anomalous chromosome distribution, without statistical difference between groups. CONCLUSIONS: data from the present study did not demonstrate significant difference neither in IVM rates nor in the proportions of meiotic anomalies between in vitro matured oocytes obtained from stimulated cycles from PCOS patients and control ones.
Key-words Infertility, femaleInfertility, maleOocytesOvulation InductionPolycystic ovary syndromeSperm injections, intracytoplasmicSee moreViews110This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Summary
Artigos OriginaisEvaluation of meiotic abnormalities of oocytes from polycystic ovary syndrome patients submitted to ovarian stimulation
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(5):241-247
08-15-2008DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032008000500006
Views110PURPOSE: to evaluate the meiotic spindle and the chromosome distribution of in vitro matured oocytes obtained from stimulated cycles of infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and with male factor and/or tubal infertility (Control Group) and compare in vitro maturation (IVM) rates between the groups analyzed. METHODS: five infertile patients with PCOS and eight controls, submitted to stimulated cycles for intracytoplasmic sperm injection, were selected prospectively and consecutively, and respectively assigned to the study group and the Control Group. Immature oocytes (21 and 29, respectively, from PCOS and Control Group) were submitted to IVM. After IVM, oocytes with first polar body extruded were fixed and submitted to immunostaining and fluorescence microscopy for morphological evaluation of the spindle and of chromosome distribution. Statistical analysis was performed by the Fisher test with significance, when p<0.05. RESULTS: IVM rates were similar between groups (47.6 e 44.8%, respectively, for PCOS and Control Group). Six of the ten oocytes (60%) from the study group and four of the 12 oocytes (33.3%) from the Control Group presented meiotic anomalies of the spindle and/or anomalous chromosome distribution, without statistical difference between groups. CONCLUSIONS: data from the present study did not demonstrate significant difference neither in IVM rates nor in the proportions of meiotic anomalies between in vitro matured oocytes obtained from stimulated cycles from PCOS patients and control ones.
Key-words Infertility, femaleInfertility, maleOocytesOvulation InductionPolycystic ovary syndromeSperm injections, intracytoplasmicSee moreThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. -
Artigos Originais
Uterus cervix cancer mortality: socio-demographic characteristics of women living in the city of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(5):248-255
08-15-2008
Summary
Artigos OriginaisUterus cervix cancer mortality: socio-demographic characteristics of women living in the city of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(5):248-255
08-15-2008DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032008000500007
Views100PURPOSE: to describe the socio-demographic characteristics of deaths caused by uterine cervix cancer in women living in Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil, from 2000 to 2004. METHODS: a transversal populational study, including 323 deaths by uterine cervix cancer, among which 261 were recorded in the Information System about Mortality and 62 were identified after investigation on deaths by cancer at non-specified sites of the uterus. Mortality rate for all the variables was obtained and statistics for central tendency and variance were calculated. The χ2 test was performed to obtain the mortality coefficient concerning the living place and age range of the patients. RESULTS: death among women under 60 (54.7%), black (60.5%), single (67.6%), housewives (71.2%) and the ones living in poor neighborhood (53.3%) preponderated. Most of deaths occurred in hospitals (85.1%) and 90.2% of them occurred inside national health system hospitals. The mortality coefficient varied from 0.3 (among women under 30) to 54.9/100.00 (among women over 80). Significant statistical differences (p<0.05) were evidenced when death linked to age range and sanitary district was compared to characteristics of the female population living in the city. CONCLUSIONS: in Recife, death by cervix cancer are more frequent among adult, black, single, housewives, women living in poor neighborhoods and attended to at national health system hospitals, with differences in death risk among age ranges and living place.
Key-words Cross-sectional studiesDemographic dataHealth status indicatorsMortalitySocioeconomic factorsUterine cervical neoplasmsUterine neoplasmsSee moreViews100This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Summary
Artigos OriginaisUterus cervix cancer mortality: socio-demographic characteristics of women living in the city of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(5):248-255
08-15-2008DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032008000500007
Views100PURPOSE: to describe the socio-demographic characteristics of deaths caused by uterine cervix cancer in women living in Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil, from 2000 to 2004. METHODS: a transversal populational study, including 323 deaths by uterine cervix cancer, among which 261 were recorded in the Information System about Mortality and 62 were identified after investigation on deaths by cancer at non-specified sites of the uterus. Mortality rate for all the variables was obtained and statistics for central tendency and variance were calculated. The χ2 test was performed to obtain the mortality coefficient concerning the living place and age range of the patients. RESULTS: death among women under 60 (54.7%), black (60.5%), single (67.6%), housewives (71.2%) and the ones living in poor neighborhood (53.3%) preponderated. Most of deaths occurred in hospitals (85.1%) and 90.2% of them occurred inside national health system hospitals. The mortality coefficient varied from 0.3 (among women under 30) to 54.9/100.00 (among women over 80). Significant statistical differences (p<0.05) were evidenced when death linked to age range and sanitary district was compared to characteristics of the female population living in the city. CONCLUSIONS: in Recife, death by cervix cancer are more frequent among adult, black, single, housewives, women living in poor neighborhoods and attended to at national health system hospitals, with differences in death risk among age ranges and living place.
Key-words Cross-sectional studiesDemographic dataHealth status indicatorsMortalitySocioeconomic factorsUterine cervical neoplasmsUterine neoplasmsSee moreThis is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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