Prevalence Archives - Page 3 of 5 - Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia

  • Original Article

    Prevalence of antiphospholipid syndrome among women with recurrent pregnancy loss: a cohort study

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2025;47:e-rbgo23
    04-30-2025

    Summary

    Original Article

    Prevalence of antiphospholipid syndrome among women with recurrent pregnancy loss: a cohort study

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2025;47:e-rbgo23
    04-30-2025

    DOI 10.61622/rbgo/2025rbgo23

    Views23

    Abstract

    Objective:

    This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) among women experiencing recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL).

    Methods:

    A cross-sectional was conducted, reviewing the medical records of 134 women with a history of two or more miscarriages, treated between January 2014 and May 2024 at a tertiary university center in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. APS screening was performed by assessing anticardiolipin (IgG and IgM), lupus anticoagulant, and anti-β2-glycoprotein-1 (IgG and IgM) antibodies, based on Sapporo criteria. All tests were performed during non-pregnant periods and at least 12 weeks after the last miscarriage.

    Results:

    The study included 134 women with a mean age of 33.8 ± 5.7 years. The number of prior miscarriages ranged from 2 to 11 per couple. Among the patients who presented the lupus anticoagulant, only two (1.49%) tested positive in two samples, as per revised Sapporo criteria. Considering IgG and IgM anticardiolipin antibodies, four patients (2.98%) tested positive in two samples according to old Sapporo criteria, with one patient having a positive IgG test in two samples, two having positive IgM in two samples and a single patient having both positive tests. None of the 56 patients tested positive for anti-β2-glycoprotein-1 antibodies in two samples.

    Conclusion:

    The prevalence of antiphospholipid antibodies, in line with revised Sapporo criteria, is low among Brazilian women with recurrent pregnancy loss, consistent with recent studies in literature. Ensuring the appropriateness of diagnostic criteria is crucial to avoid unnecessary treatment with platelet anticoagulants and heparin in this population.

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    This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
  • Review Article

    Prevalence of syphilis and associated factors among pregnant women in Brazil: systematic review and meta-analysis

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgo28
    06-03-2024

    Summary

    Review Article

    Prevalence of syphilis and associated factors among pregnant women in Brazil: systematic review and meta-analysis

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgo28
    06-03-2024

    DOI 10.61622/rbgo/2024rbgo28

    Views222

    Abstract

    Objective:

    This systematic review accompanied by a meta-analysis aimed to estimate the prevalence of syphilis in pregnant women in Brazil and describe its associated factors.

    Methods:

    Following the establishment the search strategies and the registration of the review protocol in PROSPERO, we conducted a search for relevant articles in the Pubmed, LILACS, Science Direct, SciELO and Web of Science databases. Our inclusion criteria were cross-sectional studies published between 2005 and 2023, with no language restrictions. The combined prevalence of syphilis infection was estimated using the random effects model in the R Software with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI) and p < 0.01 as statistically significant.

    Results:

    A total of 24 articles were recruited, which together investigated 221,884 women. The combined prevalence of syphilis in pregnant women in Brazil was 1.79% (95% CI: 1.24-2.57%), and the main factors associated with its occurrence were black and brown skin color, low education and factors related to the partner.

    Conclusion:

    There was a high prevalence of syphilis in pregnancy in Brazil, mainly associated with socioeconomic factors.

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    This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
  • Review Article

    Non-RhD alloimmunization in pregnancy: an updated review

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgo22
    00-00-2024

    Summary

    Review Article

    Non-RhD alloimmunization in pregnancy: an updated review

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgo22
    00-00-2024

    DOI 10.61622/rbgo/2024AO22

    Views488

    Abstract

    RhD alloimmunization in pregnancy is still the main cause of hemolytic disease of the fetus and neonate (HDFN). Nevertheless, there are other antigens that may be associated with the occurrence of this phenomenon and that have been growing in proportion, given that current prevention strategies focus only on anti-RhD antibodies. Although not widespread, the screening and diagnostic management of the disease caused by these antibodies has recommendations in the literature. For this reason, the following review was carried out with the objective of listing the main red blood cell antigen groups described — such as Rh, ABO, Kell, MNS, Duffy, Kidd, among others — addressing the clinical importance of each one, prevalence in different countries, and recommended management when detecting such antibodies during pregnancy.

