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Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2012;34(4):175-183
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032012000400007
PURPOSE: To associate the quality of life with the nutritional status of climacteric women. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study on a sample of 200 climacteric women aged 40 to 65 years who responded to a 24-hour food recall and to questions about socioeconomic factors and current, previous and family medical history. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-hip ratio were used for anthropometric evaluation. To assess the quality of life, we applied the MRS-menopause rating scale. RESULTS: The average BMI and waist circumference were 30.1 kg/m² (obesity grade 1) and 99 cm (very increased risk for cardiovascular disease), respectively. Increased protein consumption and decreased fiber, calcium and vitamin D intake were detected. The most prevalent disease was hypertension, 48.5% of the women studied were taking medication for cardiovascular disease and 23% were taking antidepressant medications. Regarding quality of life, significant results related to BMI as well as blood pressure were found. CONCLUSIONS: A nutritional intervention aiming to correct or improve food consumption and anthropometric profile may result in health benefits for climacteric women. The prevalence of obesity, associated with a poorer quality of life, morbidity and mortality underscores the need for a feeding re-education program during the climacteric.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2012;34(4):175-183
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032012000400007
PURPOSE: To associate the quality of life with the nutritional status of climacteric women. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study on a sample of 200 climacteric women aged 40 to 65 years who responded to a 24-hour food recall and to questions about socioeconomic factors and current, previous and family medical history. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-hip ratio were used for anthropometric evaluation. To assess the quality of life, we applied the MRS-menopause rating scale. RESULTS: The average BMI and waist circumference were 30.1 kg/m² (obesity grade 1) and 99 cm (very increased risk for cardiovascular disease), respectively. Increased protein consumption and decreased fiber, calcium and vitamin D intake were detected. The most prevalent disease was hypertension, 48.5% of the women studied were taking medication for cardiovascular disease and 23% were taking antidepressant medications. Regarding quality of life, significant results related to BMI as well as blood pressure were found. CONCLUSIONS: A nutritional intervention aiming to correct or improve food consumption and anthropometric profile may result in health benefits for climacteric women. The prevalence of obesity, associated with a poorer quality of life, morbidity and mortality underscores the need for a feeding re-education program during the climacteric.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2017;39(4):175-183
The objective of this study was to investigate the self-esteem of women with and without breast cancer regarding their body image.
A quantitative, case-control study in which 90 women with breast cancer were evaluated in the case group, and 77 women without breast cancer in the control group. For data collection, the body satisfaction scale (BSS), a scale adapted and validated in Brazil, and the Rosenberg self-esteem questionnaire were used. For the statistical analysis of the data, the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software (IBM-SPSS, Chicago, Il, US), version 16.0 was used.
Compared with the women without breast cancer, those with breast cancer were more dissatisfied with body image related to appearance. Women undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy were more dissatisfied with their appearance compared with those with cancer who were not undergoing this treatment. Mastectomy also accounted for more dissatisfaction concerning appearance among women who underwent the procedure compared with the women who were submitted to breast-conserving therapy.
Women with breast cancer were more dissatisfied with their body image compared with those without breast cancer, particularly following mastectomy or during chemotherapy. The self-esteem was found to be negatively affected in patients who were dissatisfied with their body image.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2017;39(4):175-183
The objective of this study was to investigate the self-esteem of women with and without breast cancer regarding their body image.
A quantitative, case-control study in which 90 women with breast cancer were evaluated in the case group, and 77 women without breast cancer in the control group. For data collection, the body satisfaction scale (BSS), a scale adapted and validated in Brazil, and the Rosenberg self-esteem questionnaire were used. For the statistical analysis of the data, the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software (IBM-SPSS, Chicago, Il, US), version 16.0 was used.
Compared with the women without breast cancer, those with breast cancer were more dissatisfied with body image related to appearance. Women undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy were more dissatisfied with their appearance compared with those with cancer who were not undergoing this treatment. Mastectomy also accounted for more dissatisfaction concerning appearance among women who underwent the procedure compared with the women who were submitted to breast-conserving therapy.
