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Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2004;26(3):252-252
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2004;26(3):252-252
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2003;25(9):655-659
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032003000900006
PURPOSE: to assess the simultaneous approach of radioguided occult lesion localization and sentinel lymph node biopsy in women with breast cancer. METHOD: forty-five patients with nonpalpable breast cancer were enrolled in a prospective study. The employed radiocolloid was 99mTc-labelled dextran. The injection was performed peritumorally under sonographic or stereotactic guidance using a 18 gauge needle. Lymphoscintigraph images for the visualization of both the site of injection and sentinel lymph node were obtained in a conventional gamma-camera, with the ipsilateral arm positioned in a 90º angle. Excision biopsy of the tumor and sentinel lymph node were performed with a gamma-detecting probe. RESULTS: the procedure was always successful in permitting the localization of occult breast lesions. It was necessary to enlarge surgical margins in five cases. Concerning the sentinel lymph node we achieved localization in 93% of the cases. No complications were observed. CONCLUSION: the results seems to demonstrate that a combined radioguided occult lesion localization and sentinel lymph node biopsy using the same radiopharmaceutical represents a useful and practicable strategy in the management of early breast cancer.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2003;25(9):655-659
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032003000900006
PURPOSE: to assess the simultaneous approach of radioguided occult lesion localization and sentinel lymph node biopsy in women with breast cancer. METHOD: forty-five patients with nonpalpable breast cancer were enrolled in a prospective study. The employed radiocolloid was 99mTc-labelled dextran. The injection was performed peritumorally under sonographic or stereotactic guidance using a 18 gauge needle. Lymphoscintigraph images for the visualization of both the site of injection and sentinel lymph node were obtained in a conventional gamma-camera, with the ipsilateral arm positioned in a 90º angle. Excision biopsy of the tumor and sentinel lymph node were performed with a gamma-detecting probe. RESULTS: the procedure was always successful in permitting the localization of occult breast lesions. It was necessary to enlarge surgical margins in five cases. Concerning the sentinel lymph node we achieved localization in 93% of the cases. No complications were observed. CONCLUSION: the results seems to demonstrate that a combined radioguided occult lesion localization and sentinel lymph node biopsy using the same radiopharmaceutical represents a useful and practicable strategy in the management of early breast cancer.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2003;25(6):403-409
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032003000600004
PURPOSE: to evaluate the local, regional and distant recurrence rate of a new surgical technique for the conservative treatment of the breast cancer in early stages. The technique is based on breast segmental resection with axillary dissection and skin sparing by a single periareolar incision. METHODS: one hundred and nineteen patients with breast cancer stages I and II constituted the present study. The study group comprised fifty-seven patients who were submitted to surgery by the proposed technique, while 62 patients submitted to the classic quadrantectomy constituted the control group. Postoperative radiotherapy and boost were perfomed in both groups. The average follow-up was 50.1 months for the study group and 51.2 months for the control group. The rates of recurrence, global survival and disease-free survival were analyzed and compared between the two groups. RESULTS: the rate of local recurrence in the period was 3.5% for the study group and 4.8% for the control group. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups as to disease-free survival and global survival rates. CONCLUSION: we demonstrated that the technique of segmental resection with axillary dissection by a single periareolar incision, preserving skin, did not show difference in relation to the classic quadrantectomy, regarding rates of recurrence, global survival and disease-free survival.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2003;25(6):403-409
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032003000600004
PURPOSE: to evaluate the local, regional and distant recurrence rate of a new surgical technique for the conservative treatment of the breast cancer in early stages. The technique is based on breast segmental resection with axillary dissection and skin sparing by a single periareolar incision. METHODS: one hundred and nineteen patients with breast cancer stages I and II constituted the present study. The study group comprised fifty-seven patients who were submitted to surgery by the proposed technique, while 62 patients submitted to the classic quadrantectomy constituted the control group. Postoperative radiotherapy and boost were perfomed in both groups. The average follow-up was 50.1 months for the study group and 51.2 months for the control group. The rates of recurrence, global survival and disease-free survival were analyzed and compared between the two groups. RESULTS: the rate of local recurrence in the period was 3.5% for the study group and 4.8% for the control group. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups as to disease-free survival and global survival rates. CONCLUSION: we demonstrated that the technique of segmental resection with axillary dissection by a single periareolar incision, preserving skin, did not show difference in relation to the classic quadrantectomy, regarding rates of recurrence, global survival and disease-free survival.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2001;23(10):627-631
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032001001000003
