Frequency of sleep disturbances in overweight/obese postmenopausal women - Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia

PURPOSE:

To evaluate the frequency of sleep disorders, such as obstructive sleep apnea,
restless leg syndrome and insomnia in overweight/obese postmenopausal women seen
in a climacteric sleep disorders clinic.

METHODS:

Thirty-four postmenopausal women were selected using the following inclusion
criteria: age between 50 and 70 years; at least 12 months of amenorrhea; body mass
index (BMI) greater than or equal to 25 kg/m²; and sleep-related
complaints with at least one previous polysomnography. Patients provided responses
to 6 questionnaires related to sleep characteristics and menopausal symptoms.
Weight and height were measured using standardized scales, and abdomen and hip
circumferences were also measured. The statistical analyses were performed using
the χ² test for qualitative variables and using Student’s t-test for
quantitative variables.

RESULTS:

Patients’ characteristics were as follows: mean age of 60.35 years; mean BMI of
31.62; an average of 11.61 postmenopausal years and an average Kupperman Index of
19. A total of 85.2% of the patients had a waist/hip ratio of less than 0.8. The
Epworth Scale score was greater than or equal to 9 in 50% of patients; 68% had
sleep disturbances according to the Pittsburgh Index, and 68% were classified as
high-risk for sleep apnea by the Berlin Questionnaire. On polysomnography, 70.58%
of the patients had a sleep efficiency lower than 85%; 79.41% had a sleep latency
of less than 30 min; 58.82% had a REM sleep latency of less than 90 min, and
44.11% had mild apnea. When the groups were compared, a linear association was
identified between BMI and the AHI average, and a relationship between high BMI
and use of drugs for thyroid treatment was found.

CONCLUSION:

There was a high prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing, initial insomnia,
fragmented sleep, and thyroid disorders in the group with higher BMI.