Women with breast cancer were more dissatisfied with their body image compared with those without breast cancer, particularly following mastectomy or during chemotherapy. The self-esteem was found to be negatively affected in patients who were dissatisfied with their body image.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2007;29(4):175-180
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032007000400002
PURPOSE: the premature rupture of membranes (PROM) has been a reason for many investigations, amongst which the involved immune mechanisms. Ahead of the scarcity of studies related to the subject, this work had as objective to evaluate the serum values of IgA, IgG, IgM, C3 and C4 in pregnant women with pre-term PROM. METHODS: in this transversal study, 36 pregnant women had been enclosed, with gestational age between 23 and 37 weeks. Of this total, 15 women had had laboratorial and clinical diagnosis of PROM. Patients with beginning of the childbirth work, clinical signals of infection, clinical dysfunction with systemic repercussion had been excluded. Serum concentrations of immunoglobulin (IgA), immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG), C3 and C4 had been evaluated in the patients with (study group) and without PROM (control group). Correlation among dosages; number of childbirths and time of rupture was determined by Spearman coefficient correlation (r value). RESULTS: serum levels of IgA (average±SD) had been significantly higher in the patients of the control group (271.0±107.0 versus 202.9±66.1; respectively, control and study group; p=0.024). There was no statistical difference when the levels of IgM, IgG, C3 and C4 had been compared between two groups. Significant association was not noticed between the number of childbirths and the IgA, IgM, IgG, C3 and C4 dosages (Spearman; r between -0,009 and 0,027; p>0,05). The average time of rupture of study group patients was of 19.1 hours (one - 72 hours), without association with the evaluated serum dosages. CONCLUSIONS: pregnant women with PROM show levels of IgA significantly lower than normal pregnant patients. The variable "number of childbirths" does not act as a factor of confusion in the comparative analysis of the dosages obtained in patients with or without PROM, as well as also it did not have association between the time of rupture and the immunoglobulin and complements serum dosages.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2007;29(4):175-180
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032007000400002
PURPOSE: the premature rupture of membranes (PROM) has been a reason for many investigations, amongst which the involved immune mechanisms. Ahead of the scarcity of studies related to the subject, this work had as objective to evaluate the serum values of IgA, IgG, IgM, C3 and C4 in pregnant women with pre-term PROM. METHODS: in this transversal study, 36 pregnant women had been enclosed, with gestational age between 23 and 37 weeks. Of this total, 15 women had had laboratorial and clinical diagnosis of PROM. Patients with beginning of the childbirth work, clinical signals of infection, clinical dysfunction with systemic repercussion had been excluded. Serum concentrations of immunoglobulin (IgA), immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG), C3 and C4 had been evaluated in the patients with (study group) and without PROM (control group). Correlation among dosages; number of childbirths and time of rupture was determined by Spearman coefficient correlation (r value). RESULTS: serum levels of IgA (average±SD) had been significantly higher in the patients of the control group (271.0±107.0 versus 202.9±66.1; respectively, control and study group; p=0.024). There was no statistical difference when the levels of IgM, IgG, C3 and C4 had been compared between two groups. Significant association was not noticed between the number of childbirths and the IgA, IgM, IgG, C3 and C4 dosages (Spearman; r between -0,009 and 0,027; p>0,05). The average time of rupture of study group patients was of 19.1 hours (one - 72 hours), without association with the evaluated serum dosages. CONCLUSIONS: pregnant women with PROM show levels of IgA significantly lower than normal pregnant patients. The variable "number of childbirths" does not act as a factor of confusion in the comparative analysis of the dosages obtained in patients with or without PROM, as well as also it did not have association between the time of rupture and the immunoglobulin and complements serum dosages.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2000;22(3):175-179
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032000000300009
