Colostrum Archives - Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2012;34(8):362-368
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032012000800004
PURPOSE: To determine the nutritional status of vitamin E in breastfeeding women through the analysis of alpha-tocopherol concentration in serum and colostrum, to analyze its relation with maternal variables and to determine the prevalence of vitamin E deficiency in these women. METHODS: The study included 103 mothers who were classified according to maternal variables: age, nutritional status before pregnancy, gestational weight gain, parity and mode of delivery. Colostrum and serum samples were collected under fasting conditions in the immediate postpartum period. Alpha-tocopherol was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). A serum cutoff of 697.7 μg/dL was adopted to define the nutritional status of vitamin E. Statistical analysis was performed with the Student's t test for independent samples and Pearson's correlation. Differences were significant when p<0.05. RESULTS: The average concentration of alpha-tocopherol was 1.125±551.0 μg/dL in colostrum and 1,138.6±346.0 μg/dL in serum, indicating adequate biochemical nutritional status. However, when analyzing the mothers individually, a 16% rate of subclinical vitamin E deficiency was detected. Women undergoing cesarean delivery had significantly higher alpha-tocopherol levels in colostrum (1.280±591 μg/dL) compared with those undergoing normal delivery (961.7±370 μg/dL) (p<0.05). It was found that mothers who were overweight before pregnancy had higher vitamin concentration in colostrum (1,331.5±548 μg/dL) when compared to underweight women (982.1±374 μg/dL) or women of normal weight (992.3±346 μg/dL) (p<0.05). However, the other variables were not associated with alpha-tocopherol in colostrum. Moreover, no variable showed association with vitamin E levels in maternal serum and no correlation was demonstrated between the alpha-tocopherol levels in serum and in milk. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the diagnosis of satisfactory nutritional status, breastfeeding women showed significant risk of subclinical vitamin E deficiency. We suggest that the concentration of alpha-tocopherol in colostrum be associated with type of delivery and pre-gestational nutritional status of women.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2012;34(8):362-368
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032012000800004
PURPOSE: To determine the nutritional status of vitamin E in breastfeeding women through the analysis of alpha-tocopherol concentration in serum and colostrum, to analyze its relation with maternal variables and to determine the prevalence of vitamin E deficiency in these women. METHODS: The study included 103 mothers who were classified according to maternal variables: age, nutritional status before pregnancy, gestational weight gain, parity and mode of delivery. Colostrum and serum samples were collected under fasting conditions in the immediate postpartum period. Alpha-tocopherol was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). A serum cutoff of 697.7 μg/dL was adopted to define the nutritional status of vitamin E. Statistical analysis was performed with the Student's t test for independent samples and Pearson's correlation. Differences were significant when p<0.05. RESULTS: The average concentration of alpha-tocopherol was 1.125±551.0 μg/dL in colostrum and 1,138.6±346.0 μg/dL in serum, indicating adequate biochemical nutritional status. However, when analyzing the mothers individually, a 16% rate of subclinical vitamin E deficiency was detected. Women undergoing cesarean delivery had significantly higher alpha-tocopherol levels in colostrum (1.280±591 μg/dL) compared with those undergoing normal delivery (961.7±370 μg/dL) (p<0.05). It was found that mothers who were overweight before pregnancy had higher vitamin concentration in colostrum (1,331.5±548 μg/dL) when compared to underweight women (982.1±374 μg/dL) or women of normal weight (992.3±346 μg/dL) (p<0.05). However, the other variables were not associated with alpha-tocopherol in colostrum. Moreover, no variable showed association with vitamin E levels in maternal serum and no correlation was demonstrated between the alpha-tocopherol levels in serum and in milk. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the diagnosis of satisfactory nutritional status, breastfeeding women showed significant risk of subclinical vitamin E deficiency. We suggest that the concentration of alpha-tocopherol in colostrum be associated with type of delivery and pre-gestational nutritional status of women.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2010;32(7):340-345
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032010000700006
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2010;32(7):340-345
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032010000700006
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2010;32(6):267-272
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032010000600003
PURPOSE: to assess the alpha-tocopherol concentration in the serum and colostrum of adolescent and adult mothers and to determine the nutritional adequacy of vitamin E in the colostrum offered to infants. METHODS: in total, 72 pregnant women participated in the study, 25 adolescents and 47 adults. An amount of 5 mL of blood and 2 mL of colostrum were collected under fasting conditions for the analysis of alpha-tocopherol levels. The samples were analyzed by means of high performance liquid chromatography. Nutritional adequacy of colostrum for vitamin E was calculated as the product of the estimated volume of milk intake by the concentration of alpha-tocopherol in colostrum and by direct comparison of this product with the reference value for nutrient intake (4 mg/day). RESULTS: the levels of alpha-tocopherol in the serum of adolescents and adults were 30.8±9.8 and 34.1±9.5 µmol/L (mean±SD), respectively, and in colostrum, the adolescents showed a concentration of 32.9±15.8 µmol/L and the adults, a concentration of 30.4±18.0 µmol/L. No significant difference was found between concentrations of alpha-tocopherol in serum or in colostrum between adolescents and adults. CONCLUSIONS: Both adolescents and adult women had a satisfactory vitamin E nutritional status reflected in the colostrum, whose values were able to meet the nutritional requirements of infants, suggesting that the maternal age does not influence the levels of alpha-tocopherol in human colostrum.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2010;32(6):267-272
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032010000600003
PURPOSE: to assess the alpha-tocopherol concentration in the serum and colostrum of adolescent and adult mothers and to determine the nutritional adequacy of vitamin E in the colostrum offered to infants. METHODS: in total, 72 pregnant women participated in the study, 25 adolescents and 47 adults. An amount of 5 mL of blood and 2 mL of colostrum were collected under fasting conditions for the analysis of alpha-tocopherol levels. The samples were analyzed by means of high performance liquid chromatography. Nutritional adequacy of colostrum for vitamin E was calculated as the product of the estimated volume of milk intake by the concentration of alpha-tocopherol in colostrum and by direct comparison of this product with the reference value for nutrient intake (4 mg/day). RESULTS: the levels of alpha-tocopherol in the serum of adolescents and adults were 30.8±9.8 and 34.1±9.5 µmol/L (mean±SD), respectively, and in colostrum, the adolescents showed a concentration of 32.9±15.8 µmol/L and the adults, a concentration of 30.4±18.0 µmol/L. No significant difference was found between concentrations of alpha-tocopherol in serum or in colostrum between adolescents and adults. CONCLUSIONS: Both adolescents and adult women had a satisfactory vitamin E nutritional status reflected in the colostrum, whose values were able to meet the nutritional requirements of infants, suggesting that the maternal age does not influence the levels of alpha-tocopherol in human colostrum.
