Breast neoplasms Archives - Page 2 of 11 - Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(12):602-608
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032008001200003
PURPOSE: to evaluate the agreement between histopathologic diagnoses of breast lesions made by general pathologists and by a specialist in breast pathology. METHODS: a cohort retrospective study comparing histopathologic diagnoses of 329 cases of breast lesions received in consultation for a second opinion was carried out. The material received for consultation included slides (152 cases), paraffin blocks (59 cases) or slides and blocks (118 cases). Cases were reviewed and the original diagnoses and diagnoses from a specialist in breast pathology were compared. The main diagnoses, nuclear grade of ductal carcinoma in situ, and the histopathologic grade of invasive mammary carcinomas were evaluated. The kappa index and percentual concordance were used in the statistical analyses. RESULTS: a moderate agreement was observed between the original histopathologic diagnoses and the second opinion (kappa index=0.48; percentual concordance=59.9%). The diagnosis of malignancy was confirmed in 185/225 cases (82.2%) and diagnosis of benign lesions was confirmed in 89/104 cases (85.6%). The highest agreement was observed in the diagnosis of invasive mammary carcinomas (81%) and the highest disagreement was observed among diagnoses of ductal carcinoma in situ with microinvasion (74%), lobular carcinoma in situ (70%), and atypical epithelial hyperplasias (61%). There was a moderate agreement in the nuclear grade of ductal carcinoma in situ (kappa index=0.52; percentual concordance=68.8%), and good concordance in the histologic grade of invasive carcinomas (kappa index=0.61; percentual concordance=74.3). CONCLUSIONS: the results show higher concordance rate in the diagnosis of invasive carcinomas and lower concordance in the diagnosis of ductal carcinoma in situ with microinvasion and premalignant breast lesions, especially lobular neoplasia in situ, and atypical epithelial hyperplasias.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(12):602-608
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032008001200003
PURPOSE: to evaluate the agreement between histopathologic diagnoses of breast lesions made by general pathologists and by a specialist in breast pathology. METHODS: a cohort retrospective study comparing histopathologic diagnoses of 329 cases of breast lesions received in consultation for a second opinion was carried out. The material received for consultation included slides (152 cases), paraffin blocks (59 cases) or slides and blocks (118 cases). Cases were reviewed and the original diagnoses and diagnoses from a specialist in breast pathology were compared. The main diagnoses, nuclear grade of ductal carcinoma in situ, and the histopathologic grade of invasive mammary carcinomas were evaluated. The kappa index and percentual concordance were used in the statistical analyses. RESULTS: a moderate agreement was observed between the original histopathologic diagnoses and the second opinion (kappa index=0.48; percentual concordance=59.9%). The diagnosis of malignancy was confirmed in 185/225 cases (82.2%) and diagnosis of benign lesions was confirmed in 89/104 cases (85.6%). The highest agreement was observed in the diagnosis of invasive mammary carcinomas (81%) and the highest disagreement was observed among diagnoses of ductal carcinoma in situ with microinvasion (74%), lobular carcinoma in situ (70%), and atypical epithelial hyperplasias (61%). There was a moderate agreement in the nuclear grade of ductal carcinoma in situ (kappa index=0.52; percentual concordance=68.8%), and good concordance in the histologic grade of invasive carcinomas (kappa index=0.61; percentual concordance=74.3). CONCLUSIONS: the results show higher concordance rate in the diagnosis of invasive carcinomas and lower concordance in the diagnosis of ductal carcinoma in situ with microinvasion and premalignant breast lesions, especially lobular neoplasia in situ, and atypical epithelial hyperplasias.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(9):432-436
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032008000900002
PURPOSE: sentinel lymph node biopsy in early-stage breast cancer patients has been substituting the total axillary lymph node is presented dissection. The technique of processing the sentinel lymph node and the aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of occult metastasis identification based on the standard histological and immunohistochemical examination. METHODS: between 2002 and 2005, 266 sentinel lymph nodes were harvested from axillary biopsy of 170 patients with early stage breast cancer. All lymph nodes were considered to be negative according to standard intra-operative cytological assessment. Lymph nodes were transversally sectioned in four or five slices and embedded in paraffin blocks. Two paraffin-embedded tissue sections with 4 µm in thickness were mounted on glass slides and stained with hematoxylin-eosin and immunoperoxidase (cytokeratin AE1/AE3) techniques. RESULTS: standard histological examination identified metastasis in 22 patients (12.9%) and micrometastatic disease was observed in six of these patients (3.5%). The immunohistochemical examination identified metastatic disease in 16 patients (9.4%). Among them, isolated tumor cells were observed in 11 (6.5%) and micrometastases were identified in five (2.9%). CONCLUSIONS: the association of the standard histological examination and immunohistochemical technique increases the chances of sentinel lymph node metastasis identification.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(9):432-436