Purpose: to evaluate the route of delivery in a group of low-income primipara pregnant women with a previous cesarean section, and the factors associated with the repetition of the cesarean section on the second delivery. Patients and Methods: it was a case-control study including 356 women who were assisted at the Maternity of CAISM/UNICAMP during the period between January 1993 and January 1996. The cases were 153 women whose second delivery was through a cesarean section and the controls were 203 women whose second delivery was vaginal. For analysis, means, standard deviation, Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney test, chi² test and odds ratio (OR) with 95% CI for each factor possibly associated with cesarean section on the second delivery were used. Results: the route of the second delivery was vaginal for 57% of the women. Among the several variables studied, those which showed to be significantly associated with a cesarean section on the second delivery were: higher maternal age (for women over 35 years, OR = 16.4), previous abortions (OR = 2.09), induced labor (OR = 3,83), premature rupture of membranes (OR = 2.83), not having an epidural analgesia performed during labor (OR = 5.3), the finding of some alteration in fetal well-being (OR = 2.7) and the delivery occurring during the afternoon (OR = 1.92). Conclusions: these results indicate that the factors associated with the repetition of cesarean section in women with a previous scar of cesarean section in this population are predominantly medical; however, there is still the possibility of proposing interventions directed to decreasing the rates of repeated cesarean sections.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2000;22(3):175-179
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032000000300009
Purpose: to evaluate the route of delivery in a group of low-income primipara pregnant women with a previous cesarean section, and the factors associated with the repetition of the cesarean section on the second delivery. Patients and Methods: it was a case-control study including 356 women who were assisted at the Maternity of CAISM/UNICAMP during the period between January 1993 and January 1996. The cases were 153 women whose second delivery was through a cesarean section and the controls were 203 women whose second delivery was vaginal. For analysis, means, standard deviation, Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney test, chi² test and odds ratio (OR) with 95% CI for each factor possibly associated with cesarean section on the second delivery were used. Results: the route of the second delivery was vaginal for 57% of the women. Among the several variables studied, those which showed to be significantly associated with a cesarean section on the second delivery were: higher maternal age (for women over 35 years, OR = 16.4), previous abortions (OR = 2.09), induced labor (OR = 3,83), premature rupture of membranes (OR = 2.83), not having an epidural analgesia performed during labor (OR = 5.3), the finding of some alteration in fetal well-being (OR = 2.7) and the delivery occurring during the afternoon (OR = 1.92). Conclusions: these results indicate that the factors associated with the repetition of cesarean section in women with a previous scar of cesarean section in this population are predominantly medical; however, there is still the possibility of proposing interventions directed to decreasing the rates of repeated cesarean sections.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2002;24(3):175-179
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032002000300005
Purpose: to determine the presence of asymptomatic amniotic fluid infection in pregnant women, to identify the bacterial agents involved in the infection and to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility in vitro. Methods: amniotic fluid samples were obtained by amniocentesis from 81 pregnant women without labor signs and without suspucion of clinical infection, attended at Maternidade Escola Assis Chateaubriand from August 1997 to January 1999. The presence of aerobic bacteria, strict/facultative anaerobic bacteria and genital mycoplasmas was investigated. The anaerobic bacteria were identified by the ATB SystemÒ (Biolab Mérieux) and mycoplasmas by the IST MycoplasmaÒ kit (Biolab-Mérieux). Results: among the obtained samples, eight (9.8%) showed positive culture and in two samples two different strains were identified. The isolated pathogens were Ureaplasma urealyticum (7 cases, 8.6%), Mycoplasma hominis (1 case, 1.2%) and Peptostreptococcus sp (2 cases, 2.4%). The antimicrobial susceptibility was characterized by great mycoplasma resistance to erythromycin (37.5%) and no resistance to cyclins. Conclusions: the percentage of asymptomatic infections was high, and furthe research is necessary to evaluate the asymptomatic infection consequences in pregnant women and their newborns, involving methods that identify genital mycoplasmas, which were the most frequently isolated bacteria.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2002;24(3):175-179
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032002000300005
