Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2018;40(1):47-52
Vaginal cancer is a rare entity. The evidence on its management resides mostly in clinical cases or small case series. Of the histological types, the most frequent is the squamous cell carcinoma, followed by adenocarcinoma. But what to do when identifying an even more infrequent sarcoma in a premenopausal woman? In this study, we describe the case of a 53-year-old woman presenting with metrorrhagia for two months, who was evaluated after an intense episode. A necrotic and ulcerative vaginal swelling was documented and then submitted to biopsy, which revealed a vaginal sarcoma. The patient was referred to radiation therapy with 50 Gy (aiming to control the symptoms and to cause tumor reduction for posterior pelvic exenteration with intraoperative radiotherapy) and developed an extra-pelvic metastization at the end of the treatment, which caused a fast negative outcome. Despite the initial poor prognosis, a chemo-irradiation or primary surgery regimen might have achieved (although with greater side effects) a better survival. This case-report entails a discussion about the strategies to manage vaginal sarcoma in advanced stage and in premenopausal women.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1998;20(1):47-49
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72031998000100008
We report a case in which there was spontaneous regression of hydrops fetalis. Hydrops was probably caused by fetal infection with parvovirus B19. Anemia and hypokinesia of the heart were also observed. Diagnosis was accomplished by the ultrasound, virus detection in maternal serum, complete fetal blood count, and analysis of hepatic enzymes.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2001;23(1):47-51
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032001000100007
Purpose: to evaluate the incidence of thermal damage to the specimens excised through large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ) and to determine qualitatively and quantitatively the thermal injury to the ectocervical and endocervical epithelia as well as the influence of the menstrual phase on such process. Methods: we performed a prospective study of 100 patients with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HGSIL). Thermal damage was subdivided into three grades according to Messing et al¹. Results: thermal injury occurred in all the cases, however, through statistical analysis we found that in 91% of the cases it was insignificant, thus leading to a precise histological evaluation, hence to measure the thermal injury was unnecessary. The grade and extent of thermal damage in excised specimens using LLETZ had no relation to the menstrual phase. The extension of thermal tissue alteration in the endocervical epithelia was 271,6 mu while the extension in ectocervical epithelia was 254,8 mu, showing that the extension of thermal damage is significantly higher in endocervical epithelia. Of the one hundred patients, 80 were in menacme and 20 in menopause correlating the grade and extension of thermal damage with the menstrual state. Conclusion: there was no significant difference in both qualitative and quantitative evaluations. There is no need to measure the thermal damage.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2016;38(1):47-52
Patient autonomy has great importance for a valid informed consent in clinical practice. Our objectives were to quantify thedomains of patient autonomy and to evaluate the variables that can affect patient autonomy in women with chronic pelvic pain.
This study is a cross sectional survey performed in a tertiary care University Hospital. Fifty-two consecutive women scheduled for laparoscopic management of chronic pelvic were included. Three major components of autonomy (competence, information or freedom) were evaluated using a Likert scale with 24 validated affirmatives.
Competence scores (0.85 vs 0.92; p = 0.006) and information scores (0.90 vs 0.93; p = 0.02) were low for women with less than eight years of school attendance. Information scores were low in the presence of anxiety (0.91 vs 0.93; p = 0.05) or depression (0.90 vs 0.93; p = 0.01).
Our data show that systematic evaluation of patient autonomy can provide clinical relevant information in gynecology. Low educational level, anxiety and depression might reduce the patient autonomy in women with chronic pelvic pain.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2022;44(1):47-54
To evaluate the assistance provided to women victims of sexual violence and their participation in the follow-up treatment after the traumatic event, presenting a sociodemographic profile, gynecological background, and circumstances of the event, and reporting the results, acceptance, and side effects of prophylaxis for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and pregnancy.
A retrospective cohort study comprising the period between 2007 and 2016. All women receiving medical care and clinical follow-up after a severe episode of sexual violence were included. Records of domestic violence, male victims, children, and adolescents who reported consensual sexual activity were excluded. The present study included descriptive statistics as frequencies and percentages.
A total of 867medical records were reviewed and 444 cases of sexual violence were included. The age of the victims ranged from10 to 77 years old, most of them selfdeclared white, with between 4 and 8 years of education, and denying having a sexual partner. Sexual violence occurred predominantly at night, on public thoroughfare, being committed by an unknown offender. Most victims were assisted at the referral service center within 72 hours after the violence, enabling the recommended prophylaxis. There was high acceptance of antiretroviral therapy (ART), although half of the users reported side effects. Seroconversion to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or to hepatitis B virus (HBV) was not detected in women undergoing prophylaxis.
In the present cohort, the profile of victims of sexual violence was loweducated, young, white women. The traumatic event occurred predominantly at night, on public thoroughfare, being committed by an unknown offender. Assistance within the first 72 hours after sexual violence enables the healthcare center to provide prophylactic interventions against STIs and unwanted pregnancies.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2014;36(2):47-49
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 1999;21(1):47-54
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72031999000100008
Purpose: to evaluate clinical and ultrasonic findings in patients with pelvic tumors at postmenopause and to correlate them with the final diagnosis. Patients and Methods: thirty-six postmenopausal women with pelvic tumor diagnosis were prospectively evaluated through clinical examination and endovaginal ultrasonography. Clinical follow-up with no surgical procedures was indicated for anechoic cystic tumors with or without thin unique septation and volume under 50 cm³. Needle aspiration was indicated for tumors with the same aspect, and volume of 50 to 100 cm³, whereas exploratory laparotomy was performed in the remaining patients. Diagnosis defined two groups of patients: benign (28) and malignant (8) pathologies. Results: anechoic cystic tumor with or without a thin septum indicates benignity (p = 0.0091). Tumors with solid areas indicate malignancy (p = 0.0024). Ascites correlates with malignancy (p = 0.0278). Heterogeneity, thick capsule, thick septa, and papillary projections predominated in malignancies but without no statistical significance (p > 0,05). Tumor volume indicates malignancy, with a median of 85.2 cm³ in benign tumors and 452.5 cm³ in malignancies (p = 0.0048), with a cutoff at 295 cm³ (sensitivity = 83.3% and specificity = 85.2%). Following this protocol, all malignancies were submitted to surgery and 11 benign tumor patients were treated with a conservative protocol (39.3% of all benign patients). Conclusion: conservative management is an adequate protocol for women with anechoic pelvic tumors with low volume, with or without single thin septum and without ascites. Differentiation between benign and malignant of complex and/or high volume tumors requires complementary investigation.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2005;27(1):47-47