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Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2016;38(1):20-26
To evaluate the correlation of the levels of fructosamine and of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) with the frequency of blood glucose self-monitoring values out of the treatment target range in pregnant women with diabetes mellitus.
We performed an observational, retrospective, cross-sectional study, including all pregnant women with diabetes who attended prenatal care visits at a tertiary teaching hospital during the year of 2014 and who presented at least 20 days of blood glucose self-monitoring prior to assessment of serum levels of fructosamine and HbA1c. Capillary blood glucose values out of the treatment target range were considered "hypoglycemia" when lower than 70 mg/dL and "hyperglycemia" when above the glycemic therapeutic target. We evaluated the correlation of the levels of fructosamine and of HbA1c with the frequencies of hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia recorded in the glucometer device by performing Tau-b of Kendall correlation tests. Next, linear regression tests were performed between the levels of HbA1c and of fructosamine and the frequencies of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia.
We included 158 pregnant women, from whom 266 blood samples were obtained for assessing fructosamine and HbA1c levels. Measurements of fructosamine and of HbA1c presented, respectively, Kendall's τ coefficient of 0.29 (p < 0.001) and 0.50 (p < 0.001) regarding the frequency of hyperglycemia, and of 0.09 (p = 0.046) and 0.25 (p < 0.001) regarding the frequency of hypoglycemia. In the linear regression model, levels of fructosamine and of HbA1c respectively presented determination coefficients R2 = 0.265 (p < 0.001) and R2 = 0.513 (p < 0.001) for the prediction of hyperglycemia, and R2 = 0.033 (p = 0.003) and R2 = 0.059 (p < 0.001) for the prediction of hypoglycemia.
Levels of fructosamine and of HbA1c presented a weak to moderate correlation with the frequencies of hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia at blood glucose self-monitoring and were not able to accurately translate the deviations from the glycemic goals in pregnant women with diabetes.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2016;38(1):20-26
To evaluate the correlation of the levels of fructosamine and of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) with the frequency of blood glucose self-monitoring values out of the treatment target range in pregnant women with diabetes mellitus.
We performed an observational, retrospective, cross-sectional study, including all pregnant women with diabetes who attended prenatal care visits at a tertiary teaching hospital during the year of 2014 and who presented at least 20 days of blood glucose self-monitoring prior to assessment of serum levels of fructosamine and HbA1c. Capillary blood glucose values out of the treatment target range were considered "hypoglycemia" when lower than 70 mg/dL and "hyperglycemia" when above the glycemic therapeutic target. We evaluated the correlation of the levels of fructosamine and of HbA1c with the frequencies of hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia recorded in the glucometer device by performing Tau-b of Kendall correlation tests. Next, linear regression tests were performed between the levels of HbA1c and of fructosamine and the frequencies of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia.
We included 158 pregnant women, from whom 266 blood samples were obtained for assessing fructosamine and HbA1c levels. Measurements of fructosamine and of HbA1c presented, respectively, Kendall's τ coefficient of 0.29 (p < 0.001) and 0.50 (p < 0.001) regarding the frequency of hyperglycemia, and of 0.09 (p = 0.046) and 0.25 (p < 0.001) regarding the frequency of hypoglycemia. In the linear regression model, levels of fructosamine and of HbA1c respectively presented determination coefficients R2 = 0.265 (p < 0.001) and R2 = 0.513 (p < 0.001) for the prediction of hyperglycemia, and R2 = 0.033 (p = 0.003) and R2 = 0.059 (p < 0.001) for the prediction of hypoglycemia.
Levels of fructosamine and of HbA1c presented a weak to moderate correlation with the frequencies of hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia at blood glucose self-monitoring and were not able to accurately translate the deviations from the glycemic goals in pregnant women with diabetes.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2015;37(12):565-570
DOI 10.1590/SO100-720320150005488
To determine the influence of breastfeeding on the results of a postpartum oral glucose tolerance test in women recently diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus.
The data were obtained from the electronic medical records of the Endocrinopathy Sector during pregnancy, HCMED laboratory system ofHospital das Clínicas of São Paulo , and by telephone. According to the inclusion criteria adopted, 132 patients were eligible for the study. For statistical analysis, the patients were divided into two groups according to whether or not they breastfed. The results were analyzed by the Student t-test and by the Mann-Whitney, Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests, depending on the variable analyzed, with the level of significance set at p<0.05.
Of the 132 patients included in the study, 114 breastfed and 18 did not. Most of the patients in both groups were overweight or obese. The breastfeeding group had a lower pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index than the non-breastfeeding group (p=0.006). Insulin was introduced earlier in the group that did not breastfeed (23.21±4.33 versus 28.84±6.17; p=0.04). The group that did not breastfeed had a higher mean postpartum fasting glucose value in the oral glucose tolerance test than the group that breastfed (91.3±8.7 versus 86.5±9.3; p=0.01). Breastfeeding acted as a protective factor against the development of glucose intolerance in the postpartum oral glucose tolerance test (OR=0.27; 95%CI 0.09-0.8). By logistic regression, breastfeeding was shown to be an independent protective factor.
There was a statistically significant relationship between breastfeeding and a decreased risk of developing glucose intolerance. Breastfeeding should be encouraged because it is an effective, low cost intervention easily accessible to all patients during the postpartum period.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2015;37(12):565-570
DOI 10.1590/SO100-720320150005488
To determine the influence of breastfeeding on the results of a postpartum oral glucose tolerance test in women recently diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus.
The data were obtained from the electronic medical records of the Endocrinopathy Sector during pregnancy, HCMED laboratory system ofHospital das Clínicas of São Paulo , and by telephone. According to the inclusion criteria adopted, 132 patients were eligible for the study. For statistical analysis, the patients were divided into two groups according to whether or not they breastfed. The results were analyzed by the Student t-test and by the Mann-Whitney, Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests, depending on the variable analyzed, with the level of significance set at p<0.05.
Of the 132 patients included in the study, 114 breastfed and 18 did not. Most of the patients in both groups were overweight or obese. The breastfeeding group had a lower pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index than the non-breastfeeding group (p=0.006). Insulin was introduced earlier in the group that did not breastfeed (23.21±4.33 versus 28.84±6.17; p=0.04). The group that did not breastfeed had a higher mean postpartum fasting glucose value in the oral glucose tolerance test than the group that breastfed (91.3±8.7 versus 86.5±9.3; p=0.01). Breastfeeding acted as a protective factor against the development of glucose intolerance in the postpartum oral glucose tolerance test (OR=0.27; 95%CI 0.09-0.8). By logistic regression, breastfeeding was shown to be an independent protective factor.
There was a statistically significant relationship between breastfeeding and a decreased risk of developing glucose intolerance. Breastfeeding should be encouraged because it is an effective, low cost intervention easily accessible to all patients during the postpartum period.
