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Artigo Original06/09/2024
Morbidity associated with emergency surgery versus scheduled surgery in patients with placenta accreta spectrum
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgo74
Resumo
Artigo OriginalMorbidity associated with emergency surgery versus scheduled surgery in patients with placenta accreta spectrum
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgo74
Visualizações189Ver maisAbstract
Objective
This study aims to evaluate the clinical outcomes of surgical management for placenta accreta spectrum in a Latin American reference hospital specializing in this condition. The evaluation involves a comparison between surgeries performed on an emergent and scheduled basis.
Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients with placenta accreta spectrum who underwent surgery between January 2011 and November 2021 at a hospital in Colombia, using data from the institutional PAS registry. The study included patients with intraoperative and/or histological confirmation of PAS, regardless of prenatal suspicion. Clinical outcomes were compared between patients who had emergent surgeries and those who had scheduled surgeries. Descriptive analysis involved summary measures and the Shapiro-Wilk test for quantitative variables, with comparisons made using Pearson’s Chi-squared test and the Wilcoxon rank sum test, applying a significance level of 5%.
Results
A total of 113 patients were included, 84 (74.3%) of them underwent scheduled surgery, and 29 (25.6%) underwent emergency surgery. The emergency surgery group required more transfusions (72.4% vs 48.8%, p=0.047). Patients with intraoperative diagnosis of placenta accreta spectrum (21 women, 19.5%) had a greater volume of blood loss than patients taken into surgery with known presence of placenta accreta spectrum (3500 ml, IQR 1700 – 4000 vs 1700 ml, IQR 1195-2135. p <0.001).
Conclusion
Patients with placenta accreta spectrum undergoing emergency surgery require transfusions more frequently than those undergoing scheduled surgery
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Artigo de Revisão06/09/2024
Biochemical markers for prediction of the first half pregnancy losses: a review
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgo72
Resumo
Artigo de RevisãoBiochemical markers for prediction of the first half pregnancy losses: a review
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgo72
Visualizações285Abstract
Objective
26% of all pregnancies end in miscarriage, and up to 10% of clinically diagnosed pregnancies, and recurrent pregnancy loss is 5% among couples of childbearing ages. Although there are several known causes of pregnancy loss in the first half, including recurrent pregnancy loss, including parental chromosomal abnormalities, uterine malformations, endocrinological disorders, and immunological abnormalities, about half of the cases of pregnancy loss in its first half remain unexplained.
Methods
The review includes observational controlled studies (case-control or cohort, longitudinal studies, reviews, meta-analyses), which include the study of biochemical factors for predicting pregnancy losses in the first half, in singlet pregnancy. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess the research quality.
Results
Finally, 27 studies were included in the review, which has 134904 examined patients. The results of the review include estimates of β-human chorionic gonadotropin, progesterone, pregnancy-associated protein – A, angiogenic vascular factors, estradiol, α-fetoprotein, homocysteine and CA-125 as a predictors or markers of the first half pregnancy losses.
Conclusion
It may be concluded that to date, research data indicate the unavailability of any reliable biochemical marker for predicting pregnancy losses in its first half and require either a combination of them or comparison with clinical evidence. A fairly new model shall be considered for the assessment of α-fetoprotein in vaginal blood, which may have great prospects in predicting spontaneous miscarriages.
Palavras-chave: Biochemical markerLaboratory markerMiscarriagemissed abortionpredictionPregnancySpontaneous abortionVer mais -
Artigo Original06/09/2024
Association between dietary patterns and infant birth weight in brazilian pregnancy women with gestational diabetes: a cross-sectional study
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgo68
Resumo
Artigo OriginalAssociation between dietary patterns and infant birth weight in brazilian pregnancy women with gestational diabetes: a cross-sectional study
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgo68
Visualizações246Ver maisAbstract
Objective
To evaluate the association between the dietary patterns (DPs) of pregnant women with GDM (gestational diabetes mellitus) and the birth weight (BW) of the infants.
