Pregnancy trimester Archives - Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2014;36(3):113-117
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032014000300004
To investigate the prevalence of chromosomal abnormalities in couples with two or more recurrent first trimester miscarriages of unknown cause.
The study was conducted on 151 women and 94 partners who had an obstetrical history of two or more consecutive first trimester abortions (1-12 weeks of gestation). The controls were 100 healthy women without a history of pregnancy loss. Chromosomal analysis was performed on peripheral blood lymphocytes cultured for 72 hours, using Trypsin-Giemsa (GTG) banding. In all cases, at least 30 metaphases were analyzed and 2 karyotypes were prepared, using light microscopy. The statistical analysis was performed using the Student t-test for normally distributed data and the Mann-Whitney test for non-parametric data. The Kruskal-Wallis test or Analysis of Variance was used to compare the mean values between three or more groups. The software used was Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 17.0.
The frequency of chromosomal abnormalities in women with recurrent miscarriages was 7.3%, including 4.7% with X-chromosome mosaicism, 2% with reciprocal translocations and 0.6% with Robertsonian translocations. A total of 2.1% of the partners of women with recurrent miscarriages had chromosomal abnormalities, including 1% with X-chromosome mosaicism and 1% with inversions. Among the controls, 1% had mosaicism.
An association between chromosomal abnormalities and recurrent miscarriage in the first trimester of pregnancy (OR=7.7; 95%CI 1.2--170.5) was observed in the present study. Etiologic identification of genetic factors represents important clinical information for genetic counseling and orientation of the couple about the risk for future pregnancies and decreases the number of investigations needed to elucidate the possible causes of miscarriages.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2014;36(3):113-117
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032014000300004
To investigate the prevalence of chromosomal abnormalities in couples with two or more recurrent first trimester miscarriages of unknown cause.
The study was conducted on 151 women and 94 partners who had an obstetrical history of two or more consecutive first trimester abortions (1-12 weeks of gestation). The controls were 100 healthy women without a history of pregnancy loss. Chromosomal analysis was performed on peripheral blood lymphocytes cultured for 72 hours, using Trypsin-Giemsa (GTG) banding. In all cases, at least 30 metaphases were analyzed and 2 karyotypes were prepared, using light microscopy. The statistical analysis was performed using the Student t-test for normally distributed data and the Mann-Whitney test for non-parametric data. The Kruskal-Wallis test or Analysis of Variance was used to compare the mean values between three or more groups. The software used was Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 17.0.
The frequency of chromosomal abnormalities in women with recurrent miscarriages was 7.3%, including 4.7% with X-chromosome mosaicism, 2% with reciprocal translocations and 0.6% with Robertsonian translocations. A total of 2.1% of the partners of women with recurrent miscarriages had chromosomal abnormalities, including 1% with X-chromosome mosaicism and 1% with inversions. Among the controls, 1% had mosaicism.
An association between chromosomal abnormalities and recurrent miscarriage in the first trimester of pregnancy (OR=7.7; 95%CI 1.2--170.5) was observed in the present study. Etiologic identification of genetic factors represents important clinical information for genetic counseling and orientation of the couple about the risk for future pregnancies and decreases the number of investigations needed to elucidate the possible causes of miscarriages.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2013;35(11):511-515
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032013001100006
PURPOSE: To evaluate the incidence of maternal and fetal repercussions and glycemic control in women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) using a fasting glucose of 85 mg/dL in the first trimester as a cut-off point and to correlate it with risk factors. METHODS: The medical records of pregnant women followed in the outpatient antenatal high-risk service (PNAR) of HRAN from January 2011 to March 2012 were reviewed and those women diagnosed with GDM were selected for contact and for prenatal card verification. We collected data of age, parity, fasting glucose during the first quarter, the value of the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT), Body Mass Index (BMI), mode of delivery, form of control, effects and fetal risk factors for GDM. Statistical analysis was performed using the PSPP 0.6.2 software and consisted of descriptive analysis of frequencies, χ2 test for categorical variables, Student's t-test for independent samples, and Pearson test for correlations, with the level of significance set at 5%. RESULTS: From 408 pregnant women enrolled, 105 were diagnosed with GDM and 71 had complete records or answered to the contact in order to provide the missing information. The GDM-fasting <85 (fasting glucose <85 mg/dL at the first prenatal visit, in the first trimester) group consisted of 29 (40.8%) women and the GDM-fasting >85 (fasting glucose >85 mg/dL at the first prenatal visit, in the first trimester) consisted of 42 (59.1%) women. It was observed that few patients (five in the GDM-fasting <85 group and three in the GDM-fasting >85 group) had no risk factors for GDM. There was a major need for control with insulin in patients of the GDM-fasting >85 group. There was no significant difference related to fetal impact or mode of delivery between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: The first trimester fasting glycemia, with a cut-off value of 85 mg/dL alone or associated with risk factors, does not seem to be a good single predictor of the maternal-fetal effects of GDM.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2013;35(11):511-515
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032013001100006
PURPOSE: To evaluate the incidence of maternal and fetal repercussions and glycemic control in women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) using a fasting glucose of 85 mg/dL in the first trimester as a cut-off point and to correlate it with risk factors. METHODS: The medical records of pregnant women followed in the outpatient antenatal high-risk service (PNAR) of HRAN from January 2011 to March 2012 were reviewed and those women diagnosed with GDM were selected for contact and for prenatal card verification. We collected data of age, parity, fasting glucose during the first quarter, the value of the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT), Body Mass Index (BMI), mode of delivery, form of control, effects and fetal risk factors for GDM. Statistical analysis was performed using the PSPP 0.6.2 software and consisted of descriptive analysis of frequencies, χ2 test for categorical variables, Student's t-test for independent samples, and Pearson test for correlations, with the level of significance set at 5%. RESULTS: From 408 pregnant women enrolled, 105 were diagnosed with GDM and 71 had complete records or answered to the contact in order to provide the missing information. The GDM-fasting <85 (fasting glucose <85 mg/dL at the first prenatal visit, in the first trimester) group consisted of 29 (40.8%) women and the GDM-fasting >85 (fasting glucose >85 mg/dL at the first prenatal visit, in the first trimester) consisted of 42 (59.1%) women. It was observed that few patients (five in the GDM-fasting <85 group and three in the GDM-fasting >85 group) had no risk factors for GDM. There was a major need for control with insulin in patients of the GDM-fasting >85 group. There was no significant difference related to fetal impact or mode of delivery between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: The first trimester fasting glycemia, with a cut-off value of 85 mg/dL alone or associated with risk factors, does not seem to be a good single predictor of the maternal-fetal effects of GDM.