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032008000900002
PURPOSE: sentinel lymph node biopsy in early-stage breast cancer patients has been substituting the total axillary lymph node is presented dissection. The technique of processing the sentinel lymph node and the aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of occult metastasis identification based on the standard histological and immunohistochemical examination. METHODS: between 2002 and 2005, 266 sentinel lymph nodes were harvested from axillary biopsy of 170 patients with early stage breast cancer. All lymph nodes were considered to be negative according to standard intra-operative cytological assessment. Lymph nodes were transversally sectioned in four or five slices and embedded in paraffin blocks. Two paraffin-embedded tissue sections with 4 µm in thickness were mounted on glass slides and stained with hematoxylin-eosin and immunoperoxidase (cytokeratin AE1/AE3) techniques. RESULTS: standard histological examination identified metastasis in 22 patients (12.9%) and micrometastatic disease was observed in six of these patients (3.5%). The immunohistochemical examination identified metastatic disease in 16 patients (9.4%). Among them, isolated tumor cells were observed in 11 (6.5%) and micrometastases were identified in five (2.9%). CONCLUSIONS: the association of the standard histological examination and immunohistochemical technique increases the chances of sentinel lymph node metastasis identification.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(6):287-293
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032008000600004
PURPOSE: to analyze the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and of vascular endothelial growth factor (EVGF) in a group of patients with primary breast cancer, and correlate them to one another and with other prognostic indicators. METHODS: transversal study that has analyzed the expression of MMP-9 and of VEGF in 88 consecutive cases of primary breast tumors. The samples were obtained from patients with primary breast cancer, submitted to surgical treatment in the Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, from January 2000 to December 2004. An immunohistochemical technique has been applied, using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex to evaluate the antigen immunoreactions in the tumors. The qualitative expression of proteins has been assessed through the observation of the brownish stain intensity of antibodies in the cytoplasm of malignant cells, when at least one of the tumoral cells presented clear and unequivocal staining with each of those markers. To determine the qualitative score (0=absent, 1=weak, 2=average and 3=strong), the stronger cytoplasmatic staining intensity on the glass slide has been taken into consideration, independently of the stained cells. The quantitative expression was determined by the average percentage of stained cells, observed in at least ten microscopic fields. The MMP-9 and VEGF final quantification expression has been done by the application of the HSCORE=Σ[(I+1)]xPC, where I and PC represent the staining intensity and the percentage of stained cells, respectively. RESULTS: MMP-9 and VEGF presented a significant correlation in the tumors studied. The final expression has shown a median score of 180 and 190, respectively. When MMP-9 and VEGF expression were compared with the variables "age", "tumoral diameter", "histological type", "histological grade", "axillary lymph node" and "vascular invasion", it was impossible to find any significant correlation. Compared to one another, MMP-0 and VEGF have presented a positive correlation (rho=0.23; p=0.03). The axillary lymph node positivity has presented a positive correlation with the larger tumoral diameter (2.7±1.1 cm; p<0.01) and with the presence of vascular invasion (84.1%; p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The present results do not show correlation between the MMP-9 and VEGF with the selected prognostic indicators, but shown a significant correlation between one another.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(6):287-293
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032008000600004
