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Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2017;39(4):175-183
The objective of this study was to investigate the self-esteem of women with and without breast cancer regarding their body image.
A quantitative, case-control study in which 90 women with breast cancer were evaluated in the case group, and 77 women without breast cancer in the control group. For data collection, the body satisfaction scale (BSS), a scale adapted and validated in Brazil, and the Rosenberg self-esteem questionnaire were used. For the statistical analysis of the data, the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software (IBM-SPSS, Chicago, Il, US), version 16.0 was used.
Compared with the women without breast cancer, those with breast cancer were more dissatisfied with body image related to appearance. Women undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy were more dissatisfied with their appearance compared with those with cancer who were not undergoing this treatment. Mastectomy also accounted for more dissatisfaction concerning appearance among women who underwent the procedure compared with the women who were submitted to breast-conserving therapy.
Women with breast cancer were more dissatisfied with their body image compared with those without breast cancer, particularly following mastectomy or during chemotherapy. The self-esteem was found to be negatively affected in patients who were dissatisfied with their body image.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2017;39(4):175-183
The objective of this study was to investigate the self-esteem of women with and without breast cancer regarding their body image.
A quantitative, case-control study in which 90 women with breast cancer were evaluated in the case group, and 77 women without breast cancer in the control group. For data collection, the body satisfaction scale (BSS), a scale adapted and validated in Brazil, and the Rosenberg self-esteem questionnaire were used. For the statistical analysis of the data, the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software (IBM-SPSS, Chicago, Il, US), version 16.0 was used.
Compared with the women without breast cancer, those with breast cancer were more dissatisfied with body image related to appearance. Women undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy were more dissatisfied with their appearance compared with those with cancer who were not undergoing this treatment. Mastectomy also accounted for more dissatisfaction concerning appearance among women who underwent the procedure compared with the women who were submitted to breast-conserving therapy.
Women with breast cancer were more dissatisfied with their body image compared with those without breast cancer, particularly following mastectomy or during chemotherapy. The self-esteem was found to be negatively affected in patients who were dissatisfied with their body image.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2015;37(8):388-392
DOI 10.1590/SO100-720320150005319
To describe the mortality of female breast cancer in Brazil according to color, in the years 2000 and 2010.
A descriptive study in which demographic data were obtained from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). The breast cancer death information in Brazil was collected from the Ministry of Health through the Mortality Information System (SIM). The crude mortality rates for female breast cancer were calculated according to color and age group, up to 49 years and ≥50 years. The results obtained were distributed into five geographical regions of the country (North, Northeast, Midwest, South and Southeast).
In Brazil, in women aged 50 or more, the highest crude mortality rates of breast cancer in 2000 were 62.6/100,000, 46.0/100,000 and 29.7/100,000 among yellow, white and black women, respectively. In women under 50 years in 2000, the crude mortality ranged from 2.0/100,000 among indigenous women to 6.8/100,000 among white women. After ten years, in women over 50 years, the crude mortality rate among yellow, white and black women was 21.5, 53.2 and 40.4 per 100,000, respectively. In the country's regions, the highest mortality rates of breast cancer were observed in white and black women from the South and Southeast. In the Northeast, mortality rates in black and brown women doubled in 2010.
Breast cancer mortality rates show ethnic and geographical variations. However, it is not possible to exclude the possibility that large variations have occurred as a result of improvement in the quality of information on mortality in the country.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2015;37(8):388-392
DOI 10.1590/SO100-720320150005319
To describe the mortality of female breast cancer in Brazil according to color, in the years 2000 and 2010.
A descriptive study in which demographic data were obtained from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). The breast cancer death information in Brazil was collected from the Ministry of Health through the Mortality Information System (SIM). The crude mortality rates for female breast cancer were calculated according to color and age group, up to 49 years and ≥50 years. The results obtained were distributed into five geographical regions of the country (North, Northeast, Midwest, South and Southeast).
In Brazil, in women aged 50 or more, the highest crude mortality rates of breast cancer in 2000 were 62.6/100,000, 46.0/100,000 and 29.7/100,000 among yellow, white and black women, respectively. In women under 50 years in 2000, the crude mortality ranged from 2.0/100,000 among indigenous women to 6.8/100,000 among white women. After ten years, in women over 50 years, the crude mortality rate among yellow, white and black women was 21.5, 53.2 and 40.4 per 100,000, respectively. In the country's regions, the highest mortality rates of breast cancer were observed in white and black women from the South and Southeast. In the Northeast, mortality rates in black and brown women doubled in 2010.
