Kupperman index Archives - Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2005;27(1):7-11
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032005000100004
PURPOSE: to identify factors associated with climacteric symptoms. METHODS: a cross-sectional study of 254 women aged between 45 and 60 years was carried out at the Climacterium Outpatient Clinic of Caxias do Sul University, RS, from June to October 2002. Women with previous hysterectomy or under hormonal therapy were excluded. The climacteric symptoms were evaluated by means of the Kuppermann index and the attitudes toward menopause by a specific questionnaire. Data were analyzed by Student's t test, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multiple linear regression analysis. RESULTS: twenty eight percent of the women reported mild climacteric symtoms, whereas 42.3% reported moderate symptoms and 30.7%, intense symptoms. The most prevalent symptoms were: irritability (87.1%), arthralgias/myalgias (77.5%) and melancholy (73.2%), while the most severe were hot flushes in 60.2% of the women, irritability and insomnia. Attitudes toward menopause, skin color and physical activity were predictors of climacteric symptoms. Positive attitudes toward menopause (p=0.01), white color (p=0.02) and the habit of practicing physical activity (0.04) were associated with less intense climacteric symptoms. Negative attitudes toward menopause were associated with worse climacteric symptoms (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: in the current study, the climacteric symptoms were influenced by psychosocial factors and physical activity, as well as by climacteric hypoestrogenism.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2005;27(1):7-11
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032005000100004
PURPOSE: to identify factors associated with climacteric symptoms. METHODS: a cross-sectional study of 254 women aged between 45 and 60 years was carried out at the Climacterium Outpatient Clinic of Caxias do Sul University, RS, from June to October 2002. Women with previous hysterectomy or under hormonal therapy were excluded. The climacteric symptoms were evaluated by means of the Kuppermann index and the attitudes toward menopause by a specific questionnaire. Data were analyzed by Student's t test, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multiple linear regression analysis. RESULTS: twenty eight percent of the women reported mild climacteric symtoms, whereas 42.3% reported moderate symptoms and 30.7%, intense symptoms. The most prevalent symptoms were: irritability (87.1%), arthralgias/myalgias (77.5%) and melancholy (73.2%), while the most severe were hot flushes in 60.2% of the women, irritability and insomnia. Attitudes toward menopause, skin color and physical activity were predictors of climacteric symptoms. Positive attitudes toward menopause (p=0.01), white color (p=0.02) and the habit of practicing physical activity (0.04) were associated with less intense climacteric symptoms. Negative attitudes toward menopause were associated with worse climacteric symptoms (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: in the current study, the climacteric symptoms were influenced by psychosocial factors and physical activity, as well as by climacteric hypoestrogenism.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2002;24(8):547-552
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032002000800008
Purpose: to evaluate the estrogenic effects of soy phytoestrogens in postmenopausal patients. Method: we selected postmenopausal patients from the Climacteric Service of the Gynecology Department of the Federal University of São Paulo - Escola Paulista de Medicina. The patients were divided into two groups: GI (n=40) received daily 100 mg isoflavone (3 x 33.3 mg/day); and GCtr (n=40) received daily placebo. We included in this study the Kuppermann menopausal index, physical examination and the biochemical determination of total and fractions of cholesterol, triglycerides, estradiol, FSH e LH. We also performed sonographic examination to measure endometrial thickness. To compare baseline and after treatment values of both groups, the nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test was used for the Kuppermann index, while the t test was performed for other data. Results: evaluation of the Kupperman Menopausal Index, 80% patients of GI showed a decrease in the total score, while the improvement of symptoms in GCtr was 12,5%. The analysis of total cholesterol levels showed that 35 patients of GI had levels above 200 mg/dL, and only 13 of GCtr presented similar levels. The body mass index reduction occurred in GI and the control group showed no changes. We also verified that echo endometrial thickness and FSH levels were similar to baseline values. However the values of estrogen increased after isoflavone treatment. Conclusion: we concluded that 100 mg/day isoflavone may be an alternative treatment for attenuating the climacteric symptoms in 80% of isoflavone users and that it reduced total cholesterol.
Summary
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2002;24(8):547-552
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032002000800008
Purpose: to evaluate the estrogenic effects of soy phytoestrogens in postmenopausal patients. Method: we selected postmenopausal patients from the Climacteric Service of the Gynecology Department of the Federal University of São Paulo - Escola Paulista de Medicina. The patients were divided into two groups: GI (n=40) received daily 100 mg isoflavone (3 x 33.3 mg/day); and GCtr (n=40) received daily placebo. We included in this study the Kuppermann menopausal index, physical examination and the biochemical determination of total and fractions of cholesterol, triglycerides, estradiol, FSH e LH. We also performed sonographic examination to measure endometrial thickness. To compare baseline and after treatment values of both groups, the nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test was used for the Kuppermann index, while the t test was performed for other data. Results: evaluation of the Kupperman Menopausal Index, 80% patients of GI showed a decrease in the total score, while the improvement of symptoms in GCtr was 12,5%. The analysis of total cholesterol levels showed that 35 patients of GI had levels above 200 mg/dL, and only 13 of GCtr presented similar levels. The body mass index reduction occurred in GI and the control group showed no changes. We also verified that echo endometrial thickness and FSH levels were similar to baseline values. However the values of estrogen increased after isoflavone treatment. Conclusion: we concluded that 100 mg/day isoflavone may be an alternative treatment for attenuating the climacteric symptoms in 80% of isoflavone users and that it reduced total cholesterol.