Cervicovaginal smear Archives - Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2003;25(9):661-666
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032003000900007
PURPOSE: to present the most frequent gynecologic results in a cohort of 300 outpatient HIV-infected women. METHODS: this is a prospective and descriptive study of HIV-infected women that have been followed up at the gynecological clinic from November 1996 to December 2002. These patients were subjected to a specific protocol which included an interview, a gynecological evaluation and a collecting cervical sample for Pap smear, research of HPV (PCR) and colposcopy. Cervical biopsy was performed when necessary. Data were stored and analyzed by Epi-Info, version 6.0. RESULTS: the mean age was 34.5 years. The small number of sexual partners, average of three partners, and the predominance of heterosexual contagion should be mentioned: 271 (90.6%) patients were contaminated through sexual contact with their partners. There was a high prevalence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) representing 21.7% of the total group. Of 109 patients subjected to PCR, 89 (81.7%) were found to have some HPV genotype. An inflammatory smear was present in 69% of the patients. CONCLUSIONS: there is a high frequency of CIN and genital infectious diseases among HIV-infected women, mainly HPV.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2003;25(9):661-666
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032003000900007
PURPOSE: to present the most frequent gynecologic results in a cohort of 300 outpatient HIV-infected women. METHODS: this is a prospective and descriptive study of HIV-infected women that have been followed up at the gynecological clinic from November 1996 to December 2002. These patients were subjected to a specific protocol which included an interview, a gynecological evaluation and a collecting cervical sample for Pap smear, research of HPV (PCR) and colposcopy. Cervical biopsy was performed when necessary. Data were stored and analyzed by Epi-Info, version 6.0. RESULTS: the mean age was 34.5 years. The small number of sexual partners, average of three partners, and the predominance of heterosexual contagion should be mentioned: 271 (90.6%) patients were contaminated through sexual contact with their partners. There was a high prevalence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) representing 21.7% of the total group. Of 109 patients subjected to PCR, 89 (81.7%) were found to have some HPV genotype. An inflammatory smear was present in 69% of the patients. CONCLUSIONS: there is a high frequency of CIN and genital infectious diseases among HIV-infected women, mainly HPV.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2001;23(6):377-382
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032001000600006
Purpose: to evaluate a group of pregnant women with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, analyzing age, gestational age, number of gestations and cytological findings. Methods: in the period from July 1993 to December 1998, 245 pregnant patients seen in our service presented cytological alterations compatible with HPV infection, associated or not with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 1. Clinical data were related to age, gestational period (first or second half), number of gestations and cytological finding of Trichomonas vaginalis, Candida sp and clue cells. The control group consisted of 386 pregnant patients seen during the same period and without cytological signs of HPV infection. In the statistical analysis, chi² (chi-square) test was used with Yates correction and a significance level lower than 0.05. Results: HPV infection was more frequent among pregnant women younger than 20 years old (45.3% versus 28.2%, p<0.001). The most frequent cytological finding, among the pregnant women with HPV infection, was the presence of clue cells, compared to the controls (21.6% versus 12.4%, p<0.02). Clue cells were more frequent in pregnant women with HPV infection in the second half of gestation and older than 20 years (27% versus 12.2%, p<0,01). The difference regarding number of gestations was not significant. Conclusion: HPV infection was more frequent among pregnant women younger than 20 years old. Clue cells and HPV were the most frequent cytological findings in pregnant women older than 20 years and in the second half of gestation.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2001;23(6):377-382
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032001000600006
Purpose: to evaluate a group of pregnant women with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, analyzing age, gestational age, number of gestations and cytological findings. Methods: in the period from July 1993 to December 1998, 245 pregnant patients seen in our service presented cytological alterations compatible with HPV infection, associated or not with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 1. Clinical data were related to age, gestational period (first or second half), number of gestations and cytological finding of Trichomonas vaginalis, Candida sp and clue cells. The control group consisted of 386 pregnant patients seen during the same period and without cytological signs of HPV infection. In the statistical analysis, chi² (chi-square) test was used with Yates correction and a significance level lower than 0.05. Results: HPV infection was more frequent among pregnant women younger than 20 years old (45.3% versus 28.2%, p<0.001). The most frequent cytological finding, among the pregnant women with HPV infection, was the presence of clue cells, compared to the controls (21.6% versus 12.4%, p<0.02). Clue cells were more frequent in pregnant women with HPV infection in the second half of gestation and older than 20 years (27% versus 12.2%, p<0,01). The difference regarding number of gestations was not significant. Conclusion: HPV infection was more frequent among pregnant women younger than 20 years old. Clue cells and HPV were the most frequent cytological findings in pregnant women older than 20 years and in the second half of gestation.