ZIKV Archives - Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia

  • Review Article

    Characterization of Placental Infection by Zika Virus in Humans: A Review of the Literature

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2020;42(9):577-585

    Summary

    Review Article

    Characterization of Placental Infection by Zika Virus in Humans: A Review of the Literature

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2020;42(9):577-585

    DOI 10.1055/s-0040-1712126

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    Abstract

    Objective

    The aim of the current review is to present a systematic evaluation of reported human placental findings in cases of zika virus (ZIKV) infection.

    Data

    sources We reviewed the EMBASE, PUBMED, and SCIELO databases until June 2019, without language restrictions. Selection of studies The search terms placenta AND zika virus were used. The inclusion criteria of the studies were studies that reported placental findings in humans. Experimental studies, reviews, notes or editorials were excluded. A total of 436 studies were retrieved; after duplicate exclusion, 243 articles had their titles screened, and 128 had their abstract read; of those, 32 were included in the final analysis (18 case reports, 10 case series, and 4 cohorts)

    Data collection

    We collected data concerning the author, year of publication, study design, number of participants, number of placental samples, onset of symptoms, perinatal outcomes, and main findings on histological analysis.

    Data synthesis

    The placental pathologic findings were described as mild and nonspecific, similar to those of other placental infections, including chronic placentitis, chronic villitis, increased Hofbauer cells, irregular fibrin deposits, increased mononuclear cells in the villus stroma, villous immaturity, edema, hypervascularization, stromal fibrosis, calcification, and focal necrosis of syncytiotrophoblasts.

    Conclusion

    Zika infection presents unspecific placental findings, similar to other infections in the toxoplasmosis, other agents, rubella, cytomegalovirus, and herpes (TORCH)group. Characterizing and standardizing placental findings after zika virus infection is key to understanding the mechanisms of congenital diseases.

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    Characterization of Placental Infection by Zika Virus in Humans: A Review of the Literature

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