PURPOSE: to analyze the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and of vascular endothelial growth factor (EVGF) in a group of patients with primary breast cancer, and correlate them to one another and with other prognostic indicators. METHODS: transversal study that has analyzed the expression of MMP-9 and of VEGF in 88 consecutive cases of primary breast tumors. The samples were obtained from patients with primary breast cancer, submitted to surgical treatment in the Clinical Hospital of Porto Alegre of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, from January 2000 to December 2004. An immunohistochemical technique has been applied, using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex to evaluate the antigen immunoreactions in the tumors. The qualitative expression of proteins has been assessed through the observation of the brownish stain intensity of antibodies in the cytoplasm of malignant cells, when at least one of the tumoral cells presented clear and unequivocal staining with each of those markers. To determine the qualitative score (0=absent, 1=weak, 2=average and 3=strong), the stronger cytoplasmatic staining intensity on the glass slide has been taken into consideration, independently of the stained cells. The quantitative expression was determined by the average percentage of stained cells, observed in at least ten microscopic fields. The MMP-9 and VEGF final quantification expression has been done by the application of the HSCORE=Σ[(I+1)]xPC, where I and PC represent the staining intensity and the percentage of stained cells, respectively. RESULTS: MMP-9 and VEGF presented a significant correlation in the tumors studied. The final expression has shown a median score of 180 and 190, respectively. When MMP-9 and VEGF expression were compared with the variables "age", "tumoral diameter", "histological type", "histological grade", "axillary lymph node" and "vascular invasion", it was impossible to find any significant correlation. Compared to one another, MMP-0 and VEGF have presented a positive correlation (rho=0.23; p=0.03). The axillary lymph node positivity has presented a positive correlation with the larger tumoral diameter (2.7±1.1 cm; p<0.01) and with the presence of vascular invasion (84.1%; p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The present results do not show correlation between the MMP-9 and VEGF with the selected prognostic indicators, but shown a significant correlation between one another.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(4):177-181
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032008000400004
PURPOSE: to evaluate the expression of Bax antigen in the normal mammary epithelium of premenopausal women treated with raloxifene. METHODS: a randomized double-blind study was conducted in 33 ovulatory premenopausal women with fibroadenoma. Patients were divided into two groups: Placebo, (n=18) and Raloxifene 60 mg, (n=15). The medication was used for 22 days, beginning on the first day of the menstrual cycle. An excisional biopsy was carried out on the 23rd day of the menstrual cycle and a sample of normal breast tissue adjacent to the fibroadenoma was collected and submitted to immunohistochemical study using anti-Bax polyclonal antibody to evaluate the expression of Bax protein. Immunoreaction for Bax was evaluated taking into consideration intensity and fraction of stained cells, whose combination resulted in a final score ranging from 0 to 6. Cases with a final score >3 were classified as positive for Bax. The c2 test was used for statistical analysis (p<0.05). RESULTS: the percentage of positivity of Bax protein expression was 66.7 and 73.3% in Groups A and B, respectively. There was no significant difference in Bax expression between the two groups (p=0.678). CONCLUSIONS: raloxifene, administered for 22 days in the dose of 60 mg/day, did not alter the expression of Bax protein in the breast normal tissue of premenopausal women.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(4):177-181
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032008000400004
PURPOSE: to evaluate the expression of Bax antigen in the normal mammary epithelium of premenopausal women treated with raloxifene. METHODS: a randomized double-blind study was conducted in 33 ovulatory premenopausal women with fibroadenoma. Patients were divided into two groups: Placebo, (n=18) and Raloxifene 60 mg, (n=15). The medication was used for 22 days, beginning on the first day of the menstrual cycle. An excisional biopsy was carried out on the 23rd day of the menstrual cycle and a sample of normal breast tissue adjacent to the fibroadenoma was collected and submitted to immunohistochemical study using anti-Bax polyclonal antibody to evaluate the expression of Bax protein. Immunoreaction for Bax was evaluated taking into consideration intensity and fraction of stained cells, whose combination resulted in a final score ranging from 0 to 6. Cases with a final score >3 were classified as positive for Bax. The c2 test was used for statistical analysis (p<0.05). RESULTS: the percentage of positivity of Bax protein expression was 66.7 and 73.3% in Groups A and B, respectively. There was no significant difference in Bax expression between the two groups (p=0.678). CONCLUSIONS: raloxifene, administered for 22 days in the dose of 60 mg/day, did not alter the expression of Bax protein in the breast normal tissue of premenopausal women.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(2):67-74
