Vaginal vault prolapse Archives - Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2016;38(2):77-81
To evaluate the results of sacrospinous colpopexy surgery associated with anterior colporrhaphy for the treatment of women with post-hysterectomy vaginal vault prolapse.
This prospective study included 20women with vault prolapse, PelvicOrgan Prolapse Quantification System (POP-Q) stage≥2, treated between January 2003 and February 2006, and evaluated in a follow-up review (more than one year later). Genital prolapse was evaluated qualitatively in stages and quantitatively in centimeters. Prolapse stage < 2 was considered to be the cure criterion. Statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon test (paired samples) to compare the points and stages of prolapse before and after surgery.
Evaluation of the vaginal vault after one year revealed that 95% of subjects were in stage zero and that 5% were in stage 1. For cystocele, 50% were in stage 1, 10% were in stage 0 (cured) and 40% were in stage 2. For rectocele, three women were in stage 1 (15%), one was in stage 2 (5%) and 16 had no further prolapse. The most frequent complication was pain in the right buttock, with remission of symptoms in all three cases three months after surgery.
In this retrospective study, the surgical correction of vault prolapse using a sacrospinous ligament fixation technique associatedwith anterior colporrhaphy proved effective in resolving genital prolapse. Despite the low complication rates, there was a high rate of cystocele, which may be caused by posterior vaginal shifting due to either the technique or an overvaluation by the POP-Q system.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2016;38(2):77-81
To evaluate the results of sacrospinous colpopexy surgery associated with anterior colporrhaphy for the treatment of women with post-hysterectomy vaginal vault prolapse.
This prospective study included 20women with vault prolapse, PelvicOrgan Prolapse Quantification System (POP-Q) stage≥2, treated between January 2003 and February 2006, and evaluated in a follow-up review (more than one year later). Genital prolapse was evaluated qualitatively in stages and quantitatively in centimeters. Prolapse stage < 2 was considered to be the cure criterion. Statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon test (paired samples) to compare the points and stages of prolapse before and after surgery.
Evaluation of the vaginal vault after one year revealed that 95% of subjects were in stage zero and that 5% were in stage 1. For cystocele, 50% were in stage 1, 10% were in stage 0 (cured) and 40% were in stage 2. For rectocele, three women were in stage 1 (15%), one was in stage 2 (5%) and 16 had no further prolapse. The most frequent complication was pain in the right buttock, with remission of symptoms in all three cases three months after surgery.
In this retrospective study, the surgical correction of vault prolapse using a sacrospinous ligament fixation technique associatedwith anterior colporrhaphy proved effective in resolving genital prolapse. Despite the low complication rates, there was a high rate of cystocele, which may be caused by posterior vaginal shifting due to either the technique or an overvaluation by the POP-Q system.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2004;26(10):757-764
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032004001000002
PURPOSE: to analyze the results of a technical alternative to perform sacrospinous colpopexy for the treatment of vault prolapse after hysterectomy, and also as an additional facilitating procedure in cases of total uterovaginal prolapse. METHODS: forty-six patients underwent hysterectomy and were followed-up for 12 to 44 months, with an average of 32 months. Twenty-three of them presented vaginal vault prolapse (GVault), and 23 had total uterovaginal prolapse (GUterus). The inclusion criterion was the presence of symptomatic prolapse grade III or IV according to the classification proposed by the International Continence Society. Patients presenting lower grade prolapse were excluded. The average age of the patients was similar: 67.0 years in GVault and 67.5 years in GUterus. Average body mass index was also similar: 27.4 kg/m² in GVault and 25.6 kg/m² in GUterus. Deliveries varied from 0 to 13 in GVault (average: 4.4 deliveries), and from 1 to 13 in GUterus (average: 6.2 deliveries). Among the 23 patients in GVault, eight had undergone previous surgical repair without success. The results obtained in both groups were analyzed and compared. The used method takes into account well-known anatomical principles, and differs from the original technique by using a curved needle holder oriented upside down to place sutures through the right sacrospinous ligament under direct vision, approximately 2 cm medially to the ischial spine, thus minimizing the risk of injury to the pudendal vessels and nerve. RESULTS: average duration of the surgery was 90.0 min in GVault and 119.5 min in GUterus, a statistically significant difference (p<0.05). Three blood transfusions were needed, one in GVault and two in GUterus. There was no bladder, rectal or ureteral injury nor death in any of the groups. The incidence and type of postoperative complications were similar in the two groups, and included urinary infection, granuloma, urinary retention, transient neuropathy, buttock pain and blood transfusion. Average vaginal length after the operation was 7.6 cm in GVault and 7.3 cm in GUterus (p>0.05). The anatomical result of the apical, anterior and posterior vaginal compartments was satisfactory in more than 90% of the patients of both groups. The functional result was also similar in both groups, and among the sexually active patients, only one (7.7%) in GVault and two (13.3%) in GUterus complained of dyspareunia after the surgery. There was no association between age, parity, obesity, and the anatomical and functional results. CONCLUSION: analysis of the obtained data demonstrates that this modification of sacrospinous colpopexy is technically simple, safe and effective, providing similar results in both groups of the studied patients.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2004;26(10):757-764
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032004001000002
