Candida albicans Archives - Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia
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Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2022;44(2):169-177
, , , , , To evaluate genital hygiene among women with and without bacterial vaginosis (BV) and/or vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC).
A cross-sectional study of reproductive-aged women who underwent gynecological and laboratory tests and fulfilled a genital hygiene questionnaire.
This study evaluated 166 healthy controls and 141 women diagnosed with either BV (n=72), VVC (n=61), or both (n=8). The use of intimate soap and moist wipes after urination was more frequent among healthy women (p=0.042 and 0.032, respectively). Compared to controls, bactericidal soap was more used by women with BV (p=0.05).
Some hygiene habits were associated to BV and/or VVC. Clinical trials should address this important issue in women’s health.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2022;44(2):169-177
, , , , , To evaluate genital hygiene among women with and without bacterial vaginosis (BV) and/or vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC).
A cross-sectional study of reproductive-aged women who underwent gynecological and laboratory tests and fulfilled a genital hygiene questionnaire.
This study evaluated 166 healthy controls and 141 women diagnosed with either BV (n=72), VVC (n=61), or both (n=8). The use of intimate soap and moist wipes after urination was more frequent among healthy women (p=0.042 and 0.032, respectively). Compared to controls, bactericidal soap was more used by women with BV (p=0.05).
Some hygiene habits were associated to BV and/or VVC. Clinical trials should address this important issue in women’s health.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(6):300-305
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032008000600006
PURPOSE: to correlate the presence of yeast from the Candida genus in the oral and vaginal cavity of women with and without vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), with secretor IgA levels (IgAs) present in the saliva. METHODS: among the 51 women included, 13 presented VVC and 38 were the Control Group. An amount of 2.0 mL of saliva without stimulation was collected from each patient, plus vaginal secretion using a swab, which was then immersed in 2.0 mL of physiological solution. Samples were inseminated in Sabouraud dextrose agar with chloramphenicol for isolation and counting of colonies, and the isolated ones, phenotypically identified. IgA has been quantified in the saliva of the women from both groups, by the ELISA technique. RESULTS: in the 13 patients with clinical and mycological diagnosis of VVC, the mean of Candida colony producing unities by milliliter of vaginal secretion (cpu/mL) was 52,723, and 23.8% of the patients presented colonization in the oral mucosa with lower amount of cup/mL (6,030). The levels of IgAs in saliva were lower in the group with VVC (DO mean: 0.3), as compared to the IgA levels of the Control Group (DO mean: 0.6). Eleven patients (37%) from the Control Group presented Candida colonization in the oral cavity, with a lower cup/mL mean, when compared to the VVC Group. The Control Group also presented a lower amount of cpu/mL (1,973) in the vaginal cavity, when compared to the VVC Group (52,942). CONCLUSIONS: these results have demonstrated that patients with clinical diagnosis of vaginal candidiasis presented a higher amount of Candida both in the vaginal and in the oral cavity, and presented lower levels of anti-Candida IgA in the saliva.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(6):300-305
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032008000600006
PURPOSE: to correlate the presence of yeast from the Candida genus in the oral and vaginal cavity of women with and without vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), with secretor IgA levels (IgAs) present in the saliva. METHODS: among the 51 women included, 13 presented VVC and 38 were the Control Group. An amount of 2.0 mL of saliva without stimulation was collected from each patient, plus vaginal secretion using a swab, which was then immersed in 2.0 mL of physiological solution. Samples were inseminated in Sabouraud dextrose agar with chloramphenicol for isolation and counting of colonies, and the isolated ones, phenotypically identified. IgA has been quantified in the saliva of the women from both groups, by the ELISA technique. RESULTS: in the 13 patients with clinical and mycological diagnosis of VVC, the mean of Candida colony producing unities by milliliter of vaginal secretion (cpu/mL) was 52,723, and 23.8% of the patients presented colonization in the oral mucosa with lower amount of cup/mL (6,030). The levels of IgAs in saliva were lower in the group with VVC (DO mean: 0.3), as compared to the IgA levels of the Control Group (DO mean: 0.6). Eleven patients (37%) from the Control Group presented Candida colonization in the oral cavity, with a lower cup/mL mean, when compared to the VVC Group. The Control Group also presented a lower amount of cpu/mL (1,973) in the vaginal cavity, when compared to the VVC Group (52,942). CONCLUSIONS: these results have demonstrated that patients with clinical diagnosis of vaginal candidiasis presented a higher amount of Candida both in the vaginal and in the oral cavity, and presented lower levels of anti-Candida IgA in the saliva.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2007;29(2):80-84
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032007000200004