Breast cancer mortality rates show ethnic and geographical variations. However, it is not possible to exclude the possibility that large variations have occurred as a result of improvement in the quality of information on mortality in the country.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2009;31(8):377-379
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2009;31(8):377-379
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2009;31(5):219-223
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032009000500003
PURPOSE: To analyze the temporal changes of breast cancer staging at diagnosis among women living in Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil, between 1989 and 2003. METHODS: Retrospective and descriptive study in which the cases were identified from the Population-Based Cancer Registry of Goiânia for the period from 1989 to 2003. The variables studied were age, diagnostic method, topographic sublocation, morphology and breast cancer staging. Frequency analyses were carried out on the variables and means, and the medians for the age were determined. The SPSS® 15.0 software was used for statistical analyses. RESULTS: A total of 3,204 breast cancer cases were collected. The mean age was 56 years (sd±16 years). With regard to clinical staging, 45.6% of the cases were found to be localized in the breast, with an increased rate of 19.25% between the first and the third five-year period (p<0.001; CI 95%=0.14-0.23) and 10.2% of cases were with distant metastases. However, a reduction of 17.74% for metastatic cases in the same interval (p<0.001 e CI 95%=0.14-21) was observed. The in situ case rate was 0.2% in 1989-1993 and increased to 6.2% in 1999-2003 (p<0.001, IC95%=4.9-7.4). CONCLUSION: The diagnostic profile of breast cancer in the city of Goiânia is changing. Substantial increases in the number of early breast cancer cases are being found in relation to the number of advanced cases.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2009;31(5):219-223
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032009000500003
PURPOSE: To analyze the temporal changes of breast cancer staging at diagnosis among women living in Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil, between 1989 and 2003. METHODS: Retrospective and descriptive study in which the cases were identified from the Population-Based Cancer Registry of Goiânia for the period from 1989 to 2003. The variables studied were age, diagnostic method, topographic sublocation, morphology and breast cancer staging. Frequency analyses were carried out on the variables and means, and the medians for the age were determined. The SPSS® 15.0 software was used for statistical analyses. RESULTS: A total of 3,204 breast cancer cases were collected. The mean age was 56 years (sd±16 years). With regard to clinical staging, 45.6% of the cases were found to be localized in the breast, with an increased rate of 19.25% between the first and the third five-year period (p<0.001; CI 95%=0.14-0.23) and 10.2% of cases were with distant metastases. However, a reduction of 17.74% for metastatic cases in the same interval (p<0.001 e CI 95%=0.14-21) was observed. The in situ case rate was 0.2% in 1989-1993 and increased to 6.2% in 1999-2003 (p<0.001, IC95%=4.9-7.4). CONCLUSION: The diagnostic profile of breast cancer in the city of Goiânia is changing. Substantial increases in the number of early breast cancer cases are being found in relation to the number of advanced cases.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2007;29(9):465-469
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032007000900005
PURPOSE: to compare the double-circle (DC) technique to other techniques, with periareolar (PA) and transverse nipple-areolar (TNA) incisions, for the surgical correction of gynecomastia. METHODS: we studied the medical files of 34 patients from the Federal University of Goiás, submitted to the surgical correction of gynecomastia, from 1999 to 2004. Patients were divided according to the surgical technique used. The parametric numeric variables were compared by Tukey test. The chi2 or the Fisher's exact test was used for nominal variables. It was considered significant a p value<0.05. RESULTS: the mean age of the patients was 27.9 (+12.5) years. There were 43 gynecomastias, 34 unilateral (79.1%) and nine (20.9%) bilateral. There were 19 breasts operated (44.2%) using DC, 14 (33.6%) using PA incision, and 10 (23.3%), TNA incision. The mean drain usage was five days for DC and one day for the others (p<0.01). The suction drain was used in 19 cases (100%) of DC and two (22%) in TNA. The other patients used drains of Penrose (p<0.01). The mean surgical time was significantly larger for DC (73 minutes) than for PA (45 minutes) and for TNA (48 minutes). DC was used mainly in voluminous gynecomastias (p=0.04). The complications consisted in three (33%) hematomas in TNA (p<0.01) and one (5%) in DC; one (11%) infection in TNA; two (10%) partial necrosis of the nipple in DC; four (21%) enlarged scars in DC (p=0.04); three (16%) hypertrofic scars (p=0.08) in DC; one (2%) inversion of nipple with TNA. CONCLUSIONS: The DC was used often in voluminous gynecomastias. It was a good and secure operation, although it required a more extensive surgical time and had a larger possibility of distended scars.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2007;29(9):465-469
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032007000900005
PURPOSE: to compare the double-circle (DC) technique to other techniques, with periareolar (PA) and transverse nipple-areolar (TNA) incisions, for the surgical correction of gynecomastia. METHODS: we studied the medical files of 34 patients from the Federal University of Goiás, submitted to the surgical correction of gynecomastia, from 1999 to 2004. Patients were divided according to the surgical technique used. The parametric numeric variables were compared by Tukey test. The chi2 or the Fisher's exact test was used for nominal variables. It was considered significant a p value<0.05. RESULTS: the mean age of the patients was 27.9 (+12.5) years. There were 43 gynecomastias, 34 unilateral (79.1%) and nine (20.9%) bilateral. There were 19 breasts operated (44.2%) using DC, 14 (33.6%) using PA incision, and 10 (23.3%), TNA incision. The mean drain usage was five days for DC and one day for the others (p<0.01). The suction drain was used in 19 cases (100%) of DC and two (22%) in TNA. The other patients used drains of Penrose (p<0.01). The mean surgical time was significantly larger for DC (73 minutes) than for PA (45 minutes) and for TNA (48 minutes). DC was used mainly in voluminous gynecomastias (p=0.04). The complications consisted in three (33%) hematomas in TNA (p<0.01) and one (5%) in DC; one (11%) infection in TNA; two (10%) partial necrosis of the nipple in DC; four (21%) enlarged scars in DC (p=0.04); three (16%) hypertrofic scars (p=0.08) in DC; one (2%) inversion of nipple with TNA. CONCLUSIONS: The DC was used often in voluminous gynecomastias. It was a good and secure operation, although it required a more extensive surgical time and had a larger possibility of distended scars.