Purpose: to analyze the pregnancy rates after laparoscopic and microsurgical treatment of hydrosalpinx. Methods: from July 1996 to May 1999 thirty-nine infertile patients with hydrosalpinx were treated according to a previously approved research protocol. They were randomly divided into two groups, according to the previously proposed surgical approach: laparoscopic or open microsurgical salpingostomy. To analyze the results, patients were stratified according to tubal damage, and pregnancy rates in both groups were determined for 24 months. Results: pregnancy rates in our series were 35.3 and 33.3% after laparoscopic and microsurgical salpingostomy, respectively. According to the severity of tubal damage, patients with mildly and moderately damaged tubes got pregnant in 66.7 and 21.7% of the cases, respectively. Cumulative pregnancy rates in one and two years were 25.0 and 34.4%, respectively. There was a single case of ectopic pregnancy, corresponding to 9.1% of all pregnancies. Conclusion: patients with mild and moderate lesions may be initially treated with surgery, and conception success is inversely proportional to the degree of tubal damage.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2001;23(10):627-631
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032001001000003
Purpose: to analyze the pregnancy rates after laparoscopic and microsurgical treatment of hydrosalpinx. Methods: from July 1996 to May 1999 thirty-nine infertile patients with hydrosalpinx were treated according to a previously approved research protocol. They were randomly divided into two groups, according to the previously proposed surgical approach: laparoscopic or open microsurgical salpingostomy. To analyze the results, patients were stratified according to tubal damage, and pregnancy rates in both groups were determined for 24 months. Results: pregnancy rates in our series were 35.3 and 33.3% after laparoscopic and microsurgical salpingostomy, respectively. According to the severity of tubal damage, patients with mildly and moderately damaged tubes got pregnant in 66.7 and 21.7% of the cases, respectively. Cumulative pregnancy rates in one and two years were 25.0 and 34.4%, respectively. There was a single case of ectopic pregnancy, corresponding to 9.1% of all pregnancies. Conclusion: patients with mild and moderate lesions may be initially treated with surgery, and conception success is inversely proportional to the degree of tubal damage.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2001;23(9):597-602
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032001000900008
Purpose: to evaluate the results of uterine artery embolization (UAE) in the treatment of uterine leiomyomas. Methods: eighteen patients with ultrasonographic diagnosis of uterine leiomyomas were submitted to UAE with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) particles. The femoral arteries are the access sites until selective catheterization of the uterine arteries. Imaging regarding uterine volume was performed before the procedure and three months after wards. Clinical follow-up was performed at regular intervals after the procedure to assess patient menstrual characteristics and uterine volume. Results: three procedures were technically unsuccessful because of failure of superselective catheterization. Control of menorrhagia and pelvic pain was reported at three months after the procedure by 86 and 60% of patients, respectively. The initial mean uterine volume was 381 cm³ and after 3 months, 263 cm³. The mean uterine volume reduction was 27.4% after three months of follow-up. Clinical and biochemical findings consistent with ovarian failure were observed in three (20%) patients. Conclusions: UAE represents a new therapeutic approach in the treatment of uterine leiomyomas. The risk of ovarian failure after the procedure limits its use to patients aged 45 years or without pregnancy wish.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2001;23(9):597-602
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032001000900008
Purpose: to evaluate the results of uterine artery embolization (UAE) in the treatment of uterine leiomyomas. Methods: eighteen patients with ultrasonographic diagnosis of uterine leiomyomas were submitted to UAE with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) particles. The femoral arteries are the access sites until selective catheterization of the uterine arteries. Imaging regarding uterine volume was performed before the procedure and three months after wards. Clinical follow-up was performed at regular intervals after the procedure to assess patient menstrual characteristics and uterine volume. Results: three procedures were technically unsuccessful because of failure of superselective catheterization. Control of menorrhagia and pelvic pain was reported at three months after the procedure by 86 and 60% of patients, respectively. The initial mean uterine volume was 381 cm³ and after 3 months, 263 cm³. The mean uterine volume reduction was 27.4% after three months of follow-up. Clinical and biochemical findings consistent with ovarian failure were observed in three (20%) patients. Conclusions: UAE represents a new therapeutic approach in the treatment of uterine leiomyomas. The risk of ovarian failure after the procedure limits its use to patients aged 45 years or without pregnancy wish.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2002;24(5):337-341
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032002000500008
Purpose: to evaluate pregnancy outcome after laparoscopic tubal anastomosis. Method: from December 1998 to December 2001, 26 patients with bilateral tubal ligation who underwent laparoscopic tubal anastomosis were prospectively evaluated. Patients' age ranged from 28 to 37 years. The follow-up period ranged from 150 to 425 days and tubal patency (evaluated by hysterosalpingography) and pregnancy outcome were evaluated. Results: laparoscopic tubal reversal was performed in 23 patients. Bilateral reversal was attempted in all except two patients. The operation time ranged from 95 to 155 minutes and all patients were discharged on the following morning. Tubal patency was confirmed in 15 patients (15/23). Pregnancy rate was 56.5% (13/23), without ectopic pregnancies. Nine patients got pregnant in up to four months and four in up to nine months after discontinuing the use of condom. Conclusion: in selected cases, laparoscopic tubal reversal can be performed in patients who had been submitted to tubal sterilization and desire new pregnancies. Patient selection as well as meticulous surgical technique are key factors in achieving satisfactory pregnancy rates.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2002;24(5):337-341