Purpose: to determine the presence of asymptomatic amniotic fluid infection in pregnant women, to identify the bacterial agents involved in the infection and to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility in vitro. Methods: amniotic fluid samples were obtained by amniocentesis from 81 pregnant women without labor signs and without suspucion of clinical infection, attended at Maternidade Escola Assis Chateaubriand from August 1997 to January 1999. The presence of aerobic bacteria, strict/facultative anaerobic bacteria and genital mycoplasmas was investigated. The anaerobic bacteria were identified by the ATB SystemÒ (Biolab Mérieux) and mycoplasmas by the IST MycoplasmaÒ kit (Biolab-Mérieux). Results: among the obtained samples, eight (9.8%) showed positive culture and in two samples two different strains were identified. The isolated pathogens were Ureaplasma urealyticum (7 cases, 8.6%), Mycoplasma hominis (1 case, 1.2%) and Peptostreptococcus sp (2 cases, 2.4%). The antimicrobial susceptibility was characterized by great mycoplasma resistance to erythromycin (37.5%) and no resistance to cyclins. Conclusions: the percentage of asymptomatic infections was high, and furthe research is necessary to evaluate the asymptomatic infection consequences in pregnant women and their newborns, involving methods that identify genital mycoplasmas, which were the most frequently isolated bacteria.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2001;23(3):175-179
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032001000300007
Purpose: to determine the accuracy of transabdominal ultrasound (TAUS) in revealing physiological and pathological changes in uterine volume, and to compare uterine volume detected by TAUS and by transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) in an attempt to determine the relationship between the two methods. Methods: a total of 1,186 pelvic echographic examinations (TAUS and TVUS) were first reviewed retrospectively in terms of the major diseases and indications for the examinations. A total of 480 TAUS examinations without uterine disease were then selected and uterine volume was correlated with age and parity. Finally, a retrospective study was conducted to compare the uterine volume of 50 women obtained by TAUS and TVUS. Data were analyzed statistically by Student's t-test and Spearman and Pearson correlation. Results: correlating with parity, volume was 44.4 cm³ for P = 0 (n = 99), 58.5 cm³ for P = 1 (n = 72), 75.8 cm³ for P = 2-3 (n = 137), 88cm³ for P = 4-5 (n = 56), and 105cm³ for P = 6 or more (n = 26), showing a positive correlation between parity and uterine volume. Calculation of Spearman's correlation coefficient yielded r = 0.59 and p = 0.001 and calculation of Pearson's correlation coefficient yielded r = 0.55 and the same p value. There were no significant differences between the uterine volumes detected by TAUS and TVUS. Conclusions: the volume increases with parity and changes with age, and these modifications are detected by TAUS. The two methods (TAUS and TVUS) are equivalent in determining the uterine volume; however, when TAUS is used, bladder filling allows a better evaluation of the uterine length.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2001;23(3):175-179
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032001000300007
Purpose: to determine the accuracy of transabdominal ultrasound (TAUS) in revealing physiological and pathological changes in uterine volume, and to compare uterine volume detected by TAUS and by transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) in an attempt to determine the relationship between the two methods. Methods: a total of 1,186 pelvic echographic examinations (TAUS and TVUS) were first reviewed retrospectively in terms of the major diseases and indications for the examinations. A total of 480 TAUS examinations without uterine disease were then selected and uterine volume was correlated with age and parity. Finally, a retrospective study was conducted to compare the uterine volume of 50 women obtained by TAUS and TVUS. Data were analyzed statistically by Student's t-test and Spearman and Pearson correlation. Results: correlating with parity, volume was 44.4 cm³ for P = 0 (n = 99), 58.5 cm³ for P = 1 (n = 72), 75.8 cm³ for P = 2-3 (n = 137), 88cm³ for P = 4-5 (n = 56), and 105cm³ for P = 6 or more (n = 26), showing a positive correlation between parity and uterine volume. Calculation of Spearman's correlation coefficient yielded r = 0.59 and p = 0.001 and calculation of Pearson's correlation coefficient yielded r = 0.55 and the same p value. There were no significant differences between the uterine volumes detected by TAUS and TVUS. Conclusions: the volume increases with parity and changes with age, and these modifications are detected by TAUS. The two methods (TAUS and TVUS) are equivalent in determining the uterine volume; however, when TAUS is used, bladder filling allows a better evaluation of the uterine length.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1999;21(3):175-176
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72031999000300011
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1999;21(3):175-176
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72031999000300011
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1999;21(3):175-175
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1999;21(3):175-175