Methods
Cross-sectional study with 187 adult pregnant women with GDM attended at a maternity in Rio de Janeiro from 2011 to 2014. Dietary intake was assessed in the third trimester using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The outcomes were BW and weight adequacy for gestational age (GA). Reduced Rank Regression (RRR) was used to explain the following response variables: density of carbohydrates, fibres, and saturated fatty acids. Statistical analyzes included multinomial logistic regression models.
Results
The mean BW was 3261.9 (± 424.5) g. Three DPs were identified, with DP 3 (high consumption of refined carbohydrates, fast foods/snacks, whole milk, sugars/sweets, and soft drinks and low consumption of beans, vegetables, and low-fat milk and derivatives) being the main pattern, explaining 48.37% of the response variables. In the multinomial logistic regression analysis no statistically significant association was found between the tertiles of DPs and BW or the adequacy of weight for GA, even after adjustments of confounding covariates.
Conclusion
No significant associations were found between maternal DPs in the third trimester of pregnancy and infant BW or adequacy of weight for GA.
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Artigo de Revisão06/09/2024
Relationship between early age at menarche, older age at menopause and subtypes of breast cancer: a scoping review
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgo50
Resumo
Artigo de RevisãoRelationship between early age at menarche, older age at menopause and subtypes of breast cancer: a scoping review
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgo50
Visualizações286Ver maisAbstract
Objective
To determine the relationship between early age at menarche, late age at menopause with specific subtypes of breast cancer (BC).
Methods
A literature search was conducted in Embase, Lilacs, PubMed, Scopus, and Scielo databases, following the Joanna Briggs Institute scoping review protocol and answering the question “How early age at menarche or late age at menopause are related to different breast cancer subtypes?”.
Results
A number of 4,003 studies were identified, of which 17 were selected. Most of the included articles found a clear relationship between early menarche, late menopause and some subtypes of BC, mainly, PR+, ER+, luminal, and HER-2 tumors. However, some studies have found a contradictory relationship and one study didn’t find any relationship between them.
Conclusion
A relationship between early age at menarche and advanced age at menopause was observed with some subtypes of breast cancer, since other factors must be considered in its understanding.
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Editorial06/09/2024
The importance of the quadrivalent HPV vaccine in the elimination of cervical cancer in Brazil
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgoedt4
Resumo
EditorialThe importance of the quadrivalent HPV vaccine in the elimination of cervical cancer in Brazil
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgoedt4
Visualizações280HPV vaccination program in BrazilThe introduction of the quadrivalent HPV vaccine Gardasil 4V into the Brazilian National Immunization Schedule was approved by the National Committee for Technology Incorporation into the Unified Health System (Conitec) and incorporated into the National Immunization Schedule in 2014. This decision was based on a previous cost-effectiveness study that analyzed different […]Ver mais -
Artigo Original06/09/2024
A new screening of preterm birth in gestation with short cervix after pessary plus progesterone
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgo39i
Resumo
Artigo OriginalA new screening of preterm birth in gestation with short cervix after pessary plus progesterone
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgo39i
Visualizações237Abstract
Objective
This study aims to create a new screening for preterm birth < 34 weeks after gestation with a cervical length (CL) ≤ 30 mm, based on clinical, demographic, and sonographic characteristics.
Methods
This is a post hoc analysis of a randomized clinical trial (RCT), which included pregnancies, in middle-gestation, screened with transvaginal ultrasound. After observing inclusion criteria, the patient was invited to compare pessary plus progesterone (PP) versus progesterone only (P) (1:1). The objective was to determine which variables were associated with severe preterm birth using logistic regression (LR). The area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated for both groups after applying LR, with a false positive rate (FPR) set at 10%.
Results
The RCT included 936 patients, 475 in PP and 461 in P. The LR selected: ethnics white, absence of previous curettage, previous preterm birth, singleton gestation, precocious identification of short cervix, CL < 14.7 mm, CL in curve > 21.0 mm. The AUC (CI95%), sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and PNV, with 10% of FPR, were respectively 0.978 (0.961-0.995), 83.4%, 98.1%, 83.4% and 98.1% for PP < 34 weeks; and 0.765 (0.665-0.864), 38.7%, 92.1%, 26.1% and 95.4%, for P < 28 weeks.