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032008000200004
PURPOSE: to compare the epidemiologic and clinical characteristics, and the follow-up of breast cancer in women diagnosed under and over 40 years of age. METHODS: a retrospective study, case-control type, with analysis of information obtained from medical records of patients attended from January 1994 to June 2004. Cases of intraductal carcinoma and at stage IV were excluded. Three groups were formed: patients under 40 years old at the diagnosis (n=72); patients between 40 and 50 (n=68) and patients over 50 (n=75). Data about age at the moment of diagnosis, lesion largest diameter, clinical stage, type, histological grade, presence of hormonal receptors and state of the lymph nodes were collected and analyzed. The chi2 test was used for qualitative variables. For quantitative variables without normal distribution (such as number of axillary nodes with metastasis and follow-up duration), the Kruskal-Wallis' test was used. For delineating the curves of free-of-disease and global survival, the log-rank test was used. RESULTS: there was no difference among the groups in the stage distribution, concerning the tumoral differentiation grade or in the distribution of histological types, and in the estrogen receptor and c-erb-B2 expression. Difference was found in the RP expression, which was less frequent in the group of patients under 40, than in the group of patients over 50 (36.2% versus 58.4%) respectively. There was no difference among the groups in the mean tumoral diameter (5.1, 4.7 and 5 cm, respectively). There was also no difference among the groups, concerning the rate of axillary lymph node metastasis (63.9, 46.9 and 50%, respectively). The average follow-up was 54 months for all the groups. Disease recurrence occurred in 22.6% of patients under 40 years old, in 60% of patients between 40 and 50, and in 22.6% of patients over 50, with a significant difference among groups (p<0.0001). Death caused by the disease was higher among patients under 40 (46.9%) than among patients between 40 and 50 (26.9%) and over 50 (22.6%), p=0.0019. The logistic analysis showed that "age under 40" and the "presence of more than one metastatic axillary node" were independent death risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: age under 40 is an independent risk factor for breast cancer. The traditional prognostic indicators, such as stage, tumoral diameter, axillary involvement and presence of hormonal receptors are not associated with the disease evolution.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(2):67-74
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032008000200004
PURPOSE: to compare the epidemiologic and clinical characteristics, and the follow-up of breast cancer in women diagnosed under and over 40 years of age. METHODS: a retrospective study, case-control type, with analysis of information obtained from medical records of patients attended from January 1994 to June 2004. Cases of intraductal carcinoma and at stage IV were excluded. Three groups were formed: patients under 40 years old at the diagnosis (n=72); patients between 40 and 50 (n=68) and patients over 50 (n=75). Data about age at the moment of diagnosis, lesion largest diameter, clinical stage, type, histological grade, presence of hormonal receptors and state of the lymph nodes were collected and analyzed. The chi2 test was used for qualitative variables. For quantitative variables without normal distribution (such as number of axillary nodes with metastasis and follow-up duration), the Kruskal-Wallis' test was used. For delineating the curves of free-of-disease and global survival, the log-rank test was used. RESULTS: there was no difference among the groups in the stage distribution, concerning the tumoral differentiation grade or in the distribution of histological types, and in the estrogen receptor and c-erb-B2 expression. Difference was found in the RP expression, which was less frequent in the group of patients under 40, than in the group of patients over 50 (36.2% versus 58.4%) respectively. There was no difference among the groups in the mean tumoral diameter (5.1, 4.7 and 5 cm, respectively). There was also no difference among the groups, concerning the rate of axillary lymph node metastasis (63.9, 46.9 and 50%, respectively). The average follow-up was 54 months for all the groups. Disease recurrence occurred in 22.6% of patients under 40 years old, in 60% of patients between 40 and 50, and in 22.6% of patients over 50, with a significant difference among groups (p<0.0001). Death caused by the disease was higher among patients under 40 (46.9%) than among patients between 40 and 50 (26.9%) and over 50 (22.6%), p=0.0019. The logistic analysis showed that "age under 40" and the "presence of more than one metastatic axillary node" were independent death risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: age under 40 is an independent risk factor for breast cancer. The traditional prognostic indicators, such as stage, tumoral diameter, axillary involvement and presence of hormonal receptors are not associated with the disease evolution.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(1):42-47
