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Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2017;39(1):21-25
To evaluate the diagnostic utility of the p16ink4a protein expression as a marker for adenocarcinoma of the cervix.
In a cross-sectional study, p16ink4a expression was evaluated in 30 cervical biopsies from patients diagnosed with invasive adenocarcinoma from 2 reference clinics in Brazil, and compared with 18 biopsies of endocervical polyps (control cases). The performance of the tests for p16ink4a was evaluated using a conventional contingency table, and the Kappa (k) index was used to evaluate the agreement of the marker with the tissue diagnosis.
In total, 66% of the invasive adenocarcinoma cases were positive for p16ink4a. All of the adenomatous polyps cases used as negative controls were shown to be negative for p16ink4a. The marker showed a high sensitivity and a high negative predictive value. The Kappa index was good for p16ink4a (k 1/4 0.6).
Considering the strong association between the p16ink4a marker and the cervical adenocarcinoma, its use represents an important tool for reducing incorrect diagnoses of adenocarcinoma and thereby avoiding overtreatment.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2017;39(1):21-25
To evaluate the diagnostic utility of the p16ink4a protein expression as a marker for adenocarcinoma of the cervix.
In a cross-sectional study, p16ink4a expression was evaluated in 30 cervical biopsies from patients diagnosed with invasive adenocarcinoma from 2 reference clinics in Brazil, and compared with 18 biopsies of endocervical polyps (control cases). The performance of the tests for p16ink4a was evaluated using a conventional contingency table, and the Kappa (k) index was used to evaluate the agreement of the marker with the tissue diagnosis.
In total, 66% of the invasive adenocarcinoma cases were positive for p16ink4a. All of the adenomatous polyps cases used as negative controls were shown to be negative for p16ink4a. The marker showed a high sensitivity and a high negative predictive value. The Kappa index was good for p16ink4a (k 1/4 0.6).
Considering the strong association between the p16ink4a marker and the cervical adenocarcinoma, its use represents an important tool for reducing incorrect diagnoses of adenocarcinoma and thereby avoiding overtreatment.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2000;22(3):135-139
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032000000300003
Purpose: to assess clinical, colposcopic profile and follow-up of patients with a cytological report of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS). Methods: a total of 208 cases of ASCUS diagnosed between 1996 e 1998 were analyzed retrospectively regarding age, symptoms, colposcopy and follow-up. Results: the ASCUS:SIL (squamous intraepithelial lesion) ratio reported was 1:1.2, showing an adequate quality control. Most of the patients were between 15 and 35 years old (72.6 %). The majority referred no symptoms (36.5 %). The colposcopy showed (n = 58) the atypical zone of transformation in 60% of the cases. The subclassification into ASCUS favoring a dysplasia (ASCUS--D), reactive process (ASCUS-R) and unqualified (ASCUS-U) showed that 65% of cases belonged to the first category (ASCUS-D). In the follow-up of 86 patients for 3 to 6 months (average of 4.5 months), 12.5% had a subsequent SIL. Conclusion: the findings of this study indicate that ASCUS occurrence in young women with common symptoms, is frequent and there is the possibility of diagnosing by colposcopy. The follow-up is very important to define the concurrent or subsequent development of a squamous intraepithelial lesion.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2000;22(3):135-139
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032000000300003
Purpose: to assess clinical, colposcopic profile and follow-up of patients with a cytological report of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS). Methods: a total of 208 cases of ASCUS diagnosed between 1996 e 1998 were analyzed retrospectively regarding age, symptoms, colposcopy and follow-up. Results: the ASCUS:SIL (squamous intraepithelial lesion) ratio reported was 1:1.2, showing an adequate quality control. Most of the patients were between 15 and 35 years old (72.6 %). The majority referred no symptoms (36.5 %). The colposcopy showed (n = 58) the atypical zone of transformation in 60% of the cases. The subclassification into ASCUS favoring a dysplasia (ASCUS--D), reactive process (ASCUS-R) and unqualified (ASCUS-U) showed that 65% of cases belonged to the first category (ASCUS-D). In the follow-up of 86 patients for 3 to 6 months (average of 4.5 months), 12.5% had a subsequent SIL. Conclusion: the findings of this study indicate that ASCUS occurrence in young women with common symptoms, is frequent and there is the possibility of diagnosing by colposcopy. The follow-up is very important to define the concurrent or subsequent development of a squamous intraepithelial lesion.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2004;26(3):221-225
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032004000300008
OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the presence of curved rods, suggesting Mobiluncus sp, and leukocytosis on Gram and Papanicolaou-stained vaginal smears in cases of bacterial vaginosis. METHODS: two hundred and five vaginal smears were studied by the Papanicolaou's method and other 205 vaginal smears, in the same patients, were evaluated by Gram staining. The diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis was made clinically by one of the authors (J.E.J.) using Amsel's criteria. In the Gram method stained smears the Nugent's score was calculated and the presence of curved rods was evaluated. In Papanicolaou's smears curved rods were searched as well the presence of leukocytes. The data were analyzed by Prism 3.0® with confidence interval of 95% using the Fisher exact test with modified Wald's method. RESULTS: on Pap smears the curved rods were present in 51.7% of the cases. The number of leukocytes varied, although the leukopenia was more frequent. In Gram-stained smears the curved rods were present in 46.8% of the cases and the Nugent's score was 8 in 48.3% of the cases. The finding of Mobiluncus sp in both methods occurred in 82%. When curved rods were observed leukocytosis occurred in 57.5% (p < 0.0001). In the same way, leukocytosis was more frequent in Nugent's scores 9 and 10. CONCLUSION: curved rods were observed in about 52% of bacterial vaginosis. Leukocytosis in Pap smears was more frequent when Mobiluncus sp were found with higher Nugent's scores.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2004;26(3):221-225
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032004000300008
OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the presence of curved rods, suggesting Mobiluncus sp, and leukocytosis on Gram and Papanicolaou-stained vaginal smears in cases of bacterial vaginosis. METHODS: two hundred and five vaginal smears were studied by the Papanicolaou's method and other 205 vaginal smears, in the same patients, were evaluated by Gram staining. The diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis was made clinically by one of the authors (J.E.J.) using Amsel's criteria. In the Gram method stained smears the Nugent's score was calculated and the presence of curved rods was evaluated. In Papanicolaou's smears curved rods were searched as well the presence of leukocytes. The data were analyzed by Prism 3.0® with confidence interval of 95% using the Fisher exact test with modified Wald's method. RESULTS: on Pap smears the curved rods were present in 51.7% of the cases. The number of leukocytes varied, although the leukopenia was more frequent. In Gram-stained smears the curved rods were present in 46.8% of the cases and the Nugent's score was 8 in 48.3% of the cases. The finding of Mobiluncus sp in both methods occurred in 82%. When curved rods were observed leukocytosis occurred in 57.5% (p < 0.0001). In the same way, leukocytosis was more frequent in Nugent's scores 9 and 10. CONCLUSION: curved rods were observed in about 52% of bacterial vaginosis. Leukocytosis in Pap smears was more frequent when Mobiluncus sp were found with higher Nugent's scores.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2001;23(2):83-86
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032001000200004
Purpose: to evaluate the expression of estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptors in smears of peritoneal fluid sediment from patients with and without endometriosis. Methods: immunocytochemical study of ER and PR in smears of peritoneal fluid sediment in 19 cases with endometriosis and 7 without (control group), observing their expression. The data were submitted to Student's t-test to evaluate statistical significance. Results: in 84.6% of the cases with endometriosis, endometrial-like cells expressed ER (mean = 4.1%). In cases without endometriosis there was ER expression in 42.9%, with a mean of 4.5% (p = 0.1706). PR was expressed in only one case of endometriosis, with an endometrioma rupture history. Conclusions: there was no difference of ER expression between cases with endometriosis and the control group, in contrast to tissue behavior. Further cases must be studied for a better evaluation of this enigmatic mechanism of hormonal receptors in exfoliated cells.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2001;23(2):83-86
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032001000200004
Purpose: to evaluate the expression of estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptors in smears of peritoneal fluid sediment from patients with and without endometriosis. Methods: immunocytochemical study of ER and PR in smears of peritoneal fluid sediment in 19 cases with endometriosis and 7 without (control group), observing their expression. The data were submitted to Student's t-test to evaluate statistical significance. Results: in 84.6% of the cases with endometriosis, endometrial-like cells expressed ER (mean = 4.1%). In cases without endometriosis there was ER expression in 42.9%, with a mean of 4.5% (p = 0.1706). PR was expressed in only one case of endometriosis, with an endometrioma rupture history. Conclusions: there was no difference of ER expression between cases with endometriosis and the control group, in contrast to tissue behavior. Further cases must be studied for a better evaluation of this enigmatic mechanism of hormonal receptors in exfoliated cells.