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    This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
  • Original Article

    Seroprevalence of Toxoplasmosis in Puerperal Women Treated at a Tertiary Referral Hospital

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2023;45(2):059-064
    07-10-2023

    Summary

    Original Article

    Seroprevalence of Toxoplasmosis in Puerperal Women Treated at a Tertiary Referral Hospital

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2023;45(2):059-064
    07-10-2023

    DOI 10.1055/s-0043-1764495

    Views189

    Abstract

    Objective

    To evaluate the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis among puerperal women cared for at a tertiary university hospital and the level of understanding of these puerperal women about toxoplasmosis, vertical transmission, and its prophylaxis.

    Methods

    For this cross-sectional study, we evaluated 225 patients using presential interviews, prenatal documentation, and electronic medical records. Data were stored using Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) software. Prevalence rates were estimated by the presence of reactive IgG antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii. Data analysis was performed using the chi-square test and calculation of the odds ratio (OR). Seroreactivity to T. gondii and exposure variables (age, educational level, and parity) were analyzed using a confidence interval (95%CI) and a significance level of 5% (p < 0.05).

    Results

    The seropositivity rate for T. gondii was 40%. There was no association between seroprevalence and age. Primiparity was a protective factor against seropositivity and low education was a risk factor.

    Conclusion

    Knowledge of T. gondii infection and its transmission forms was significantly limited, presenting a risk for acute maternal toxoplasmosis and vertical transmission of this protozoan. Increasing the education level regarding the risk of toxoplasmosis during pregnancy could reduce the rates of infection and vertical transmission of this parasite.

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    This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
    Seroprevalence of Toxoplasmosis in Puerperal Women Treated at a Tertiary Referral Hospital
  • Original Article

    Hypertensive Disorders: Prevalence, Perinatal Outcomes and Cesarean Section Rates in Pregnant Women Hospitalized for Delivery

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2020;42(11):690-696
    12-21-2020

    Summary

    Original Article

    Hypertensive Disorders: Prevalence, Perinatal Outcomes and Cesarean Section Rates in Pregnant Women Hospitalized for Delivery

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2020;42(11):690-696
    12-21-2020

    DOI 10.1055/s-0040-1714134

    Views144

    Abstract

    Objective:

    To evaluate the prevalence of hypertensive disorders, perinatal outcomes (preterm infants, low birthweight infants and Apgar score < 7 at the 5th minute and fetal deaths) and the cesarean rates in pregnant women hospitalized for delivery at the Maternidade Hilda Brandão da Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, from March 1, 2008 to February 28, 2018.

    Methods:

    A case-control study was performed, and the groups selected for comparison were those of pregnant women with and without hypertensive disorders. Out of the 36,724 women, 4,464 were diagnosed with hypertensive disorders and 32,260 did not present hypertensive disorders

    Results:

    The prevalence of hypertensive disorders was 12.16%; the perinatal outcomes and cesarean rates between the 2 groups with and without hypertensive disorders were: preterm infants (21.70% versus 9.66%, odds ratio [OR] 2.59, 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.40-2.80, p < 0.001); low birthweight infants (24.48% versus 10.56%; OR 2.75; 95% CI, 2.55-2.96; p < 0.001); Apgar score < 7 at the 5th minute (1.40% versus 1.10%; OR 1.27; 95% CI, 0.97-1.67; p = 0.84); dead fetuses diagnosed prior to delivery (1.90% versus 0.91%; OR 2.12; 95% CI, 1.67-2.70; p < 0.001); cesarean rates (60.22% versus 31.21%; OR 3.34; 95% CI, 3.14-3.55; p < 0.001).

    Conclusion:

    Hypertensive disorders are associated with higher rates of cesarean deliveries and higher risk of preterm infants, low birthweight infants and a higher risk of fetal deaths.

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    This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
  • Original Article

    Gestational Diabetes in the Population Served by Brazilian Public Health Care. Prevalence and Risk Factors

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2020;42(1):12-18
    03-27-2020

    Summary

    Original Article

    Gestational Diabetes in the Population Served by Brazilian Public Health Care. Prevalence and Risk Factors

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2020;42(1):12-18
    03-27-2020

    DOI 10.1055/s-0039-1700797

    Views273

    Abstract

    Objective

    To assess the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus and the main associated risk factors in the population served by the Brazilian Unified Health System in the city of Caxias do Sul, state of Rio Grande do Sul.

    Materials and Methods

    A descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study was conducted. Maternal variables were collected from the medical records of all pregnant women treated at the basic health units in 2016. Hyperglycemia during pregnancy (pregestational diabetes, overt diabetes and gestational diabetes mellitus) was identified by analyzing the results of a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test, as recommended by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. Based on the data, the women were allocated into two groups: the gestational diabetes group and the no gestational diabetes group.