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032008000100008
Breast cancer is the principal cause of death from cancer in women. Molecular studies of breast cancer, based in the identification of the molecular profiling techniques through cDNA microarray, had allowed defining at least five distinct sub-group: luminal A, luminal B, HER-2-overexpression, basal and " normal" type breast-like. The technique of tissue microarrays (TMA), described for the first time in 1998, allows to study, in some samples of breast cancer, distinguished by differences in their gene expression patterns, which provide a distinctive molecular portrait for each tumor and the basis for and improved breast cancer molecular taxonomy. Another important implication is that genetic profiling may lead to the identification of new target for therapy and better predictive markers are needed to guide difficult treatment decisions. Additionally, the current pathology classification system is suboptimal, since patients with identical tumor types and stage of disease present different responses to therapy and different overall outcomes. Basal breast tumor represents one of the most intriguing subtypes and is frequently associated with poor prognosis and absence of putative therapeutic targets. Then, the purpose of this review was to resume the most recent knowledge about the breast carcinoma classification and characterization.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2008;30(1):42-47
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032008000100008
Breast cancer is the principal cause of death from cancer in women. Molecular studies of breast cancer, based in the identification of the molecular profiling techniques through cDNA microarray, had allowed defining at least five distinct sub-group: luminal A, luminal B, HER-2-overexpression, basal and " normal" type breast-like. The technique of tissue microarrays (TMA), described for the first time in 1998, allows to study, in some samples of breast cancer, distinguished by differences in their gene expression patterns, which provide a distinctive molecular portrait for each tumor and the basis for and improved breast cancer molecular taxonomy. Another important implication is that genetic profiling may lead to the identification of new target for therapy and better predictive markers are needed to guide difficult treatment decisions. Additionally, the current pathology classification system is suboptimal, since patients with identical tumor types and stage of disease present different responses to therapy and different overall outcomes. Basal breast tumor represents one of the most intriguing subtypes and is frequently associated with poor prognosis and absence of putative therapeutic targets. Then, the purpose of this review was to resume the most recent knowledge about the breast carcinoma classification and characterization.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2007;29(12):608-613
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032007001200002
PURPOSE: to assess the accuracy (rate of correct predictions) of stereotactic core needle biopsy (CNB) of risk category BI-RADS® 4 breast lesions. METHODS: a retrospective analysis of category BI-RADS® 4 breast lesions that had been submitted to a stereotactic core-needle biopsy from June 1998 to June 2003. Patients with histological benign results consistent with the radiographic image were referred to mammographic follow-up. Patients with malign diagnosis and papillary lesions were submitted to standard specific treatment. Excisional biopsies were performed when results were benign, but in disagreement with the mammographic image. It was considered as a gold-standard attendance: (1) the mammographic follow-up of low suspicion lesions with benign results at CNB, which stayed unchanged for, at least, three years, and (2) surgical resection when specimen results were malign or benign, but with a high suspicion on mammography. Sensitivity (S) specificity (E) and overall accuracy of stereotactic CNB were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: among the 118 non-palpable lesions of category BI-RADS® 4 submitted to CNB, the results obtained were: 27 malign cases, 81 benign, and ten lesions with atypical or papillary lesions. The statistical analysis comprised 108 patients (atypical and papillary lesions were excluded). CNB sensitivity was 87.1% and specificity 100%. The positive predictive value was 100% and the negative, 95.1%. False negatives occurred in 3.7% (4/108) of cases. The prevalence of malign diagnostics in the BI-RADS® 4 lesions of this sample was 29.7 (31/118).The accuracy of this method in this casuistic was 96.3%. CONCLUSIONS: these results support stereotactic CNB as an extremely reliable alternative to open biopsy, in the diagnosis and definition of breast lesions. In positive results, it is possible to indicate the appropriate therapy, and, in negative (when mammography shows low suspicion), it allows a follow up.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2007;29(12):608-613