PURPOSE: to analyze the results of a technical alternative to perform sacrospinous colpopexy for the treatment of vault prolapse after hysterectomy, and also as an additional facilitating procedure in cases of total uterovaginal prolapse. METHODS: forty-six patients underwent hysterectomy and were followed-up for 12 to 44 months, with an average of 32 months. Twenty-three of them presented vaginal vault prolapse (GVault), and 23 had total uterovaginal prolapse (GUterus). The inclusion criterion was the presence of symptomatic prolapse grade III or IV according to the classification proposed by the International Continence Society. Patients presenting lower grade prolapse were excluded. The average age of the patients was similar: 67.0 years in GVault and 67.5 years in GUterus. Average body mass index was also similar: 27.4 kg/m² in GVault and 25.6 kg/m² in GUterus. Deliveries varied from 0 to 13 in GVault (average: 4.4 deliveries), and from 1 to 13 in GUterus (average: 6.2 deliveries). Among the 23 patients in GVault, eight had undergone previous surgical repair without success. The results obtained in both groups were analyzed and compared. The used method takes into account well-known anatomical principles, and differs from the original technique by using a curved needle holder oriented upside down to place sutures through the right sacrospinous ligament under direct vision, approximately 2 cm medially to the ischial spine, thus minimizing the risk of injury to the pudendal vessels and nerve. RESULTS: average duration of the surgery was 90.0 min in GVault and 119.5 min in GUterus, a statistically significant difference (p<0.05). Three blood transfusions were needed, one in GVault and two in GUterus. There was no bladder, rectal or ureteral injury nor death in any of the groups. The incidence and type of postoperative complications were similar in the two groups, and included urinary infection, granuloma, urinary retention, transient neuropathy, buttock pain and blood transfusion. Average vaginal length after the operation was 7.6 cm in GVault and 7.3 cm in GUterus (p>0.05). The anatomical result of the apical, anterior and posterior vaginal compartments was satisfactory in more than 90% of the patients of both groups. The functional result was also similar in both groups, and among the sexually active patients, only one (7.7%) in GVault and two (13.3%) in GUterus complained of dyspareunia after the surgery. There was no association between age, parity, obesity, and the anatomical and functional results. CONCLUSION: analysis of the obtained data demonstrates that this modification of sacrospinous colpopexy is technically simple, safe and effective, providing similar results in both groups of the studied patients.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2003;25(10):705-709
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032003001000002
PURPOSE: to evaluate patients who presented post-hysterectomy vaginal vault prolapse and were treated surgically by abdominal sacropexy (ASP) during the period of 1995-2000 at the São Paulo Hospital (EPM-UNIFESP). METHODS: we studied retrospectively 21 patients with post-hysterectomy vaginal vault prolapse with previous correction of cystocele and rectocele. An analysis was made taking into account the average age of the patients, number of parturitions, weight, body mass index (BMI), time between the appearance of the prolapse and the hysterectomy, duration of surgery, blood loss and recurrences. The patients underwent surgery using the abdominal sacropexy technique with or without the interposition of a synthetic prosthesis between the vaginal wall and the sacrum. RESULTS: of the patients attended in our service, 15 used the ASP technique and in one case, due to intra-operational difficulties, the Te Linde correction was used. The average age of the patients was 63.7 (47-95 years), parity of 4.6 and BMI of 26.9. ASP was performed on average 18 years after total abdominal hysterectomy and 3 years after vaginal hysterectomy. The average surgical time was 2 h and 15 min, without the need of a blood transfusion. There were no recurrences of the prolapse or preoperative symptoms (follow-up of 1-5 years). CONCLUSIONS: surgical treatment of the vaginal vault prolapse can be done by vaginal access (colpocleisis or the fixation to the sacrospinal ligament) or abdominal approach (sacropexy). The latter has the advantage of restoring the vaginal axis, preserving its depth, which apart from improving the prolapse, allows the restoration of sexual, intestinal and urinary functions (especially when associated with colpofixation - Burch). When diagnosis and treatment are adequate and the surgical team has complete knowledge of the pelvic anatomy, we can affirm that ASP reaches its objective in the treatment of vaginal vault prolapse with excellent correction and minimum morbidity.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2003;25(10):705-709
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032003001000002
PURPOSE: to evaluate patients who presented post-hysterectomy vaginal vault prolapse and were treated surgically by abdominal sacropexy (ASP) during the period of 1995-2000 at the São Paulo Hospital (EPM-UNIFESP). METHODS: we studied retrospectively 21 patients with post-hysterectomy vaginal vault prolapse with previous correction of cystocele and rectocele. An analysis was made taking into account the average age of the patients, number of parturitions, weight, body mass index (BMI), time between the appearance of the prolapse and the hysterectomy, duration of surgery, blood loss and recurrences. The patients underwent surgery using the abdominal sacropexy technique with or without the interposition of a synthetic prosthesis between the vaginal wall and the sacrum. RESULTS: of the patients attended in our service, 15 used the ASP technique and in one case, due to intra-operational difficulties, the Te Linde correction was used. The average age of the patients was 63.7 (47-95 years), parity of 4.6 and BMI of 26.9. ASP was performed on average 18 years after total abdominal hysterectomy and 3 years after vaginal hysterectomy. The average surgical time was 2 h and 15 min, without the need of a blood transfusion. There were no recurrences of the prolapse or preoperative symptoms (follow-up of 1-5 years). CONCLUSIONS: surgical treatment of the vaginal vault prolapse can be done by vaginal access (colpocleisis or the fixation to the sacrospinal ligament) or abdominal approach (sacropexy). The latter has the advantage of restoring the vaginal axis, preserving its depth, which apart from improving the prolapse, allows the restoration of sexual, intestinal and urinary functions (especially when associated with colpofixation - Burch). When diagnosis and treatment are adequate and the surgical team has complete knowledge of the pelvic anatomy, we can affirm that ASP reaches its objective in the treatment of vaginal vault prolapse with excellent correction and minimum morbidity.