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032002000500008
Purpose: to evaluate pregnancy outcome after laparoscopic tubal anastomosis. Method: from December 1998 to December 2001, 26 patients with bilateral tubal ligation who underwent laparoscopic tubal anastomosis were prospectively evaluated. Patients' age ranged from 28 to 37 years. The follow-up period ranged from 150 to 425 days and tubal patency (evaluated by hysterosalpingography) and pregnancy outcome were evaluated. Results: laparoscopic tubal reversal was performed in 23 patients. Bilateral reversal was attempted in all except two patients. The operation time ranged from 95 to 155 minutes and all patients were discharged on the following morning. Tubal patency was confirmed in 15 patients (15/23). Pregnancy rate was 56.5% (13/23), without ectopic pregnancies. Nine patients got pregnant in up to four months and four in up to nine months after discontinuing the use of condom. Conclusion: in selected cases, laparoscopic tubal reversal can be performed in patients who had been submitted to tubal sterilization and desire new pregnancies. Patient selection as well as meticulous surgical technique are key factors in achieving satisfactory pregnancy rates.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2002;24(2):81-86
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032002000200002
Purpose: to evaluate the predictive capacity of the sentinel lymph node (SLN) in relation to the axillary lymph node status in patients with initial invasive breast carcinoma submitted or not to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Method: a prospective study was performed in 112 patients divided into two groups. The first group comprised 70 patients who had not received previous chemotherapy (Group I) and the second consisted of 42 patients who were submitted to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in three cycles of AC (adriamycin + cyclophosphamide) (Group II). Regarding chemotherapy, we observed partial response >50% in 21 patients, being complete in three of them, and <50% in 19 patients; in two patients progression of the disease occurred. A peritumoral injection of 99mTc dextran was applied with the help of stereotaxy in 29 patients with nonpalpable tumors, 16 of Group I and 13 of Group II. The radioactive accumulation shown by scintigraphy guided the biopsy of the axillary SLN with the help of a probe. The anatomopathologic study of SLN was based initially on a single section. When the LSN was free, it was submitted to serial sections at 50 mum intervals, stained with HE. Results: SLN was identified in 108 patients. No identification has been obtained in four patients, all with nonpalpable lesions (3 patients of Group I and 1 of Group II). The method's accuracy in predicting the axillary lymph node status was 100% in patients who did not receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy and 93% in those to whom this kind of treatment was administered. This difference proved to be statistically significant. Conclusions: the present study allowed us to conclude that in all patients who did not receive previous chemotherapy treatment, the SLN study was effective in predicting the axillary lymph node status. The high rate of false-negative results in the group of patients submitted to neoadjuvant chemotherapy seems to invalidate the use of SLN study these patients.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2002;24(2):81-86
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032002000200002
Purpose: to evaluate the predictive capacity of the sentinel lymph node (SLN) in relation to the axillary lymph node status in patients with initial invasive breast carcinoma submitted or not to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Method: a prospective study was performed in 112 patients divided into two groups. The first group comprised 70 patients who had not received previous chemotherapy (Group I) and the second consisted of 42 patients who were submitted to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in three cycles of AC (adriamycin + cyclophosphamide) (Group II). Regarding chemotherapy, we observed partial response >50% in 21 patients, being complete in three of them, and <50% in 19 patients; in two patients progression of the disease occurred. A peritumoral injection of 99mTc dextran was applied with the help of stereotaxy in 29 patients with nonpalpable tumors, 16 of Group I and 13 of Group II. The radioactive accumulation shown by scintigraphy guided the biopsy of the axillary SLN with the help of a probe. The anatomopathologic study of SLN was based initially on a single section. When the LSN was free, it was submitted to serial sections at 50 mum intervals, stained with HE. Results: SLN was identified in 108 patients. No identification has been obtained in four patients, all with nonpalpable lesions (3 patients of Group I and 1 of Group II). The method's accuracy in predicting the axillary lymph node status was 100% in patients who did not receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy and 93% in those to whom this kind of treatment was administered. This difference proved to be statistically significant. Conclusions: the present study allowed us to conclude that in all patients who did not receive previous chemotherapy treatment, the SLN study was effective in predicting the axillary lymph node status. The high rate of false-negative results in the group of patients submitted to neoadjuvant chemotherapy seems to invalidate the use of SLN study these patients.