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032007001200002
PURPOSE: to assess the accuracy (rate of correct predictions) of stereotactic core needle biopsy (CNB) of risk category BI-RADS® 4 breast lesions. METHODS: a retrospective analysis of category BI-RADS® 4 breast lesions that had been submitted to a stereotactic core-needle biopsy from June 1998 to June 2003. Patients with histological benign results consistent with the radiographic image were referred to mammographic follow-up. Patients with malign diagnosis and papillary lesions were submitted to standard specific treatment. Excisional biopsies were performed when results were benign, but in disagreement with the mammographic image. It was considered as a gold-standard attendance: (1) the mammographic follow-up of low suspicion lesions with benign results at CNB, which stayed unchanged for, at least, three years, and (2) surgical resection when specimen results were malign or benign, but with a high suspicion on mammography. Sensitivity (S) specificity (E) and overall accuracy of stereotactic CNB were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: among the 118 non-palpable lesions of category BI-RADS® 4 submitted to CNB, the results obtained were: 27 malign cases, 81 benign, and ten lesions with atypical or papillary lesions. The statistical analysis comprised 108 patients (atypical and papillary lesions were excluded). CNB sensitivity was 87.1% and specificity 100%. The positive predictive value was 100% and the negative, 95.1%. False negatives occurred in 3.7% (4/108) of cases. The prevalence of malign diagnostics in the BI-RADS® 4 lesions of this sample was 29.7 (31/118).The accuracy of this method in this casuistic was 96.3%. CONCLUSIONS: these results support stereotactic CNB as an extremely reliable alternative to open biopsy, in the diagnosis and definition of breast lesions. In positive results, it is possible to indicate the appropriate therapy, and, in negative (when mammography shows low suspicion), it allows a follow up.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2007;29(12):625-632
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032007001200005
PURPOSE: to analyze which characteristics proposed by the BIRADS lexicon for ultrasound have the greatest impact on distinguishing between benign and malignant lesions. METHODS: ultrasonography features from the third edition of the BIRADS were studied in 384 nodes submitted to percutaneous biopsy from February 2003 to December 2006, at the Medical School of Botucatu. For the ultrasonography, the equipment Logic 5 with a 7.5-12 MHz multifrequential linear transducer was used. The ultrasonography analysis of the node considered the features proposed by the BIRADS lexicon for ultrasound. The data were submitted to statistical analysis by the logistic regression model. RESULTS: the benign lesions represented 42.4% and the malignant, 57.6%. The logistic regression analysis found an odds ratio (OR) for cancer of 7.69 times when the surrounding tissue was altered, of 6.25 times when there were microcalcifications in the lesions interior, of 1.95 when the acoustic effect is shadowing, of 25.0 times when there was the echogenic halo, and of 7.14 times when the orientation was non-parallel. CONCLUSIONS: among the features studied, the lesion limit, represented by the presence or not of the halogenic halo, is the most important differentiator of the benign from the malignant masses.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2007;29(12):625-632
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032007001200005
PURPOSE: to analyze which characteristics proposed by the BIRADS lexicon for ultrasound have the greatest impact on distinguishing between benign and malignant lesions. METHODS: ultrasonography features from the third edition of the BIRADS were studied in 384 nodes submitted to percutaneous biopsy from February 2003 to December 2006, at the Medical School of Botucatu. For the ultrasonography, the equipment Logic 5 with a 7.5-12 MHz multifrequential linear transducer was used. The ultrasonography analysis of the node considered the features proposed by the BIRADS lexicon for ultrasound. The data were submitted to statistical analysis by the logistic regression model. RESULTS: the benign lesions represented 42.4% and the malignant, 57.6%. The logistic regression analysis found an odds ratio (OR) for cancer of 7.69 times when the surrounding tissue was altered, of 6.25 times when there were microcalcifications in the lesions interior, of 1.95 when the acoustic effect is shadowing, of 25.0 times when there was the echogenic halo, and of 7.14 times when the orientation was non-parallel. CONCLUSIONS: among the features studied, the lesion limit, represented by the presence or not of the halogenic halo, is the most important differentiator of the benign from the malignant masses.