Conclusion
Logistic regression can be effective to screen preterm birth < 34 weeks in patients in the PP Group and all pregnancies with CL ≤ 30 mm.
Palavras-chave: Cervix uteriLogistic modelsPessariesPreterm birthProgesteroneScreeningUltrasonographyVer mais -
Artigo de Revisão04/09/2024
Artificial intelligence in mammography: a systematic review of the external validation
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgo71
Resumo
Artigo de RevisãoArtificial intelligence in mammography: a systematic review of the external validation
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgo71
Visualizações350Ver maisAbstract
Objective
To conduct a systematic review of external validation studies on the use of different Artificial Intelligence algorithms in breast cancer screening with mammography.
Data source
Our systematic review was conducted and reported following the PRISMA statement, using the PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases with the search terms “Artificial Intelligence,” “Mammography,” and their respective MeSH terms. We filtered publications from the past ten years (2014 – 2024) and in English.
Study selection
A total of 1,878 articles were found in the databases used in the research. After removing duplicates (373) and excluding those that did not address our PICO question (1,475), 30 studies were included in this work.
Data collection
The data from the studies were collected independently by five authors, and it was subsequently synthesized based on sample data, location, year, and their main results in terms of AUC, sensitivity, and specificity.
Data synthesis
It was demonstrated that the Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC) and sensitivity were similar to those of radiologists when using independent Artificial Intelligence. When used in conjunction with radiologists, statistically higher accuracy in mammogram evaluation was reported compared to the assessment by radiologists alone.
Conclusion
AI algorithms have emerged as a means to complement and enhance the performance and accuracy of radiologists. They also assist less experienced professionals in detecting possible lesions. Furthermore, this tool can be used to complement and improve the analyses conducted by medical professionals.
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FEBRASGO POSITION STATEMENT15/08/2024
Difficult fetal extraction in cesarean section: Number 8 – 2024
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-FPS08
Resumo
FEBRASGO POSITION STATEMENTDifficult fetal extraction in cesarean section: Number 8 – 2024
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-FPS08
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Artigo Original20/07/2004
Pesquisa da prevalência do papilomavírus humano em amostras de tecido endometrial normal e com carcinoma pela técnica de PCR
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2004;26(4):277-287
Resumo
Artigo OriginalPesquisa da prevalência do papilomavírus humano em amostras de tecido endometrial normal e com carcinoma pela técnica de PCR
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2004;26(4):277-287
DOI 10.1590/S0100-72032004000400003
Visualizações12691Ver maisOBJETIVO: comparar a prevalência da presença do DNA do papilomavírus humano (HPV) pela técnica de PCR em amostras de tecido endometrial normal e com carcinoma endometrial de mulheres submetidas a tratamento cirúrgico (histerectomia) ou carcinoma endometrial e doença benigna. MÉTODOS: trata-se de um estudo observacional do tipo caso-controle onde foram avaliadas 100 mulheres (50 com endométrio normal e 50 com carcinoma endometrial) quanto a presença do DNA do HPV em amostra tecidual conservada em blocos de parafina, pelo método de PCR. Foram excluídos os casos de carcinoma endometrial cujo sítio primário da lesão era duvidoso ou com história prévia ou atual de lesões pré-neoplásicas ou carcinoma do trato genital inferior. Variáveis como idade, tabagismo, trofismo endometrial, diferenciação escamosa e grau de diferenciação tumoral foram também avaliadas. RESULTADOS: o risco relativo estimado da presença do HPV foi o mesmo nas mulheres com e sem carcinoma endometrial. O HPV foi detectado em 8% dos casos de carcinoma e 10% no endométrio normal. Apesar de o HPV ter sido detectado 3,5 vezes mais em mulheres fumantes no grupo sem carcinoma, não houve diferença estatística. A presença do HPV também não esteve correlacionada com a idade das mulheres, trofismo endometrial, diferenciação escamosa e grau de diferenciação tumoral. Os HPV 16 e 18 (5 dos casos com o tipo 16 e 4 com o tipo 18) foram os vírus mais freqüentemente encontrados, tanto no tecido endometrial normal, quanto no carcinomatoso. Nenhum vírus de baixo risco oncogênico foi detectado nas amostras. CONCLUSÃO: o HPV está presente no tecido endometrial de mulheres com carcinoma endometrial na mesma proporção que nas com tecido endometrial normal, não se demonstrando a possível associação deste vírus no desenvolvimento do carcinoma endometrial.