PURPOSE: to relate yeasts identified by laboratory tests to clinical signs and symptoms in patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis, and to investigate the importance of the sexual partners in the recurrence of the infection. METHODS: from July 2001 to July 2003, a sample of 179 patients aged from 18 to 65 years old, with clinical suspicion of fungal vaginitis were analyzed in a prospective study in Great São Paulo. Exclusion criteria included: pregnancy, impaired intrinsic or extrinsic immune response (including Aids), diabetes or immunosuppression; patients undergoing corticosteroid, antibiotic or hormone therapy, in post menopause, with intrauterine device (IUD) or making use of vaginal douches or spemicides. Samples of vaginal and penis secretions from partners of patients with relapse of vaginitis episodes were collected for microscopy and fungal culture. Fungal colonies isolated in CHROMagar Candida were identified by classical methods. Fisher's exact t-test was used to correlate the clinical picture with the yeasts isolated from patients. RESULTS: the most relevant clinical signs and symptoms were pruritus and vaginal discharge followed by erythema and edema, statistically independent from the etiological agent. Direct microscopy revealed yeasts in 77 patients with vulvovaginitis, and 40 Candida spp cultures were obtained. Candida albicans (70%), C. glabrata (20%), C. tropicalis (7,5%) and C. guilliermondii (2,5%) were identified. The yeasts prevalent in partners were C. albicans and C. glabrata. The same species were detected in female and male sex partners in 87% of the cases. CONCLUSIONS: fungal vulvovaginitis was more frequent in women between 18 and 34 years old. No correlation was observed between the species of yeast detected and clinical symptomatology. Sexual partners are important Candida spp reservoirs and may be related to the maintenance of the vulvovaginal candidiasis.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2007;29(2):80-84
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032007000200004
PURPOSE: to relate yeasts identified by laboratory tests to clinical signs and symptoms in patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis, and to investigate the importance of the sexual partners in the recurrence of the infection. METHODS: from July 2001 to July 2003, a sample of 179 patients aged from 18 to 65 years old, with clinical suspicion of fungal vaginitis were analyzed in a prospective study in Great São Paulo. Exclusion criteria included: pregnancy, impaired intrinsic or extrinsic immune response (including Aids), diabetes or immunosuppression; patients undergoing corticosteroid, antibiotic or hormone therapy, in post menopause, with intrauterine device (IUD) or making use of vaginal douches or spemicides. Samples of vaginal and penis secretions from partners of patients with relapse of vaginitis episodes were collected for microscopy and fungal culture. Fungal colonies isolated in CHROMagar Candida were identified by classical methods. Fisher's exact t-test was used to correlate the clinical picture with the yeasts isolated from patients. RESULTS: the most relevant clinical signs and symptoms were pruritus and vaginal discharge followed by erythema and edema, statistically independent from the etiological agent. Direct microscopy revealed yeasts in 77 patients with vulvovaginitis, and 40 Candida spp cultures were obtained. Candida albicans (70%), C. glabrata (20%), C. tropicalis (7,5%) and C. guilliermondii (2,5%) were identified. The yeasts prevalent in partners were C. albicans and C. glabrata. The same species were detected in female and male sex partners in 87% of the cases. CONCLUSIONS: fungal vulvovaginitis was more frequent in women between 18 and 34 years old. No correlation was observed between the species of yeast detected and clinical symptomatology. Sexual partners are important Candida spp reservoirs and may be related to the maintenance of the vulvovaginal candidiasis.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1999;21(8):441-445
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72031999000800003
SUMMARY Purpose: to estimate the prevalence of Candida sp. and the distribution of its species in the vagina of women attended at a family planning Service. Methods: a cross-sectional study evaluating prospectively 72 nonpregnant women, with or without specific complaints. Samples were checked for the presence of yeast and vaginal pH. Data obtained by gynecologic examination were also recorded. Results: yeast belonging to the genus Candida was isolated from 18 (25%) patients. The most prevalent species was C. albicans (77,8%) and therefore, 22.2% were non-albicans species. The most prevalent among the non-albicans species was C. glabrata (16.7%) followed by C. parapsilosis (5.6%). The symptoms most directly associated with Candida were itching and burning. Different from the symptoms directly associated with C. albicans infection, we observed that C. glabrata does not cause vaginal discharge. There was no positive association between predisponent factors such as age, education and contraceptive method used and the presence or absence of Candida. Conclusions: our results suggest: (i) that there is a high prevalence of Candida species among women; (ii) that non-albicans species play an important role in the vaginal medium; (iii) that itching and burning are the most common symptoms in women with Candida, and (iv) C. glabrata usually does not cause vaginal discharge. Finally, it is important to emphasize that our results are consistent with the present worldwide findings.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1999;21(8):441-445
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72031999000800003
SUMMARY Purpose: to estimate the prevalence of Candida sp. and the distribution of its species in the vagina of women attended at a family planning Service. Methods: a cross-sectional study evaluating prospectively 72 nonpregnant women, with or without specific complaints. Samples were checked for the presence of yeast and vaginal pH. Data obtained by gynecologic examination were also recorded. Results: yeast belonging to the genus Candida was isolated from 18 (25%) patients. The most prevalent species was C. albicans (77,8%) and therefore, 22.2% were non-albicans species. The most prevalent among the non-albicans species was C. glabrata (16.7%) followed by C. parapsilosis (5.6%). The symptoms most directly associated with Candida were itching and burning. Different from the symptoms directly associated with C. albicans infection, we observed that C. glabrata does not cause vaginal discharge. There was no positive association between predisponent factors such as age, education and contraceptive method used and the presence or absence of Candida. Conclusions: our results suggest: (i) that there is a high prevalence of Candida species among women; (ii) that non-albicans species play an important role in the vaginal medium; (iii) that itching and burning are the most common symptoms in women with Candida, and (iv) C. glabrata usually does not cause vaginal discharge. Finally, it is important to emphasize that our results are consistent with the present worldwide findings.
