Periodontal diseases Archives - Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2012;34(12):563-567
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032012001200006
PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between periodontitis and osteoporosis, using a case-control study about periodontal status of postmenopausal women. METHODS: A total of 99 postmenopausal women were divided into three groups: normal bone (Gn, n=45), osteopenia (Gpenia, n=31) and osteoporosis (Gporosis, n=23). The categorization of bone mass was measured by dual energy absorptiometry with X-rays in the lumbar spine (L2 - L4), by assessing bone mineral density. Clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival bleeding index (GI), plaque index (PI), and probing depth (PD) were determined in all participants by a single examiner. The data were submitted to BioEstat 2.0 software through parametric analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Bonferroni test, with the level of significance set at 5%. RESULTS: Women with osteoporosis presented the highest percentage of periodontal disease, with higher average CAL (2.6±0.4 mm) and PD (2.8±0.6 mm), GI (72.8±25.9 mm) and PI (72.9±24.2 mm). Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference in periodontal situation between Gn and Gporosis (p=0,01) and between Gpenia and Gporosis (p=0,03). CONCLUSION: Osteoporosis may have an influence on periodontal condition, based on the relation between periodontitis and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2012;34(12):563-567
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032012001200006
PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between periodontitis and osteoporosis, using a case-control study about periodontal status of postmenopausal women. METHODS: A total of 99 postmenopausal women were divided into three groups: normal bone (Gn, n=45), osteopenia (Gpenia, n=31) and osteoporosis (Gporosis, n=23). The categorization of bone mass was measured by dual energy absorptiometry with X-rays in the lumbar spine (L2 - L4), by assessing bone mineral density. Clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival bleeding index (GI), plaque index (PI), and probing depth (PD) were determined in all participants by a single examiner. The data were submitted to BioEstat 2.0 software through parametric analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Bonferroni test, with the level of significance set at 5%. RESULTS: Women with osteoporosis presented the highest percentage of periodontal disease, with higher average CAL (2.6±0.4 mm) and PD (2.8±0.6 mm), GI (72.8±25.9 mm) and PI (72.9±24.2 mm). Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference in periodontal situation between Gn and Gporosis (p=0,01) and between Gpenia and Gporosis (p=0,03). CONCLUSION: Osteoporosis may have an influence on periodontal condition, based on the relation between periodontitis and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(8):379-383
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032008000800002
PURPOSE: to verify the association of osteoporosis with periodontal disease. METHODS: the study has included 39 postmenopausal women divided in three groups according to bone mass categories, through evaluation of mineral bone density (MBD), measured by X-ray double emission absorbimetry in the lumbar area (L1-L4): ): normal bone; osteopenia and osteoporosis. In all the participants the Clinical Insertion Level (CIL) index has been determined at the research onset and after one year, by the same examiner. The periodontal situation data have been submitted to statistical analysis with the paired t-Student test. RESULTS: the periodontal exam has shown that postmenopausal women in the osteopenia presented lower CIL at the initial periodontal clinical exam (2.1±1.1 mm), while the ones in the normal bone showed less teeth support tissue loss after one year (3.1±1.6 mm). The statistical analysis has shown that there was no significant difference for the periodontal situation in the normal bone, but there was significant statistical difference for the osteopenia and osteoporosis patients, when CIL values from both evaluation periods were compared. CONCLUSIONS: it is concluded that postmenopausal osteoporosis may be a possible risk factor for periodontal disease.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(8):379-383
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032008000800002
PURPOSE: to verify the association of osteoporosis with periodontal disease. METHODS: the study has included 39 postmenopausal women divided in three groups according to bone mass categories, through evaluation of mineral bone density (MBD), measured by X-ray double emission absorbimetry in the lumbar area (L1-L4): ): normal bone; osteopenia and osteoporosis. In all the participants the Clinical Insertion Level (CIL) index has been determined at the research onset and after one year, by the same examiner. The periodontal situation data have been submitted to statistical analysis with the paired t-Student test. RESULTS: the periodontal exam has shown that postmenopausal women in the osteopenia presented lower CIL at the initial periodontal clinical exam (2.1±1.1 mm), while the ones in the normal bone showed less teeth support tissue loss after one year (3.1±1.6 mm). The statistical analysis has shown that there was no significant difference for the periodontal situation in the normal bone, but there was significant statistical difference for the osteopenia and osteoporosis patients, when CIL values from both evaluation periods were compared. CONCLUSIONS: it is concluded that postmenopausal osteoporosis may be a possible risk factor for periodontal disease.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2007;29(7):370-375
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032007000700008
Studies have shown possible risk relations among oral illnesses, mainly periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as prematurity, low birth weight and preeclampsia. The explanation for this hypothesis is based on the fact that periodontal disease is an infectious state, which may increase maternal serum cytokines through the release of such agents directly from the periodontal pocket or by through the dissemination of pathogenic bacteria, inducing systemic production. This assumption is based on the knowledge that the physiopathology of the pregnancy complications cited above is associated with the presence of some cytokines in the maternal serum. The present study work has the objective to review literature in search of evidence to these alleged associations. Although a number of clinical studies have been found in this review, we noticed a lack of methodological standards, what limits the conclusions about this topic. On the other side, the fact that periodontal disease is not yet a confirmed risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes does not reduce the importance of oral health maintenance during pregnancy, since it is important to allow adequate feeding without pain and bleeding in order to maintain an adequate nutritional supply.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2007;29(7):370-375
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032007000700008
Studies have shown possible risk relations among oral illnesses, mainly periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as prematurity, low birth weight and preeclampsia. The explanation for this hypothesis is based on the fact that periodontal disease is an infectious state, which may increase maternal serum cytokines through the release of such agents directly from the periodontal pocket or by through the dissemination of pathogenic bacteria, inducing systemic production. This assumption is based on the knowledge that the physiopathology of the pregnancy complications cited above is associated with the presence of some cytokines in the maternal serum. The present study work has the objective to review literature in search of evidence to these alleged associations. Although a number of clinical studies have been found in this review, we noticed a lack of methodological standards, what limits the conclusions about this topic. On the other side, the fact that periodontal disease is not yet a confirmed risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes does not reduce the importance of oral health maintenance during pregnancy, since it is important to allow adequate feeding without pain and bleeding in order to maintain an adequate nutritional supply.