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FEBRASGO POSITION STATEMENT25/04/2024
Hyperprolactinemia in women: treatment
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-FPS05
Resumo
FEBRASGO POSITION STATEMENTHyperprolactinemia in women: treatment
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-FPS05
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FEBRASGO POSITION STATEMENT25/04/2024
Hyperprolactinemia in women: diagnostic approach
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-FPS04
Resumo
FEBRASGO POSITION STATEMENTHyperprolactinemia in women: diagnostic approach
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-FPS04
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FEBRASGO POSITION STATEMENT00/00/2024
Breech birth care: Number 1 – 2024
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgofps1
Resumo
FEBRASGO POSITION STATEMENTBreech birth care: Number 1 – 2024
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgofps1
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Carta ao Editor09/04/2024
Letter to Editor: In response to existence of SARS-CoV-2 in the peritoneal fluid
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgo24
Resumo
Carta ao EditorLetter to Editor: In response to existence of SARS-CoV-2 in the peritoneal fluid
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgo24
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FEBRASGO POSITION STATEMENT02/04/2024
Use of hormones and risk of venous thromboembolism
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-FPS02
Resumo
FEBRASGO POSITION STATEMENTUse of hormones and risk of venous thromboembolism
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-FPS02
Visualizações877Ver maisKey points
•The risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is not increased in women using long-acting reversible contraceptive methods (LARCs) with progestogens.
•Oral contraceptives with levonorgestrel or norgestimate confer half the risk of VTE compared to oral contraceptives containing desogestrel, gestodene or drospirenone.
•Progestogen-only pills do not confer an increased risk of VTE.
•Women using transdermal contraceptive patches and combined oral contraceptives (COCs) are at an approximately eight times greater risk of VTE than non-users of hormonal contraceptives (HCs), corresponding to 9.7 events per 10,000 women/years.
•Vaginal rings increase the risk of VTE by 6.5 times compared to not using HC, corresponding to 7.8 events per 10,000 women/years.
•Several studies have demonstrated an increased risk of VTE in transgender individuals receiving hormone therapy (HT).
•Hormone therapy during menopause increases the risk of VTE by approximately two times, and this risk is increased by obesity, thrombophilia, age over 60 years, surgery and immobilization.
•The route of estrogen administration, the dosage and type of progestogen associated with estrogen may affect the risk of VTE in the climacteric.
•Combined estrogen-progesterone therapy increases the risk of VTE compared to estrogen monotherapy.
•Postmenopausal HT increases the risk of thrombosis at atypical sites.
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FEBRASGO POSITION STATEMENT02/04/2024
Vulvovaginitis in pregnant women
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-FPS03
Resumo
FEBRASGO POSITION STATEMENTVulvovaginitis in pregnant women
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-FPS03
Visualizações842Ver maisKey points
• The balanced vaginal microbiome is the main factor defending the vaginal environment against infections. Lactobacilli play a key role in this regard, maintaining the vaginal pH within the normal range (3.8 to 4.5).
•Hormonal and immune adaptations resulting from pregnancy influence changes in the vaginal microbiome during pregnancy.
•An altered vaginal microbiome predisposes to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.
•Bacterial vaginosis is the main clinical expression of an imbalanced vaginal microbiome.
•Vulvovaginal candidiasis depends more on the host’s conditions than on the etiological agent.
•Trichomonas vaginalis is a protozoan transmitted during sexual intercourse.
•The use of probiotics is not approved for use in pregnant women.
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Editorial00/00/2024
The path to elimination: FEBRASGO 2023’s targeted strategies against cervical cancer in Brazil
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgoedt2
Resumo
EditorialThe path to elimination: FEBRASGO 2023’s targeted strategies against cervical cancer in Brazil
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia. 2024;46:e-rbgoedt2
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