    Results

    The estimated prevalence of gestational diabetes among 2,313 pregnant women was of 5.4% (95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 4.56-6.45). Pregnant women with 3 or more pregnancies had twice the odds of having gestational diabetes compared with primiparous women (odds ratio [OR]=2.19; 95%CI: 1.42-3.37; p<0.001). Pregnant women aged 35 years or older had three times the odds of having gestational diabetes when compared with younger women (OR=3.01; 95%CI: 1.97-4.61; p<0.001). Overweight pregnant women were 84% more likely to develop gestational diabetes than those with a body mass index lower than 25 kg/m2 (OR =1.84; 95%CI: 1.25-2.71; p=0.002). A multivariable regression analysis showed that being overweight and being 35 years old or older were independent variables.

    Conclusion

    In this population, the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus was of 5.4%. Age and being overweight were predictive factors for gestational diabetes.

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    This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
  • Original Article

    Prevalence of Sexual Dysfunctions and their Associated Factors in Pregnant Women in an Outpatient Prenatal Care Clinic

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2019;41(9):555-563
    09-30-2019

    Summary

    Original Article

    Prevalence of Sexual Dysfunctions and their Associated Factors in Pregnant Women in an Outpatient Prenatal Care Clinic

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2019;41(9):555-563
    09-30-2019

    DOI 10.1055/s-0039-1695021

    Views171

    Abstract

    Objective

    To determine the prevalence of sexual dysfunction and its associated factors in pregnant women.

    Methods

    A descriptive, cross-sectional study including 262 pregnant women aged 18 years or older with gestational age between 10 and 35 weeks. Women with urinary tract infections and conditions of gestational risk were excluded. The Pregnancy Sexual Response Inventory (PSRI) questionnaire was used. We performed a univariate descriptive analysis, and comparisons between the mean values of the sexual function domains were made using the Student t-test. The chi-squared test was used to determine the association between the independent and dependent variables. The prevalence ratios, with their respective 95% confidence intervals, were also estimated, and a multivariate analysis was performed.

    Results

    A total of 64.9% of women reported a decrease in the frequency of sexual activity during pregnancy. Slightly more than half of the women (50.8%) were satisfied, and arousal was reported as excellent/good by 30.5% of them. The frequency of sexual difficulties/dysfunctions increased with pregnancy, rising from 5.7% to 58.8%, and pain during sexual intercourse was reported by 45.8% of them. Having higher education degree decreased the chance of being sexually dissatisfied by 50%. The total PSRI score showed a significant decrease from the prepregnancy period (mean score = 89.8, “excellent”) to the pregnancy period (mean score = 59.2, “good”).

    Conclusion

    The mean sexual function score during pregnancy was classified as good, although most pregnant women reported at least one type of alteration in the sexual function domains, and the report of dissatisfaction was more frequent in women with lower schooling.

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    This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
    Prevalence of Sexual Dysfunctions and their Associated Factors in Pregnant Women in an Outpatient Prenatal Care Clinic
  • Original Article

    Postpartum Depression: Epidemiological Clinical Profile of Patients Attended In a Reference Public Maternity in Salvador-BA

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2019;41(3):155-163
    05-16-2019

    Summary

    Original Article

    Postpartum Depression: Epidemiological Clinical Profile of Patients Attended In a Reference Public Maternity in Salvador-BA

    Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2019;41(3):155-163
    05-16-2019

    DOI 10.1055/s-0038-1676861

    Views159

    Abstract

    Objective

    To evaluate the clinical epidemiological state of women with suspected post partum depression (PPD) in a public maternity hospital in Salvador, state of Bahia, Brazil.

    Methods

    A cross-sectional research was performed with puerperal patients attended at a public maternity hospital in Salvador, Bahia. Data collection was performed from June to September 2017. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale was used as a screening instrument, and, subsequently, women with positive scores answered a questionnaire to identify their clinical and epidemiological status.

    Results

    Out of 151 postpartum women from the research, 30 (19.8%) presented suspicion of PPD. There was a prevalence of single mothers 13 (43.3%), women with complete fundamental education 15 (50.0%), women with black skin color 14 (46.7%), and those with a monthly family income of up to one minimum wage 18 (40.0%).

    Conclusion

    Although PPD is an underdiagnosed disease, a high prevalence of the condition was found in our research. It is, then, considered that these results reinforce its significance as a public health problem, requiring prevention strategies, early diagnosis and effective treatment.

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    This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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