Postmenopausal bleeding Archives - Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia

PURPOSE: to determine the association between ultrasonographic, hysteroscopic and histopathologic findings in women with postmenopausal uterine bleeding. METHODS: a retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted enrolling 156 women with postmenopausal bleeding attended at the Diagnostic Center - IMIP during the period of January 1995 to December 2001. According to the results of the endometrial examination (ultrasound), the patients were classified as having an abnormal or normal finding depending on the cutoffs of 4 or 5 mm. The most common histologic and hysteroscopic findings were studied and classified as premalignant/malignant lesions (hyperplasia/endometrial cancer) or benign findings. These results were compared using the kappa index, to establish the agreement between these techniques. RESULTS: the frequency of endometrial thickening was 75.0 and 67.3% according to cutoffs of 4 mm and 5 mm, respectively. Hysteroscopic findings were atrophic endometrium in 59 (37.8%), endometrial polyp in 56 (35.9%), endometrial hyperplasia in 17 (10.9%), cancer in 16 (10.3%), still active endometrium in 1 (3,2), and other findings in 3 (1.9%). The two most frequent histopathologic findings were also atrophic endometrium (31.4%) and endometrial polyps (26,.3%), followed by scanty material (16.0%), endometrial cancer (10.9%), endometrial hyperplastic changes (9.0%), and others (6.4%). A good agreement between hysteroscopic and histopathologic findings was observed (kappa = 0.61). CONCLUSIONS: the frequency of endometrial thickening was 75.0 and 67.3% according to cutoffs of 4 mm and 5 mm, respectively. No premalignant or malignant lesions were missed when an endometrial cutoff of 4 mm was used. The most frequent hysteroscopic and histopathologic findings were atrophic endometrium and endometrial polyps and a good agreement between these findings was encountered.